scholarly journals Agriculture À Base D’anacarde Et Formes Traditionnelles De Mobilisation De La Main D’oeuvre Agricole Chez Les Fohobélé Au Centre-Nord De La Côte d'Ivoire

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 265
Author(s):  
Ouattara Nanfouhoro Paul-Kévin
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Social Institution ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Mutual Aid ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Local Actors ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

Le système de production agricole des Fohobélé est basé sur une main d’oeuvre provenant principalement de la famille dite élargie et du nabonron qui est une institution sociale destinée à mutualiser la force de travail. A la suite de l’adoption de la culture de l’anacarde, l’économie locale s’est structurée autour d’une économie de plantation en remplacement de l’économie fondée sur la culture de rente qu’est le coton. Le présent article vise d’une part à connaitre l’impact de la culture de l’anacarde sur les structures sociales de mobilisation de la main d’oeuvre agricole des Fohobélé et d’autre part à découvrir les nouvelles stratégies de formation de la force de travail agricole. A travers des entretiens semi-directifs avec les acteurs locaux et des observations de terrain, il ressort de l’étude que l’adoption de cette nouvelle spéculation agricole a déstructuré les formes traditionnelles de la force de travail. La famille traditionnelle s’est éclatée pour laisser la place à des familles nucléaires. Le nabonron, forme d’entraide locale a disparu. La force de travail provient désormais de la famille nucléaire avec un rôle plus accru des femmes, des prestations monétarisées et de l’usage des produits chimiques dans l’agriculture. The Fohobélé agricultural production system is based on a workforce mainly coming from the so-called extended family and the nabonron, which is a social institution intended to pool the labor force. Following the adoption of cashew cultivation, the local economy was structured around a plantation economy to replace the economy based on the cash crop of cotton. This article aims on the one hand to know the impact of cashew cultivation on the social structures of mobilization of the agricultural workforce of the Fohobélé and on the other hand to discover the new strategies of strength training agricultural work. Through semi-structured interviews with local actors and field observations, it emerges from the study that the adoption of this new agricultural speculation has deconstructed the traditional forms of the labor force. The traditional family has split up to make way for nuclear families. The nabonron, a form of local mutual aid, has disappeared. The labor force now comes from the nuclear family with a greater role for women, cash benefits and the use of chemicals in agriculture.

A Holistic Assessment of Education City in Doha

2018 ◽  
pp. 228-247
Author(s):  
Ali A. Alraouf
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Knowledge Dissemination ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Holistic Assessment ◽  
Education City ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Qatar, while developing its vision for the future, decided to adopt the knowledge economy as the new pillar for its economy and development. The chapter focuses on examining the impact of the one of the main and iconic national mega project in the capital Doha, the project named Education City (EC). The chapter scrutinizes EC's contribution to a more resilient future for Qatar. The chapter assesses the relative roles of such an influential project in preparing or hindering Qatar's moving towards the post-carbon paradigm. The project is examined using multilayered criteria, which include achieving urban diversity, relevance to knowledge-based urban development, supporting the diversification of the local economy, and accommodating multicultural society. The chapter concludes that education city is the most crucial urban projects in Qatar geared towards sustaining the knowledge economy as it creates ripples of change, knowledge dissemination, and a culture of innovation and creativity within the city.

Help whom and help what? Intergenerational co-residence and the gender differences in time use among dual-earner households in Beijing, China

Urban Studies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 2058-2074
Author(s):  
Na Ta ◽  
Zhilin Liu ◽  
Yanwei Chai
Keyword(s):  
Time Use ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Dual Earner ◽  
Gendered Patterns ◽  
Household Labour ◽  
The Impact

An extensive literature has documented the conflict between employment and household responsibilities and its impacts on the gendered patterns of daily activities in dual-earner households. However, most studies have focused exclusively on the division of household labour in nuclear households, with insufficient attention paid to the impact of alternative household strategies such as co-residence with extended family members. This article investigates the extent to which the presence of elderly parents shifts gendered activity patterns and even reduces the gender inequality in time use in urban China. By drawing on an activity diary survey conducted in Beijing in 2012, we compare and contrast the gendered patterns in time use between nuclear family households and extended family households. We find that co-residence mitigates the tension between employment and household responsibilities for women and leads to greater gender equality in the division of household labour and a reduced gender gap in the time spent on employment. However, co-residence only enables women to shift their time allocation from household responsibilities to employment rather than to pursue discretionary activities, and therefore its positive role is limited. We further discuss the policy implications given the limitations of intergenerational co-residence as an individual-based solution for childcare and other social services in transitional urban China.

scholarly journals Wife's Labor Force Participation and Family Expenditures for Prepared Food, Food Prepared at Home, and Food Away from Home

1996 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo M. Nayga
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Home Ownership ◽  
Consumer Expenditure ◽  
Food Away From Home ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Food Expenditures ◽  
The One ◽  
Prepared Food ◽  
The Impact ◽  
At Home

This study examines the effects of a wife's participation in the labor force and other socioeconomic factors on family expenditures for prepared food, food prepared at home, and food away from home using the Bureau of Labor Statistics 1992 consumer expenditure survey. On the one hand, results indicate that the number of children, home ownership with mortgage, seasonality, region, wife's age, and income are important determinants of expenditures on food prepared at home. A wife's education and participation in the labor force, on the other hand, affect expenditures on prepared food and food away from home. The impact of both these factors is greater on food away from home than on prepared food expenditures.

Motivation Matters: Shelter Workers and Residents in the Late Capitalist Era

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-12
Author(s):  
Hillary Haldane
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Family Networks ◽  
The Public ◽  
Shelter Workers ◽  
The One ◽  
Family Folklore ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Social Safety Nets

Domestic violence shelters are a product of a capitalist order; a response to a political-economic system that has seen shrinking extended family networks and disappearing social safety nets. In our contemporary era, the head of the household is responsible for the financial well-being of the family. There are fewer familial and communal systems of support. The isolation of the nuclear family is compounded by the circulation through popular culture and our own family folklore of the myth of the one true love, undying passion and lifelong happiness. This lifelong happiness is disrupted by families that don't follow the mythical narrative: divorce, death before children reproduce, when one generation cannot ‘naturally’ take over from the one that came before. When things go wrong, we are increasingly forced to turn outside our kinnetworks for assistance. Shelters are designed to provide a safe haven for women experiencing violence when there is nowhere else to go. When interested members of the public ask, "Why does she stay?" it is because shelters have become the obvious place the victim is supposed to go. Beyond providing respite from the abuse, shelters are increasingly viewed as the space where a transformation takes place—the replacing of unproductive victims with able bodied survivors, survivors to be healthfully put back into the system, revitalized and productive members of society read workforce.

scholarly journals Defining the family of a child with disabilities

KANT ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-451
Author(s):  
Veronika Filippova
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Social Institution ◽  
Family Characteristics ◽  
Educational Impact ◽  
The Family ◽  
Rehabilitation Potential ◽  
Developmental Resource ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact

The article provides an overview of the scientific literature, concepts of psychologists, teachers, sociologists who define the family as a social institution, small group or system. The forms and types of families are considered depending on social development, educational impact on the child, and the composition of members. The definition of the family of a child with disabilities is given by describing the features of difficult life situations and the phenomenon of family. As a result, it is concluded that the family of a child with disabilities on the one hand meets the totality of family characteristics as a social phenomenon, and on the other has its own characteristics due to the impact on its life activity of having a child with disabilities. For this reason, the family can both become the main developmental resource for the child, and limit its rehabilitation potential.

scholarly journals Migrant Childcare: Transferring the Functions of the Nuclear Family to Extended Families in Sampang Madura

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merlia Indah Prastiwi
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Illegal Migrants ◽  
Migrant Families ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Care Of Elderly ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Additional Income

Madura is a unique, multicultural area comprised of of 4 districts namely Bangkalan, Sampang, Pamekasan, and Sumenep. With a significant amount of poverty in the Madura region, it is not surprising that so many Madurese people have become migrant workers, both raising their social status and providing additional income for their families. In Sampang, which is the location of this study, there are a lot of migrant workers who travel to other countries to make a decent living. The number is not certain in real terms, because there are many among the Sampang community who become illegal migrants. Being a migrant has a significant impact on childcare as while the financial needs of the children are met, their familial life is often less satisfactory as they are left to the care of elderly grandparents or members of the extended family. The lack of hands on parental involvement has contributed to a rise in juvenile delinquency among TKI / TKW children. Using qualitative research, and focusing on Sampang Madura as the largest contributor to the number of migrants throughout Madura, this study aims to determine the transition of nuclear family functions in migrant families and determine the impact arising from this transfer, as well as adaptations by migrant families to minimize the impact of nuclear family function transfer. The importance of further research to study the adaptation strategies of migrant families in managing children, given the increasing number of TKI / TKW who have children Keywords: Migrant Childcare, Sampang, juvenile delinquency

scholarly journals A Comparison between Traditional Chinese and Western Marriage Culture

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muqi Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Family Relations ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Large Family ◽  
Social Institution ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Ancestor Worship ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Underlying Causes

Marriage is the most fundamental social institution in human society. Applying the comparative method, this paper aims at analyzing within the scope of marital and familial aspects of Chinese and Western culture, revealing specifically the underlying causes of the differences demonstrated in traditional Chinese and Western marriage culture. The paper finds that behind the apparent ritual practices, China and the West have different principles and priorities rooted in their ideological distinctions, namely, the differences in ethical foundations as well as family values. Chinese people, under the overwhelming influence of Confucian doctrines, regard parents as the sole authority in marriage, and ancestor worship has become the ultimate goal in the whole process, urging couples to conform to an extended family. In contrast, their western counterparts give priority to religious significance, and marriage is viewed as a divine unity of the two, which can be independent from large family relations thus forming a nuclear family of their own.

Children as Providers and Recipients of Support

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónica Ruiz-Casares ◽  
Shelene Gentz ◽  
Jesse Beatson
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Family Dynamics ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Basic Needs ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The State ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

Processes associated with the formation of child-headed households (CHH) are complex. Findings are mixed with regard to the impact of living in CHHs on children. On the one hand, children in CHHs do not necessarily have more unmet basic needs than do peers in adult-headed households and, in fact, have more opportunities to develop self-esteem and care for others. Nonetheless, children in CHHs confront specific challenges to their well-being. This chapter summarizes the state of the literature pertaining to CHHs, with a particular focus on CHHs as indicators of “the breakdown of the extended family” as a safety net. The authors present two case studies from Namibia that illustrate changes in children’s relationships and other aspects of the CHH experience and explore immediate and deferred reciprocity as a measure of accessibility and strength of their relationships and as an indicator of the changing status of children and family dynamics.

scholarly journals Can Naturbanization Promote Environmentally Friendly Built-Up Areas? A Comparison Between Cadí-Moixeró (Catalonia, Spain) and Comana (Romania) Natural Parks

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 679-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoni-Francesc Tulla ◽  
Ilinca-Valentina Stoica ◽  
Marta Pallarès-Blanch ◽  
Daniela Zamfir
Keyword(s):  
Local Development ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Social Perspectives ◽  
Natural Parks ◽  
Local Actors ◽  
Parks Management ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The study compares the on-going naturbanization processes in and around two Natural Parks under the impact of newcomers, but also tourists from Barcelona and Bucharest and their metropolitan areas. The landscape value of these areas attracts the urban population, which contributes to local sustainable development process but also promotes construction. New businesses associated with rural multifunctionality and value-added activities related to environmental quality were identified. New residents have contributed introducing responsible patterns of consumer, ecoentrepreneurship by women, recovery of abandoned buildings and intensification of rural-urban relationships. Negative impacts such as intensive construction of second homes, with a lower use, in some areas around Cadí-Moixeró threaten biodiversity and habitat connectivity. Insufficient integration of environmental policies, particularly in the Comana wetlands, reduces the potential for rural renewal. Research methods included a review of the counterurbanization literature and the statistical data related to processes of naturbanization in both areas, along with the conduct of 30 structured interviews with key local actors in each area. Naturbanization still offers the potential to enhance local development; however, it is urgent to assess social perspectives in natural parks management in order to achieve environmentally friendly built-up areas.

Gender and Migration-Driven Changes in Rural Eastern Romania. Migrants’ Perspectives

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ionela Vlase
Keyword(s):  
Durable Goods ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Migration Process ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cultural Transformations ◽  
Gender And Migration ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

Abstract: The article addresses the largely debated linkages between gender and migration, on the one hand, and the impact of migration on migrants’ society of origin, on the other hand. Based on multi-sited research conducted in a village from Eastern Romania and in Rome (the main destination of the population studied), this paper highlights gender differences in the participation to migration process and in the contribution of migrants to the socio-economic development of their society. Using a qualitative methodology based on semi-structured interviews with migrants and participant observations, the research reveals different meanings that migrants (women and men) invest in their actions (i.e. transfers of ideas, money or durable goods and set-up of small local businesses). This study contributes to the understanding of the gendered contribution of migrants to the economic and socio-cultural transformations of their society of origin.

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