Concentration and Nitrogen Stocks in the Soils of Semi-Arid Landscapes of Kizlyar Pastures

2020 ◽  
pp. 66-74
Author(s):  
Tatiana A. Asvarova ◽  
Gasan N. Gasanov ◽  
Kabirat B. Gimbatova ◽  
Kamil M. Hajiev ◽  
Rashid R. Bashirov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Humus Horizon ◽  
Control Area ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Chestnut Soils ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Current State ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
Arid Landscapes ◽  
Semi Arid

The results of research on the current state of the nitrogen fund (reserve regime) the Kizlyar pastures. It was found that the total nitrogen ranges from 0.15-0.2 %, nitrogen easily hydrolyzed from 2.4-5.3 mg/100g in light-chestnut, meadow-chestnut soils and saline typical, and has a medium and low degree of security. The humus horizon is more enriched with nitrogen on soils of meadow-chestnut and light-chestnut compared to typical saline. N and C reserves in the soil in spring are 5.0 and 13.4 t/ha, respectively, and in autumn N and C reserves are 1.5 times lower, due to decrease the number of species and projected coverage up to 40-50% of phytocenoses in autumn, and also depends on the climatic conditions of the annual seasonality. In the control area with intensive grazing, nitrogen and carbon reserves in the soil are 1.6-1.8 times lower.

MODERN PROCESSES OF DEGRADATION AND DESERTIFICATION ARID LANDSCAPES OF THE CHECHEN REPUBLIC: ASSESSMENT AND MAPPING

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Idris Bairakov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Current State ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Arid Landscapes

The geoecological analysis of the current state of arid landscapes of the Chechen Republic has shown that the natural and climatic conditions of their functioning are extremely diverse, despite the relatively small territory. However, starting from the second half of the last century, climatic conditions began to change sharply in the direction of aridization, which coincided with the stage of the greatest anthropogenic impact, mainly grazing of small cattle. This has intensified the processes of desertification, taking on an irreversible character in the Central and North-Eastern parts, which is reflected in the maps.

scholarly journals Interannual variability of productive aspects of bean culture in a municipality in the Semi-arid region of Alagoas, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
J. P. O. Santos ◽  
L. E. L. Bulhões ◽  
P. H. A. Cartaxo ◽  
K. S. Gonzaga ◽  
A. B. T. M. Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interannual Variability ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
Recovery System ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of the most cultivated and consumed legumes worldwide. Brazil is one of the world's largest producers of this crop, which constitutes an important primary source of protein in the diet of its population. In the Northeast region, this legume is a key crop, especially for small family farmers. However, this region has high production susceptibility, which is mainly due to local climatic conditions and the low degree of technification employed. In this sense, the objective of this study was to analyze the productive variations of the bean crop in the municipality of Dois Riachos, Semi-arid of Alagoas, in the period 1998-2015. The production data were obtained from the IBGE Municipal Agricultural Production database, using the Automatic Recovery System (SIDRA), and subjected to correlation analysis and principal component analysis (PCA). The results showed high interannual variability in the production of beans, reflected in the strong oscillation of the analyzed variables. Significant correlations were observed between all variables. The PCA gathered 93.8% of the original data variance in its first two axes, generating 4 clusters that grouped years with similar productive characteristics. The reductions observed for the variables may be linked mainly to abiotic factors, such as the occurrence of prolonged droughts, and the low degree of technification used for this culture.

Technological and Economic Aspects of Intensive Gardening Development in Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-36
Author(s):  
L.A. Velibekova ◽  
◽  
Sh.M. Magomedgadgiev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Healthy Lifestyles ◽  
Current State ◽  
Nursery Management ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Key Industry ◽  
Fruit Plantations

The article notes that the growing popularity of healthy lifestyles contributes to the increase in consumption of fruits and berries. At the same time, the analysis of the dynamics of the gardening industry for 2000-2018 shows that the problem of providing fresh fruits and berries to the population remains one of the most important. Based on actual data, linear and logarithmic models of time series of key industry indicators for the period 2010 – 2019 have been compiled. Calculations showed that in the Russian Federation as a whole the trend of reduction of sown areas of perennial fruit plantations will continue with growth of yield and gross fees. In this regard, the issues of distribution and introduction of gardens of intensive type are updated. An overview of the views of domestic scientists-gardeners on the concept of “intensive garden” is given. It has been established that the distribution of intensive gardens is possible only if there are favorable natural and climatic conditions and a developed scientific and production base of nursery management. The current state and problems of gardening in one of the leading regions – the Republic of Dagestan - are considered. A significant technological lag of region in the further development of intensive horticulture has been identified. Various directions of intensification process in horticulture as the main and necessary condition of growth of efficient and sustainable production are summarized.

scholarly journals Effect of Temperature on Sowing Dates of Wheat under Arid and Semi-Arid Climatic Regions and Impact Quantification of Climate Change through Mechanistic Modeling with Evidence from Field

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 927
Author(s):  
Jamshad Hussain ◽  
Tasneem Khaliq ◽  
Muhammad Habib ur Rahman ◽  
Asmat Ullah ◽  
Ishfaq Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Seasonal Temperature ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Rcp 8.5 ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

Rising temperature from climate change is the most threatening factor worldwide for crop production. Sustainable wheat production is a challenge due to climate change and variability, which is ultimately a serious threat to food security in Pakistan. A series of field experiments were conducted during seasons 2013–2014 and 2014–2015 in the semi-arid (Faisalabad) and arid (Layyah) regions of Punjab-Pakistan. Three spring wheat genotypes were evaluated under eleven sowing dates from 16 October to 16 March, with an interval of 14–16 days in the two regions. Data for the model calibration and evaluation were collected from field experiments following the standard procedures and protocols. The grain yield under future climate scenarios was simulated by using a well-calibrated CERES-wheat model included in DSSAT v4.7. Future (2051–2100) and baseline (1980–2015) climatic data were simulated using 29 global circulation models (GCMs) under representative concentration pathway (RCP) 8.5. These GCMs were distributed among five quadrants of climatic conditions (Hot/Wet, Hot/Dry, Cool/Dry, Cool/Wet, and Middle) by a stretched distribution approach based on temperature and rainfall change. A maximum of ten GCMs predicted the chances of Middle climatic conditions during the second half of the century (2051–2100). The average temperature during the wheat season in a semi-arid region and arid region would increase by 3.52 °C and 3.84 °C, respectively, under Middle climatic conditions using the RCP 8.5 scenario during the second half-century. The simulated grain yield was reduced by 23.5% in the semi-arid region and 35.45% in the arid region under Middle climatic conditions (scenario). Mean seasonal temperature (MST) of sowing dates ranged from 16 to 27.3 °C, while the mean temperature from the heading to maturity (MTHM) stage was varying between 12.9 to 30.4 °C. Coefficients of determination (R2) between wheat morphology parameters and temperature were highly significant, with a range of 0.84–0.96. Impacts of temperature on wheat sown on 15 March were found to be as severe as to exterminate the crop before heading. The spikes and spikelets were not formed under a mean seasonal temperature higher than 25.5 °C. In a nutshell, elevated temperature (3–4 °C) till the end-century can reduce grain yield by about 30% in semi-arid and arid regions of Pakistan. These findings are crucial for growers and especially for policymakers to decide on sustainable wheat production for food security in the region.

Patterns of territory settlement by Eurasian scops-owls (Otus scops) in altered semi-arid landscapes

2007 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 400-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.A. Martínez ◽  
I. Zuberogoitia ◽  
J.E. Martínez ◽  
J. Zabala ◽  
J.F. Calvo
Keyword(s):  
Arid Landscapes ◽  
Semi Arid

Pollen diversity and protein content in differentially degraded semi-arid landscapes in Kenya

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Pamela Ochungo ◽  
Ruan Veldtman ◽  
Rahab Kinyanjui ◽  
Elfatih M. Abdel-Rahman ◽  
Eliud Muli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Arid Landscapes ◽  
Semi Arid

Variation in climate determines differences in the effects of abiotic variables on the phytoplankton community in tropical ecosystems

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 357
Author(s):  
F. H. Portella Corrêa de Oliveira ◽  
A. N. Moura ◽  
Ê. W. Dantas
Keyword(s):  
Phytoplankton Community ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Cylindrospermopsis Raciborskii ◽  
Tropical Reservoirs ◽  
Physicochemical Variables ◽  
Abiotic Variables ◽  
Tropical Climates ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Canonical Analyses

The present study demonstrates the effects of abiotic variables on phytoplankton in two different tropical climates. Samples were taken from tropical reservoirs, including six from a tropical climate (As) and five from a semi-arid climate (BSh). Phytoplankton samples were identified, biomass was quantified and climatic and physicochemical variables were evaluated. Canonical analyses were performed in order to observe the effects of abiotic variables on phytoplankton. In both As and BSh ecosystems, the effects of the physicochemical variables were significant, but the synergistic effects between variables and climatic conditions were more pronounced in BSh. Micronutrients had a significant role in structuring the phytoplankton community in both As and BSh. In As, Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii occurred in the presence of lower concentrations of zinc and copper, whereas in BSh this species was present in the presence of higher concentrations of zinc. In the As climate, Geitlerinema amphibium, Cyclotella meneghiniana, Planktothrix agardhii and Microcystis aeruginosa were associated with higher sodium concentrations in the water, whereas in the BSh climate these species experienced lower rainfall. The findings of the present study show that climate determines the effects of abiotic variables on the phytoplankton community in both an independent and synergistic manner. In the present study, phytoplankton in tropical and semi-arid reservoirs is mostly regulated by nutrients, the effects of which vary according to climate.

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