scholarly journals Antonymy in an Advertising Slogan

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
Natalya B. Boeva-Omelechko
Keyword(s):  
Language Game ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Empirical Material

The relevance of this work is due to the priority of such research areas as pragmalinguistics, the theory of persuasion, the theory of antonymy and the linguistics of creativity, as well as the need of further investigation of expressive potential of antonymy in extremely popular advertising texts. The purpose of this work is to analyze the types of lexical, morphological, syntactic and text-based antonyms involved in creating advertising slogans in Russian and English linguistic cultures. According to the results of the analysis of empirical material, these types include lexical systemic and individual author’s antonyms, antonymic postpositions, prepositions, grammatical forms representing categorical oppositions, inter-part-ofspeech antonyms, utterances based on antonymic models, words and phrases semantically equivalent to antonyms that form oppositions in a coherent text. Special attention is paid to the pragmatics of slogans with antonyms and to the language game performed with the help of antonyms of different types, as well as to the sources of creating individual author’s antonyms (words with peripheral antonymic semes, words with different spheres of use and emotional and expressive coloring, synonyms that turn into antonyms, precedent phenomena). The author comes to the conclusion that the creators of slogans try in every possible way to make unusual antonymic oppositions filled with a new meaning.

scholarly journals Mobile Raman spectroscopy in astrobiology research

2014 ◽  
Vol 372 (2030) ◽  
pp. 20140202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Vandenabeele ◽  
Jan Jehlička
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Data Processing ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Target Molecules ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
Spectroscopy Research ◽  
Selection Of

Raman spectroscopy has proved to be a very useful technique in astrobiology research. Especially, working with mobile instrumentation during fieldwork can provide useful experiences in this field. In this work, we provide an overview of some important aspects of this research and, apart from defining different types of mobile Raman spectrometers, we highlight different reasons for this research. These include gathering experience and testing of mobile instruments, the selection of target molecules and to develop optimal data processing techniques for the identification of the spectra. We also identify the analytical techniques that it would be most appropriate to combine with Raman spectroscopy to maximize the obtained information and the synergy that exists with Raman spectroscopy research in other research areas, such as archaeometry and forensics.

Learning from complex and heterogeneous experiences: the role of knowledge codification

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 968-986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loubna Echajari ◽  
Catherine Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Organizational Learning ◽  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Knowledge Codification ◽  
Critical Realist ◽  
Different Types

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to study organizational learning from complex and heterogeneous experiences. According to March (2010), this kind of high intellect learning is difficult to accomplish because it requires deliberate investments in knowledge transfer and creation. Zollo and Winter (2002) emphasized how knowledge codification can facilitate this process, as long as it is “well-performed”. However, knowledge management scholars have yet to explore what is meant by well-performed codification and how to achieve it. Design/methodology/approach – This paper addresses this gap and provides a conceptual analysis based on two related but previously disconnected research areas: organizational learning and knowledge management. Findings – This paper contributes to the literature in three ways. First, a new understanding of different types of experiences and their effects on learning is proposed. Then the codification process using a critical realist paradigm to overcome the epistemological boundaries of knowledge versus knowing is discussed; in doing so, it is shown that codification can take different forms to be “well-performed”. Finally, appropriate codification strategies based on experience type are identified. Originality/value – The abstraction-oriented codification outlined in this paper runs counter to the logic of concrete codification that dominates both theory and practice. Thus, going beyond the traditional debate on the degree of codification (i.e. should knowledge be fully codified or just partly codified), this paper introduced a new debate about the appropriate degree of abstraction.

scholarly journals A Custom-made MATLAB Based Software to Manage Leakage Current Waveforms

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Pylarinos
Keyword(s):  
Leakage Current ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Current Waveform ◽  
Public Power ◽  
Measuring Systems ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Outdoor Insulators ◽  
User Friendly

Leakage current (LC) monitoring is a widely employed tool for monitoring the performance of high voltage insulators. LC waveform monitoring is required to acquire a view of the phenomena experienced since the type of LC waveform’s shape is correlated with different types of electrical activity. In case of field monitoring, specially designed measuring systems, capable of operating under field conditions, have to be installed. The Greek Public Power Corporation (PPC) has issued a large project for monitoring the performance of outdoor insulators. A commercially available LC measuring system, was purchased and installed by PPC. The system was able to monitor various outdoor insulators, record several statistical values and intermittently record a LC waveform. The provided software lacked some capabilities that were required for certain research areas and a custom made software had to be developed. In this paper, two stand-alone MATLAB based softwares, “Leakage Current Waveform File Converter” and “Leakage Current Waveform Viewer”, both equipped with a user friendly GUI, are presented. The first software was developed in order to automatically convert multiple files from the CSV format (as extracted from the measuring system) to the MAT format in order to allow data compactness and further processing. The latter software was developed in order to offer a tool for collective viewing, printing and extraction to JPEG format, of LC waveforms in groups of user-defined numbers. The latter function gives the opportunity for easy and fast creation of waveform archives.

scholarly journals The Pragmatic Effect of Partial Enantiosemy in a Comic Context

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-68
Author(s):  
Marina F. Shatskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Professional Community ◽  
Language Game ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Community Or ◽  
The Core ◽  
High Level ◽  
Large Groups ◽  
Empirical Material

This article analyses the mechanism of development of evaluative enantionyms in a comic context. The study aims to describe the pragmatic effect created by enantionyms and identify the reasons behind it. The empirical material was selected from the works of the following modern writers: S. Dovlatov, A. Snegirev, and E. Popov. The author of this paper observed the transformations of lexical units in the conditions of a language-game and subsequently analysed the obtained data. The following was established: as a result of the occasional use of lexemes and the development of partial enantiosemy within them, the core of the unit of language-game (a type of dicteme) gets marked. This pragmatic focus leads to connotative recoding, which is based on shifting the object of evaluation and/or on the functioning of several evaluation subjects that differ in their point of view on a situation. The most active in this process are lexemes that have a high level of semantic abstraction and a fairly wide combinability and present most general evaluations of objects and phenomena of reality that occupy extreme positions on the axiological scale. This paradigmatic phenomenon is less frequently observed in words that have more concrete meanings and are somewhat limited in terms of their lexical and/or semantic valence. Thus, under abnormal contextual conditions, enantionyms that developed in the course of the abovementioned processes become markers of the core of a language-game unit and take on the qualities of a pragmeme. Thematically, units of a language-game are quite diverse; however, their most frequent axiological characteristic is as follows: the utilitarian values and evaluations of an individual collide with those generally accepted and declared by large groups of people (the state, professional community or other environment).

scholarly journals A Large-scale Analysis of Mixed Initiative in Information-Seeking Dialogues for Conversational Search

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
Svitlana Vakulenko ◽  
Evangelos Kanoulas ◽  
Maarten De Rijke
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Scale Analysis ◽  
Virtual Reference ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Large Scale Analysis ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Future Data ◽  
Mixed Initiative

Conversational search is a relatively young area of research that aims at automating an information-seeking dialogue. In this article, we help to position it with respect to other research areas within conversational artificial intelligence (AI) by analysing the structural properties of an information-seeking dialogue. To this end, we perform a large-scale dialogue analysis of more than 150K transcripts from 16 publicly available dialogue datasets. These datasets were collected to inform different dialogue-based tasks including conversational search. We extract different patterns of mixed initiative from these dialogue transcripts and use them to compare dialogues of different types. Moreover, we contrast the patterns found in information-seeking dialogues that are being used for research purposes with the patterns found in virtual reference interviews that were conducted by professional librarians. The insights we provide (1) establish close relations between conversational search and other conversational AI tasks and (2) uncover limitations of existing conversational datasets to inform future data collection tasks.

scholarly journals Odia Characters and Numerals Recognition using Hopfield Neural Network Based on Zoning Feature

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 4928-4937 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Character Recognition ◽  
Optical Character Recognition ◽  
Hopfield Neural Network ◽  
Hopfield Network ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Classification Tasks ◽  
Text Version

Odia character and digits recognition area are vital issues of these days in computer vision. In this paper a Hope field neural network design to solve the printed Odia character recognition has been discussed. Optical Character Recognition (OCR) is the principle of applying conversion of the pictures from handwritten, printed or typewritten to machine encoded text version. Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) trained as a classifier and it had been trained, supported the rule of Hopfield Network by exploitation code designed within the MATLAB. Preprocessing of data (image acquisition, binarization, skeletonization, skew detection and correction, image cropping, resizing, implementation and digitalization) all these activities have been carried out using MATLAB. The OCR, designed a number of the thought accuses non-standard speech for different types of languages. Segmentation, feature extraction, classification tasks is the well-known techniques for reviewing of Odia characters and outlined with their weaknesses, relative strengths. It is expected that who are interested to figure within the field of recognition of Odia characters are described in this paper. Recognition of Odia printed characters, numerals, machine characters of research areas finds costly applications within the banks, industries, offices. In this proposed work we devolve an efficient and robust mechanism in which Odia characters are recognized by the Hopfield Neural Networks (HNN).

scholarly journals Correlations of Regional Geotechnical Parameters on the Basis of CPTU and DMT Tests

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Godlewski ◽  
Małgorzata Wszędyrówny-Nast
Keyword(s):  
Field Research ◽  
Geotechnical Parameters ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Genetic Types ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Direct Results ◽  
Interpretation Of Results

The requirements for field research for Polish conditions demand proper dependences. Dependences based on more than 30 localizations for different genetic types of soils were derived for the area of Poland. Direct results from CPT, DMT and profiles from boreholes have been collected at the test sites for individual localization. For interpretation of results, dependences and diagrams of CPTU versus DMT were created. Correlations on the background of results from literature for different types of soils for numerous research areas were collected, with established dependences for Polish grounds conditions. Additionally some recommendations for the interpretation of the results from CPTU and DMT tests for analysed soils have been proposed.

Subjectlessness in «Solitary Thoughts» by V.V. Rozanov as a Means of Expressing the Subjective

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
E. Demidova ◽  
Yu. Martynenko
Keyword(s):  
Personal Experience ◽  
Language Game ◽  
Language Function ◽  
Rhetorical Question ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Innovative Fiction ◽  
Traditional Language ◽  
Stylistic Function

The article examines the expression of subjectlessness in « Solitary Thoughts» by V.V. Rozanov, a work of an innovative language and genre form. The genre peculiarities of the work determine a significant number of one-part sentences that are used by the writer in the traditional language function. At the same time, the author's style is most characterized by the combination of different types of these sentences in one paragraph. A very important function of these structures in the text is the stylistic function. The reception of anaphora is based on one-part sentences; expressive antonymy in their structure; on the basis of these constructions, a rhetorical question and a language game are built; an original and unexpected metaphor; examples of the author's word creation are also noted on the basis of one-part structures. This type of sentences is also used to create an ironic effect. The methods of using one-piece structures reflect the uniqueness and originality of the artistic world of V.V. Rozanov. Subjectlessness acts as a means of expressing the intimate author's principle, deep personal experience, which has a mystical, metaphysical nature of «truly Russian, Russian element». On the basis of the explication of the leading compositional-speech dominants and the specifics of their linguistic embodiment at the syntactic level of the language, innovative fiction is represented in the work. This allows us to consider the work of V.V. Rozanov as a high example, which reflected the richest intellectual and emotional world of the author himself.

scholarly journals Horses for courses: analytical tools to explore planetary boundaries

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 267-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Detlef P. van Vuuren ◽  
Paul L. Lucas ◽  
Tiina Häyhä ◽  
Sarah E. Cornell ◽  
Mark Stafford-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Research Question ◽  
Global Environmental Change ◽  
Planetary Boundaries ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
Response Strategies ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Different Response ◽  
Analytical Tools

Abstract. There is a need for more integrated research on sustainable development and global environmental change. In this paper, we focus on the planetary boundaries framework to provide a systematic categorization of key research questions in relation to avoiding severe global environmental degradation. The four categories of key questions are those that relate to (1) the underlying processes and selection of key indicators for planetary boundaries, (2) understanding the impacts of environmental pressure and connections between different types of impacts, (3) better understanding of different response strategies to avoid further degradation, and (4) the available instruments to implement such strategies. Clearly, different categories of scientific disciplines and associated model types exist that can accommodate answering these questions. We identify the strength and weaknesses of different research areas in relation to the question categories, focusing specifically on different types of models. We discuss that more interdisciplinary research is need to increase our understanding by better linking human drivers and social and biophysical impacts. This requires better collaboration between relevant disciplines (associated with the model types), either by exchanging information or by fully linking or integrating them. As fully integrated models can become too complex, the appropriate type of model (the racehorse) should be applied for answering the target research question (the race course).

scholarly journals Nano-Neurotheranostics: Impact of Nanoparticles on Neural Dysfunctions and Strategies to Reduce Toxicity for Improved Efficacy

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiluka Vinod ◽  
Srikanta Jena
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
Neural Tissues ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Neural Dysfunctions ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Imaging Mechanisms

Nanotheranostics is one of the emerging research areas in the field of nanobiotechnology offering exciting promises for diagnosis, bio-separation, imaging mechanisms, hyperthermia, phototherapy, chemotherapy, drug delivery, gene delivery, among other uses. The major criteria for any nanotheranostic-materials is 1) to interact with proteins and cells without meddling with their basic activities, 2) to maintain their physical properties after surface modifications and 3) must be nontoxic. One of the challenging targets for nanotheranostics is the nervous system with major hindrances from the neurovascular units, the functional units of blood-brain barrier. As blood-brain barrier is crucial for protecting the CNS from toxins and metabolic fluctuations, most of the synthetic nanomaterials cannot pass through this barrier making it difficult for diagnosing or targeting the cells. Biodegradable nanoparticles show a promising role in this aspect. Certain neural pathologies have compromised barrier creating a path for most of the nanoparticles to enter into the cells. However, such carriers may pose a risk of side effects to non-neural tissues and their toxicity needs to be elucidated at preclinical levels. This article reviews about the different types of nanotheranostic strategies applied in nervous dysfunctions. Further, the side effects of these carriers are reviewed and appropriate methods to test the toxicity of such nano-carriers are suggested to improve the effectiveness of nano-carrier based diagnosis and treatments.

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