scholarly journals Comparative history in humanities’ teaching in Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
Mykhailo Kirsenko ◽  
Tetiana Balabushevych
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
History Teaching ◽  
East Central ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research And Teaching ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The World ◽  
Hybrid War ◽  
Minimal Information

History as a Magistra Vitae encompasses a lot of mutually complementing research and teaching subjects. It should be taught step by step from local and simple items up to global generalizations taking into account the age, educational level, and professional interests of audience. The pupils at the primary and secondary schools learn at first about their native towns or districts, later in more detail about their motherland as a whole, and common patterns of Europe with just basic names and data of the World. The higher schools are to combine minimal information of history necessary for any civilized human being with emphasized attention at the respective fields’ past separately for future lawyers, physicians, engineers, etc. In Ukraine as an extremely exhausted nation it is crucially important to break deeply rooted complex of inferiority, to prove indivisibility of domestic history with East-Central and the rest of Europe. We should overcome as soon as possible a situation when large territories had been devastated by Holodomor and colonized by alien settlers from other parts of the Soviet Union after this genocide. The newcomers’ offspring gradually will get accommodated to their new homeland yet during Transition they are an easy target for destructive impacts from abroad. To counteract subversive propaganda, we need highly educated teachers and lecturers. The pro-European liberals in Ukraine had been exterminated by notorious totalitarian purges or forced to exile and replaced by mercenaries of Russian revanchist forces. The huge traditional Universities hardly can be reformed and modernized, as they inherited stereotypes and prejudices from the past. Newly created, seemingly more flexible and certainly less corrupted higher schools attract capable and ambitious people yet their alumni feel temptation of more easy opportunities. Ukraine needs patriots now more than ever desperately fighting for survival against aggressor in current Hybrid war. The prospects look optimistic, yet for the time being it requires a lot of efforts. History teaching becomes still more important to promote unity of interdependent philological, historical, political, and state making generations of national rebirth aimed at the repatriation to modernity.

scholarly journals Post-Soviet Heritages in the Making

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1080-1088
Author(s):  
Gertjan Plets
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Memory Studies ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The World ◽  
Special Collection ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Sphere Of Influence ◽  
Made In ◽  
Post Soviet Space

Despite the growing interest in post-Soviet space (the countries formerly located in the Soviet Union or its sphere of influence) in the field of memory studies, researchers have only just begun to the study how ‘things and practices’ from the past are mobilized, institutionalized and repackaged in this particular part of the world. This special collection explores how heritage is being made in a highly diverse and multicultural space where Soviet modernist conceptions of culture and identity interact with local deeply rooted attitudes as well as post-Soviet economic and political challenges.

Diplomacy and Revolution: The Dialectics of a Dispute

1961 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Richard Lowenthal
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Great Powers ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The World ◽  
Soviet Foreign Policy ◽  
First Time ◽  
Total Impact

The policy declaration and the appeal to the peoples of the world adopted last December by the Moscow conference of eighty-one Communist parties mark the end of one phase in the dispute between the leaderships of the ruling parties of China and the Soviet Union—the phase in which the followers of Mao for the first time openly challenged the standing of the Soviet Communists as the fountain-head of ideological orthodoxy for the world movement. But the “ideological dispute” which began in April was neither a sudden nor a self-contained development: it grew out of acute differences between the two Communist Great Powers over concrete diplomatic issues, and it took its course in constant interaction with the changes in Soviet diplomatic tactics. Hence the total impact of that phase on Soviet foreign policy on one side, and on the ideology, organisation and strategy of international Communism on the other, cannot be evaluated from an interpretation of the Moscow documents alone, but only from a study of the process as a whole, as it developed during the past year on both planes.

scholarly journals “What Ghosts are Haunting us Today?” Slavoj Žižek’s The Relevance of the Communist Manifesto in Post-Pandemic Capitalist Realism. The Revolutionary Subject and Work

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-88
Author(s):  
Vlad-Eugen Neagu
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Authoritarian Regimes ◽  
Eastern Bloc ◽  
Original Text ◽  
Communist Manifesto ◽  
Global System ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The World

However controversial a topic, Marxist thought still remains the most complex tool for the critique of Capitalism. Derrida calls Marxism “hauntological”, always reappearing as a spectre of the past, always quasipresent, but also as a potential lost future. After the dismantling of the Soviet Union and the Eastern Bloc, the relevance of The Communist Manifesto seemed to have slowly waned, in a world that adopted the tenets of Neoliberalism partly as a defense against authoritarian regimes, and partly as a mean to converge toward the countries at the forefront of the global system, that had already accrued a massive lead in economic and social development. The Covid-19 virus has shocked the world to its core, but it remains to be seen whether it has brought about a paradigm shift or it has merely accentuated some of the past problems, while also triggering a kind of forced nostalgia for the apparent normality of a system that was already ridden with issues. Mark Fisher points out that “it’s easier to imagine the end of the world than the end of capitalism” (Fisher 1), thus indicating the need for criticism and measures against a neoliberal monopoly on thought itself. As for Žižek’s The Relevance of the Communist Manifesto, it remains to be analyzed whether it can revive the interest in the original text, as to begin compounding a viable alternative for a postpandemic global system that does not yet seem to fully grasp that it is running out of time.

scholarly journals Linguophilosophical Bases of Times Intersection in Documentary Artistic Prose of Svetlana Aleksievich

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 343-345
Author(s):  
Yevgeniya Arzieyva
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Temporal Perspective ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The World ◽  
Tragic Event ◽  
Linguistic Means

The article touches on the problem of the intersection of temporal layers and the interdependence of time and space, transmitted in modern documentary and artistic prose through a palette of language tools. This problem is considered on the material of the work of Svetlana Aleksievich “Chernobyl Prayer”, in which the tragic event in the territory of Eastern Europe (modern Ukraine), which was the techno genic catastrophe at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, is transmitted in the form of the polyphony of its involuntary participants. Fragments of the past in the Christian picture of the world are interpreted by the author of the work in the context of the philosophy “for our sins”, against which the temporal perspective of the participants of the event is presented as an apocalypse. The complex of linguistic means in combination with the genre singularity allows us to convey the main idea of the work that the gap in time leads to the collapse of the single space that the Soviet Union was.

Recent Trends in Preserved Natural Areas in the U.S.S.R.

1977 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip R. Pryde
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Ecosystem Management ◽  
Natural Areas ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Large Expansion ◽  
The World ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
The Creation

Large natural preserves, known as zapovedniki, represent the main territorial entities employed in biosphere preservation in the Soviet Union. In the past decade, a large expansion of the zapovedniki system has taken place, 35 new preserves totalling 4,477,000 ha having been created. In all, the system totalled (in 1976) 107 preserves covering about nine million hectares. The period since 1970 has also seen the creation of the U.S.S.R.'s first three national parks, one in each of the three Baltic republics.Both zapovedniki and national parks in the Soviet Union are still in the process of having uniform administrative policies formulated for their management, which represents a difficult task in view of the fact that they have traditionally been managed by a wide variety of concerned agencies.The zapovedniki network represents one of the great biosphere preservation systems of the world, and remaining problems associated with ecosystem management, tourism, economic uses, and administrative coordination, are being given thoughtful attention.

The Political Economy of Postsocialism

Slavic Review ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 756-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie Bunce
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
The Political ◽  
Southern Europe ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The World

There were two good reasons to expect that developments after socialism, whether in the former Soviet Union or in east central Europe, would follow a roughly similar course. The first was the homogenizing effects of the socialist experience. In contrast to other regions of the world, such as Latin America and southern Europe, where dictatorships had also given way to more liberalized orders, the socialist regimes of eastern Europe and the Soviet Union were remarkably alike in their form and functioning.

Kharkiv: The Past Lives On

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 324-351
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Kravchenko
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Local Population ◽  
State Building ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Hybrid War ◽  
Local Traditions ◽  
The City

Why was Kharkiv assigned the role of an alternative political capital of Ukraine during the Euromaidan revolution of 2014? Why did this plan fail? In this article the author tries to answer these questions by exploring Kharkiv’s role and place in the regional context of ongoing Ukrainian nation-state building in the historical perspective, focusing on the period after the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Issues of regional geopolitics on the Ukrainian-Russian border as well as the changing symbolic landscape of the city are explored. The proactive role of the central authorities as well as specific local traditions and identity played their roles in keeping Kharkiv on the sidelines of the “hybrid war” that engulfed the Donbas. The modernization matrix that promoted Kharkiv’s growth from a provincial town into a regional leader prevailed over the rhetoric of Russian nationalism employed by Putin’s regime during the annexation of the Crimea. At the same time, social apathy and national ambivalence, so typical of a borderland zone, also prevented the local population from falling into political extremes. Kharkiv’s cultural space continues to be a battlefield of competing discourses, each of which has been projected into the past and the future.

U. S. Foreign Policy and the Balance of Power

1948 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-83
Author(s):  
Robert Strausz-Hupe
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Balance Of Power ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Exact Science ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The World ◽  
Historical Developments

International politics, like nature, is a system of processes. There are no simple causes and effects of historical developments. The record of the past tends to determine the present — until circumstance intervenes. Peoples, like individuals, are at the mercy of what is called chance, and an apparently meaningless combination of circumstances may frustrate the culmination of long-developed tendencies. Tendency is conservative of past forms, and circumstance may appear formless, but their balanced interplay is the source of novel forms. It is only within the frame of reference of these three terms — tendency, circumstance and novelty — that forecasting future developments can derive its warrant from an exact science of prediction. The basic conflict between the United States and the Soviet Union is the central issue of world politics. Sir Halford Mackinder's celebrated theorem — the juxtaposition of the continental empire of Eurasia and the Oceanic Powers, and the contest over the vast rimland interposed be-between the “heartland” and the littoral of Eurasia — is today as brilliant a summation of the world strategic problem as it was forty years ago when it was first propounded.

scholarly journals FACTORS OF IMAGINATIVE AND SEMANTIC INVERSION OF ARCHETYPAL STRUCTURES OF CONSCIOUSNESS HUMAN AND OF THE ENVIRONMENT IN THE METHOD AND STYLE OF SOCREALISM

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-124
Author(s):  
Kramarchuk Kh. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
Human Consciousness ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The World ◽  
Change Of Consciousness ◽  
Socialist Utopia ◽  
The Temple ◽  
Dual Models

Thіs article is an attempt to highlight the factors of formation in art of the method and style of total socialrealism as a method of substitution. The basic factors are the contradictions of the consciousness of the Russian ethnos, which are due to the inability of semantic essential distinction of the main oppositional categories of existence. The historical organicity of the Russian mentality in the socialist and communist forms of existence has revealed, as well as the historical organicity of the method of substitutions in the construction of antagonistic models of worldview. This method of substitution will become basic in the style of socialist realism. Certain figurative and semantic inversions of archetypal structures of human consciousness and the environment of the period of Soviet totalitarianism are revealed and characterized: eschatological dimension of Eternity / time category of bright future; the truth / the untruth; sacred (theological) / profane; relative / absolute; spiritual / material; the hero / the anti-hero; destruction of the past / future; existence in spirit / existence in political ideology. These substitutions led to the development of certain unified iconographic schemes in art and, in particular, in architecture: residential complexes (communities), giant pedestal buildings (sculpture building), a step-increasing volume of public buildings like to the temple. Forcible change of the picture of the world generates hyper-reality, where is desired seems real. The violent change of consciousness of nations in the Soviet Union, built on the principles of antagonistic dual models of worldview with their moral and semantic indistinguishability, could not give rise to projects of utopias as projects of evolution. The inversion of archetypal structures in socialist utopia is essentially anti-utopian.

Communism, Nationalism and the Growth of the Communist Community of Nations After World War II

1962 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 886-898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Shoup
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Nation State ◽  
Entire System ◽  
World War ◽  
National Community ◽  
The Past ◽  
Nation States ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The World

In the apocalyptic visions of Marx, the world revolution which was to destroy capitalist society was also to sweep away the entire system of nation-states, and in its place to substitute a world proletarian society, a new supra-national community ruled over by the victorious working class.Of all the prophecies of early Marxism, none proved more ill-founded than this belief in an international socialist order. The revolution, when it came, was confined to Russia. Only after the victories of the Soviet armies in World War II did it become possible to extend Communist rule beyond the borders of the Soviet Union. After less than two decades, this new international Communist community of nations has become divided into blocs of quarrelling states, and the goal of international Communism seems still distant. The Communists, like other universalistic movements of the past, have apparently proved incapable of surmounting the limits of the nation-state system they set out to destroy. Why?

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