scholarly journals Assessment of the ecological state of Kazan surface waters

Georesursy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 124-128
Author(s):  
Artur Shakirzyanov ◽  
Daria Petrova ◽  
Oksana Sofinskaya
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Software Package ◽  
The State ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Spring Period ◽  
Cluster Analysis Method ◽  
Urbanized Areas ◽  
Surface Water Bodies ◽  
The City

The study of the influence of technogenesis on the state of surface waters in urbanized areas is one of the most urgent ecological and social problems. For processing and analysis of hydrochemical indicators of surface water bodies of Kazan for the period 2014–2020 the generally accepted stasticial indicators, as well as the methods of multivariate statistics were used. Hydrochemical models were built using the ArcGisMap software package. The data were grouped using the cluster analysis method separately for each hydrological season with the allocation of 6 groups of hydrochemical components in relation to the maximum permissible values. It has been revealed that the minimum technogenic load on the surface waters of the city falls on the spring period. Based on the analysis of the results obtained, an ecological and hydrological assessment of the state of surface waters was carried out. It was showed that the water bodies of Kazan are classified as unfavorable water bodies.

scholarly journals Methodological aspects of assessment of the state of chemical pollution and water quality of surface waters in Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (66) ◽  
pp. 33-61
Author(s):  
V Kozak ◽  
◽  
A Tovmachenko ◽  
M Gertsiuk ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
The State ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Chemical Pollution ◽  
Surface Water Bodies ◽  
Micro Pollutants

The main sources of chemical pollution of surface water bodies of Ukraine are shown and it is noted that the ecosystem of the environment and water resources, being under constant man-caused load, tend to steadily deteriorate the ecological condition. Methods for assessing the quality of surface waters using the maximum allowable concentrations of harmful substances in water and a comprehensive assessment of the ecological status of surface water by integrated hydrochemical parameters are described. International approaches to the assessment of the state of surface water bodies are considered. It is noted that the most complete information on the state of the aquatic ecosystem can be obtained using a set of physicochemical and biological parameters. There are shortcomings in the monitoring of organic micro-pollutants in surface waters. The analysis of the international experience of determination of water quality and parameters of toxicological action of organic micro-pollutants with application of chemo-informative methods for modeling of an ecological condition of water systems is carried out.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THE MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF POLLUTION IN THE VILNIA RIVER / PAGRINDINIŲ VANDENS UŽTERŠTUMO VILNIOS UPĖJE CHARAKTERISTIKŲ ANALIZĖ

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-440
Author(s):  
Laura Margenytė ◽  
Eduardas Tomaševskis ◽  
Aušra Zigmontienė
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Investigation Period ◽  
Surface Water Bodies ◽  
The City

The article discusses pollution characteristics in natural waters and reasons for fluctuations in their levels of surface waters. The samples were collected in the city and region of Vilnius, i.e. the places where industry objects that may affect the quality of surface water bodies are mainly erected. The obtained results have revealed that the highest demand for biochemical oxygen (BOD) in the Vilnia river over the whole period have reached 32.3 mg/l in June, for dissolved oxygen (O2) –10.63 mg/l O2 in winter and for the concentration of suspended solids (SS) –53.44 mg/l in April. The results of the annual main concentration characteristics of pollution in the Vilnia river over the investigation period have been compared with assessment criteria for evaluating an ecological status of water. Santrauka Straipsnyje aptariamos pagrindinės vandens užterštumo charakteristikos: skendinčiosios medžiagos, ištirpęs deguonies kiekis bei biocheminio deguonies suvartojimo (BDS) gamtiniuose vandens telkiniuose priežastys, kurios lemia šių medžiagų koncentracijų kiekių svyravimus. Straipsnyje taip pat nagrinėjama šių charakteristikų paviršiniuose vandens telkiniuose šaltuoju metų laikotarpiu Vilnios upėje kaita. Mėginiai buvo imami tose Vilniaus miesto bei Vilniaus rajono vietose, kur yra susitelkę pramonės objektai, kurie savo antropogenine veikla daro įtaką paviršiniams vandens telkiniams. Per visą tiriamąjį laikotarpį iš visų atliktų tyrimų skaičiaus nustatyta, jog biocheminio deguonies koncentracija šiltuoju metų laikotarpiu didžiausia birželio mėnesį – 32,3 mg/l, ištirpusio deguonies kiekis (O2) žiemą – 10,63 mg/l O2, skendinčiųjų medžiagų koncentracija (SM) balandžio mėnesį – 53,44 mg/l. Gautos metinės tiriamojo laikotarpio pagrindinių užterštumo charakteristikų koncentracijos Vilnios upėje lyginamos su ekologinės būklės vertinimo kriterijais.

scholarly journals Proximal VIS-NIR spectrometry to retrieve substance concentrations in surface waters using partial least squares modelling

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 1204-1211 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Wagner ◽  
S. Hilgert ◽  
T. Kattenborn ◽  
S. Fuchs
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Partial Least Squares ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Surface Water Bodies

Abstract Many water quality parameters such as concentrations of suspended matter, nutrients and algae directly or indirectly change the electromagnetic reflectance and transmission properties of surface water bodies. Optical measurement approaches have shown great potential to partially substitute water sampling and laboratory analyses, but are obstructed by limited flexibility or high maintenance demands. In order to overcome these problems and to bridge the gap between in situ and remote sensing measurements, the use of close-range, above-surface reflectance measurements in the VIS-NIR domain to measure water quality parameters in surface water bodies was investigated. Remote sensing reflectance in a 1 m³ water tank with increasing, known concentrations of suspended solids was measured. A partial least squares model was trained to predict concentrations from reflectance curves, which performed well, considering the wide range of concentrations and illumination conditions (R²cal = 0.96, R²val = 0.97). The approach was then transferred to the field and further parameters were tested. Using a semi-autonomous spectrometer mounted to a boom stand on a motor boat, we traced substance concentrations in close intervals along a longitudinal gradient from inflow to dam in a drinking water reservoir in Brazil. The method is suitable for parameters directly influencing the reflection properties of the water body (e.g. suspended solids (R²cal = 0.93), chlorophyll-a (R²cal = 0.74)), or for parameters closely related to those (e.g. total phosphorus (R²cal = 0.97)). For chemical oxygen demand, the method is not well suited (R²cal = 0.14, R²val = 0.45). Once calibrated to the local conditions, the spectrometer can be used stationary or on moving platforms to map and monitor surface waters. The integration of the procedure into acoustic and imaging techniques is further investigated.

scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION OF METHODS OF STATE MONITORING OF WATER BODIES FOR PARASITOLOGICAL INDICES

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 437-442
Author(s):  
K. Yu. Kuznetsova
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Group Classification ◽  
The State ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
State Monitoring ◽  
Free Living ◽  
The Common

In an article there are discussed flaws in the formation of statistical parasitological indices in systems of socio-hygienic and hydrobiological monitoring. There is considered the relevance of free-living protozoa Amoebae accounting group, classification of the hazard and the role in the development of the water caused infectious morbidity of the population. There is presented an analytical factorization of the state of surface waters and there are considered the local values of parasitic contamination. Summary statistical reports of federal institutions - participants of the state monitoring of water bodies were established to be formed within the framework of closely specified indices and not be incorporated in the common accounting database. There are provided recommendations on the organization of a comprehensive evaluation of the biological safety of water sources.

scholarly journals How to Implement User-Friendly BLMs in the Absence of DOC Monitoring Data: A Case Study on Bulgarian Surface Waters

Water ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 246
Author(s):  
Tony Venelinov ◽  
Stefan Tsakovski
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Monitoring Network ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Monitoring Networks ◽  
Biotic Ligand ◽  
Surface Water Bodies ◽  
User Friendly

The metal bioavailability concept is implemented in the Water Framework Directive (WFD) compliance assessment. The bioavailability assessment is usually performed by the application of user-friendly Biotic Ligand Models (BLMs), which require dissolved metal concentrations to be used with the “matching” data of the supporting physicochemical parameters of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), pH and Cadissolved. Many national surface water monitoring networks do not have sufficient matching data records, especially for DOC. In this study, different approaches for dealing with the missing DOC data are presented: substitution using historical data; the appropriate percentile of DOC concentrations; and combinations of the two. The applicability of the three following proposed substitution approaches is verified by comparison with the available matching data: (i) calculations from available TOC data; (ii) the 25th percentile of the joint Bulgarian monitoring network DOC data (measured and calculated by TOC); and (iii) the 25th percentile of the calculated DOC from the matching TOC data for the investigated surface water body (SWB). The application of user-friendly BLMs (BIO-MET, M-BAT and PNEC Pro) to 13 surface water bodies (3 reservoirs and 10 rivers) in the Bulgarian surface waters monitoring network outlines that the suitability of the substitution approaches decreases in order: DOC calculated by TOC > the use of the 25th percentile of the data for respective SWB > the use of the 25th percentile of the Bulgarian monitoring network data. Additionally, BIO-MET is the most appropriate tool for the bioavailability assessment of Cu, Zn and Pb in Bulgarian surface water bodies.

scholarly journals Technological Norms and Quality Objectives for Surface Waters

2015 ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Best Available Techniques ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Surface Water Bodies

Analysis of the Russian legislation novels aimed at implementation of norms of impact upon environment at the best available techniques level applied to surface water bodies has been presented. It is noted that acting regulations do not completely secure realization of the combined approach to water resources management. In particular, there are no mechanisms to create incentives for further reduction of pollutants discharge to water bodies in case when the best available techniques do not secure attainment of water quality norms or the water body status objectives, when surface water bodies water quality norms accounting their natural and anthropogenic features stipulated by the acting Russian legislation are not yet developed. Proposals on accounting of objectives concerning the surface water body status in the process of regulating impacts upon it on the basis of technological norms and norms of permissible discharge have been made: to calculate surface water bodies water quality objective with taking into account natural and unavoidable anthropogenic factors according the proposed algorithm; when calculating norms of permissible impact to use objectives instead of water quality norms till up to development and approval of the latter (in accordance with the standing legislation); when delivering integrated environmental permissions it is necessary to take into account the norms of permissible impact but not only to observe the technological norms. The recommended procedure of obtaining an integrated environmental permission and setting of provisionally permitted discharge volume for water users discharging waste water to surface water bodies has been described. Proposals on elaboration of the legislative basis have been made.

The state of plant conservation in small water bodies located within the city limits of Olsztyn

2008 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirosław Grzybowski ◽  
Zbigniew Endler
Keyword(s):  
Plant Conservation ◽  
The State ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Small Water ◽  
The City ◽  
Small Water Bodies

The state of plant conservation in small water bodies located within the city limits of Olsztyn

Development of a multi-element method using an ICP-QQQ-MS to characterize the chemical status of surface water bodies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Schmitt ◽  
Henning Schroeder ◽  
Nadine Belkouteb ◽  
Julia Arndt ◽  
Jan Wiederhold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollution ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Single Element ◽  
Chemical Status ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Surface Water Bodies ◽  
Element Method

<p></p><p>An instantaneous assessment of the chemical status of surface water bodies provides the ability to better predict the water quality, react in time, and be able to backtrack sources. Also, it is widely accepted that knowledge of the natural chemistry of surface waters is fundamental for identifying anthropogenic pollution (Menzie et al., 2009). The chemical composition of water bodies is controlled by various factors (i.e. atmospheric, geological, biological, etc.). However, the main impact beside anthropogenic pollution is the geological background (e.g. Filella et al., 2014).</p><p>To monitor and understand the chemical status it is necessary to measure, with the best possible reliability, a wide spectrum of inorganic analytes. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is widely-accepted as versatile instrument in trace element determination due to its low detection limits, fast multi-element ability and wide dynamic range. The appearance of various polyatomic interferences, low analyte abundance and low sensitivity due to high ionization energy are major challenges in accomplishing precise, routine suitable, multi-element analysis to quantify all target elements which often requires complex pre-measurement treatments. The triple quadrupole ICP-MS (ICP-QQQ-MS; resp. ICP-MS/MS) is a promising tool to overcome some of these limitations. Therefore, our aim was to create a multi-element method with about 65 major and trace elements for surface water. In contrast to existing ICP-MS methods, a single-run-measurement of all analytes is envisaged, including also challenging elements like B, C, P, S, Hg, and REE without a pre-concentration or matrix removal step. The development exhibits very low Limits of Quantification for Rhine and Moselle river water (e.g. REE < 10 ppt).</p><p>Our method is based on certified reference material, single element standards (traceable to NIST) and samples from the Rhine and Moselle rivers (Germany). Single element optimized methods were adjusted to the multi-element monitoring purpose. We optimized different collision/reaction cell modes (O<sub>2</sub>, He, H<sub>2</sub>) to eliminate isobaric, polyatomatic and/or double charged interferences and the multi-element calibration cross check for memory effects and uncertainties. Hence, we developed a powerful method for surface water quality monitoring and hydro-chemical fingerprinting adaptable to the specific user requirements.</p><p>Filella, M., Pomian-Srzednicki, I., Nirel, P.M., 2014. Development of a powerful approach for classification of surface waters by geochemical signature. Water Res 50, 221-228.</p><p>Menzie, C.A., Ziccardi, L.M., Lowney, Y.W., Fairbrother, A., Shock, S.S., Tsuji, J.S., Hamai, D., Proctor, D., Henry, E., Su, S.H., 2009. Importance of considering the framework principles in risk assessment for metals. Environ. Sci. Technol. 43, 22, 8478-8482.</p>

scholarly journals Big things come in small packages: why limnologists should care about small ponds

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa L. Mullins ◽  
Robert D. Doyle
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Nutrient Fluxes ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Research Programs ◽  
The World ◽  
Surface Water Bodies

Abstract There is a substantial, and increasing, body of evidence that small ponds are critically important in diverse landscapes around the world by providing habitat, processing carbon, and mediating hydrological and nutrient fluxes to other larger surface waters (rivers, lakes, coastal). They are also among the most abundant surface water bodies in many areas. In an urbanizing planet, ecosystem services provided by ponds may become even more important. However, they have been historically neglected by limnologists and including them in global analyses can still be problematic. We propose that more limnologists should include small ponds in research programs; and we argue that these are also ideal systems for teaching the next generation of limnologists as well as for engaging the public.

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