scholarly journals Emergency Situation Management in the New Context of the Pandemic Covid-19 Crisis

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
Mohammad Jaradat ◽  
◽  
Marius-Anton Stupar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Vicious Circle ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Economic Problems

The current COVID-19 pandemic has led to a vicious circle in which public authorities must choose between saving the economy or saving lives. The more governments try to isolate citizens, the more it increases the risk of severe economic problems. Thus, public authorities need to learn to balance both health and economic measures. The purpose of this article is to underline the measures taken by the Romanian government in its fight against the COVID-19 crisis.

KORŌṈĀ TOṞṞU KĀLATTIL TIṈAKKŪLIYĀḶARKAḶIṈ NILAI: KOḺUMPU - 12 PUTUKKAṬAI PIRATĒCATTAI MAIYAPPAṬUTTIYA CAMŪKAVIYAL ĀYVU [DAILY WAGE WORKERS IN COVID-19 PANDEMIC PERIOD: A SOCIOLOGICAL RESEARCH BASED ON HULFTSDORF, COLOMBO-12]

2021 ◽  
pp. 82-95
Author(s):  
M.A.F.ASHFA ◽  
M.J.F. SANA ANJUM ◽  
A. IJAS MOHAMED ◽  
M.M.F. AQEELA ◽  
M.S. ZUNOOMY
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Mixed Approach ◽  
Daily Wage ◽  
The Many

The COVID-19 pandemic has gravely wounded the world economy with serious consequences impacting all communities and individuals. However, the rich and middle class can fill in their day to day needs, because of having enough money. At the same time, daily wage workers are facing difficulties to fill in their daily life needs in the current situation. According to this, the research aims to identify the economy level of daily wage workers of Hulftdorf, Colombo-12 during this period. The primary data were collected from 54 daily wage workers though questionnaire and in-depth interview. The gathered data were discussed by mixed approach descriptive methodology. The findings of this research declare that urban daily wage workers face the many difficulties than rural daily wage workers, because of expensive and costly price of the essential commodities. At the other hand, due to lack of daily income, they do not save the money. Thus, they face economic problems in predicaments. They also get insufficient donation, aids and relief in this emergency situation.

scholarly journals COVID-19 pandemic. New challenge for constitutional relations

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
Evgeniya V. Lungu
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Public Safety ◽  
The State ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Constitutional Rights ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Significant Drop ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Individual Human

The subject. Current constitutional legal relations are considered in the context of the objective legal reality of the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of the article is confirmation or confutation of the hypothesis that COVID-19 pandemic impacts on the development of constitutional relations. The methodology. The author uses the method of comparative legal analysis legal measures aiming the minimization of pandemic’s impact on society and formal legal analysis of legislative acts. The main results of the research. It is alleged that the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the state of constitutional legal relations and revealed the most acute social and economic problems in all areas of public life. The development of constitutional legal relations in a pandemic will lead, firstly, to a new correlation of collective and individual human rights. As a result of a pandemic, constitutional legal relations in the healthcare sector will move from the category of individual right to life and health to the category of public interest. When the health of an individual citizen is a guarantee of economic and public safety. Secondly, the development of the institution of self-limitation of constitutional human rights. From the position of law, self-restriction of rights allows: to ensure personal and public safety of citizens; avoid introducing restrictions on constitutional rights and freedoms; eliminate redundancy of human rights restrictions. Self-limitation of constitutional human rights is considered as conscious voluntary abstinence from the exercise of constitutional rights on the recommendation of public authorities in an emergency or other conditions close to them (high alert, self-isolation) in order to ensure public and personal safety. Self-limitation of constitutional human rights allows us to observe the constitutional balance of personal and public interests. Thirdly, the experience of combating a pandemic has shown that if the population is able to cope with the consequences of a short-term restriction of their rights on their own, then long-term quarantine measures lead to a significant drop in incomes of the population and must be compensated by the state. Conclusions. The COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic on the one hand triggered a new stage of constitutional legal relations, and on the other hand, like any emergency, exposed the most acute social and economic problems in society. The development of constitutional legal relations in the context of the emerging digital society and the state will not only lead to the development of new principles of constitutional development and, as a result, to constitutional legal relations of a new, digital level, but also affect such areas as the ratio of collective and individual human rights; development of the institution of self-restriction of human rights; further improvement of compensatory constitutional legal relations.

Medico-social problems of hospices in St.-Petersburg pediatric practice

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolay Ivanovich Vishnyakov ◽  
Yevgeniy Mikhaylovich Kutyrev ◽  
Zoya Anisimovna Sofiyeva ◽  
Sergey Ivanovich Gvozdarev
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Public Health Service ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Pediatric Practice ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Disease Prognosis

Children with an unfavourable disease prognosis require separate attention in the public health service of any state. A child with such disorder probably won’t enter into adult life. That fact creates a number of social and economic problems. In this article authors examine the work of the first in Russia children hospice in St. Petersburg and raise the problem of cooperation between hospices and other medical, non-medical organizations and public authorities.

The response of public authorities to a local emergency: the Demerara Road incident*

1998 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-62
Author(s):  
David F. Brown ◽  
Timothy Mooleedhar
Keyword(s):  
Trinidad And Tobago ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Toxic Waste ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Strategic Approach ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Settlement Policy

The fact that public health, environment and settlement issues are inevitably linked is especially obvious when an emergency situation occurs. At these times a wide range of government agencies may be called upon to collaborate on providing both emergency response and ensuring that the situation does not re-occur. The effectiveness of public authorities in rising to the occasion often reflects the administrative structure and operational mentality of each organisation. This case study traces the response of public authorities in Trinidad and Tobago to the discovery that the vast majority of residents in a squatter settlement, known as Demerara Road, had been subjected to lead poisoning due to the use of toxic waste as landfill. While initially the issue was treated as a health problem, the medical authorities soon realised that the matter would have to be dealt with as a settlement and land pollution issue. As the perception of the solution to the problem moved from immediate health care to evacuation, permanent resettlement and land decontamination, many other ministries, and the Cabinet itself, became involved. Time also played a role. Currently, more than four years after the discovery of the poisoning, both the residents and the contaminated soil are still in place at Demerara Road. This paper examines the role that various agencies played in resolving the problem. Special attention is given to differences in the way the issue was perceived and the mandate, resources, strategies and apparent values of key agencies. Conclusions are presented concerning the need for a strategic approach to emergency response, the need for balanced, specialised agencies that are linked through effective communication and co-ordination, and supported by appropriate environmental and settlement policy.

scholarly journals Improvement of methodology of justification of safe routes for transportation of dangerous substances and cargo

2020 ◽  
pp. 112-117
Author(s):  
R. V Petruk ◽  
O. V Lunova ◽  
V. S Garkushevskiy
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Time Factors ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Transportation System ◽  
Transport Network ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Dangerous Substances

Purpose. To improve existing methods for safe routing when transporting hazardous materials as well as waste products. Methodology. Methods of mathematical modeling, methods of statistics, methods for predicting risks and long-term environmental consequences are used. Taking into account time factors, the distribution of population into different sections of highways is considered. Findings. Parameters of the transport network and their influence on the magnitude of the risk of an emergency situation and possible accidents in the transportation of hazardous waste (THW) are established in the work. An analysis is conducted of dangerous effects that can be caused by THW taking into account the parameters of road, transport network, type and modes of transport, and others. In order to minimize the risk of accidents during THW, it is proposed to use appropriate approaches and criteria K1 and K2, which take into account the lowest values of dangerous effects on the person during the transportation time, which allow evaluating the safety of the transportation system and the selected route, whereas their product takes into account all the possible main factors of the transportation system. Typical road and rail transport schemes have been identified to ensure a minimum number of accidents and reduce environmental and human hazards. Originality. Approaches are improved to transportation of dangerous goods by motorway and railroad, in particular, the parameters of curvature and inclination of the road, availability of settlements and bridges, meteorological conditions and traffic congestions, which improves the efficiency and safety of transportation of dangerous substances and materials. Practical value. The original mathematical models of mapping the route for transporting dangerous substances are offered while the existing ones are improved. The results of the research can be used by transport companies, public authorities in the transportation of hazardous substances and logistics and non-hazardous industries.

Social management of institutional changes in Russian society: sociological analysis of transformational processes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Schelokov
Keyword(s):  
Social Institutions ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Institutional Changes ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Sociological Analysis ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
Current State ◽  
Social Management

The monograph is devoted to the problem of studying the transformation of social institutions in Russian society. The current state of society is characterized by dynamic processes developing in it. This applies to all levels and elements of such education. A significant condition for their course is the purposefulness and systematic influence of interested social structures. In the context of specific historical and landscape-geographical conditions, these are Federal and regional public authorities that exercise their powers within the framework of the official management system. The most effective implementation of the relevant competencies is possible through social management, taking into account the needs of the population, which are expressed through current socio-economic problems. For students and teachers, as well as anyone interested in the sociology of social change.

War, State Economic Policies and Resistance by Agricultural Producers in Turkey 1939-1945

1988 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 19-36
Author(s):  
Şevket Pamuk
Keyword(s):  
Food Supply ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
The Military

For governments in power during periods of war, securing the food supply of the urban areas and the military has been one of the most important economic problems. The expansion of the armed forces and the necessity to feed them better inevitably leads to increases in the demand for foodstuffs. In the more developed economies, the more mechanized and more flexible agricultural sectors have often been capable of responding to increased demand. The pressures of an emergency situation, however, have a much more severe impact on the agrarian structures in an underdeveloped economy, often leading to decreases in the levels of production. Under these circumstances, the food supply policies of the governments will have far-reaching implications for different strata of the peasantry and for the urban classes.

Social transmission bias and the cultural evolution of folk-economic beliefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Hirshleifer ◽  
Siew Hong Teoh
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Evolution ◽  
Social Transmission ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Economic Attitudes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Economic Beliefs ◽  
Over Time

AbstractEvolved dispositions influence, but do not determine, how people think about economic problems. The evolutionary cognitive approach offers important insights but underweights the social transmission of ideas as a level of explanation. The need for asocialexplanation for the evolution of economic attitudes is evidenced, for example, by immense variations in folk-economic beliefs over time and across individuals.

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