scholarly journals Improvement of methodology of justification of safe routes for transportation of dangerous substances and cargo

2020 ◽  
pp. 112-117
Author(s):  
R. V Petruk ◽  
O. V Lunova ◽  
V. S Garkushevskiy
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Time Factors ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Transportation System ◽  
Transport Network ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Dangerous Substances

Purpose. To improve existing methods for safe routing when transporting hazardous materials as well as waste products. Methodology. Methods of mathematical modeling, methods of statistics, methods for predicting risks and long-term environmental consequences are used. Taking into account time factors, the distribution of population into different sections of highways is considered. Findings. Parameters of the transport network and their influence on the magnitude of the risk of an emergency situation and possible accidents in the transportation of hazardous waste (THW) are established in the work. An analysis is conducted of dangerous effects that can be caused by THW taking into account the parameters of road, transport network, type and modes of transport, and others. In order to minimize the risk of accidents during THW, it is proposed to use appropriate approaches and criteria K1 and K2, which take into account the lowest values of dangerous effects on the person during the transportation time, which allow evaluating the safety of the transportation system and the selected route, whereas their product takes into account all the possible main factors of the transportation system. Typical road and rail transport schemes have been identified to ensure a minimum number of accidents and reduce environmental and human hazards. Originality. Approaches are improved to transportation of dangerous goods by motorway and railroad, in particular, the parameters of curvature and inclination of the road, availability of settlements and bridges, meteorological conditions and traffic congestions, which improves the efficiency and safety of transportation of dangerous substances and materials. Practical value. The original mathematical models of mapping the route for transporting dangerous substances are offered while the existing ones are improved. The results of the research can be used by transport companies, public authorities in the transportation of hazardous substances and logistics and non-hazardous industries.

scholarly journals FORMATION OF BEGINNING AND BORDER CONDITIONS OF THERMAL LOCALIZATION OF THE EMERGENCY SITUATION ASSOCIATED WITH CHEMICAL-DAMAGES

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (154) ◽  
pp. 293-297
Author(s):  
V. Strelets ◽  
R. Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Thermal Destruction ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Protective Device ◽  
Mathematical Apparatus ◽  
Dangerous Substances ◽  
Initial And Boundary Conditions ◽  
The Impact

The urgent problem of formation of initial and boundary conditions of mathematical model of emergency localization with the help of a two-level dome-shaped protective device in case of forced thermal destruction of the device of impulse damage of chemical-dangerous substances is solved in the work. The solution to this problem was based on the hypothesis of the possibility of rapid application of a two-level protective device for the thermal localization of a cell of emergencies related to the impulse lesion of chemically dangerous substances. According to the hypothesis, approaches to the formation of a mathematical apparatus, which consists of a mathematical model of prevention of an emergency of a similar nature, the control algorithm and methods for their practical application, are determined. In order to implement this approach, the paper analyzes the current state of formation of the mathematical apparatus, identifies the existing shortcomings of the existing models. In order to eliminate the latter, the impact of characteristic technical and operational conditions on the effectiveness of localization of emergency situation related to the threat of impulse emission of chemical hazardous substances was analyzed. In the course of the research it was proved that the formation of recommendations for reducing the time of localization of the consequences of emergencies related to the threat of impulse release of chemical-dangerous substances by means of a two-level protective device requires obtaining a multifactor mathematical model of emergency prevention taking into account its initial and boundary conditions. The final step was to determine the initial and boundary conditions of a multifactor mathematical model that describes the behavior of the emergency prevention process. Based on this, further research should be aimed at developing a mathematical model of emergency prevention related to the threat of impulse release of chemical-dangerous substances and appropriate methodology based on it, which will reduce the time of localization of the consequences of an emergency without changing the level of safety of civilians and personal the composition of the emergency rescue unit with the help of a mobile protective device. Keywords: thermal destruction, emergency, chemical hazardous substances, protective device

scholarly journals A National-Scale Assessment of Population and Built-Environment Exposure in Tsunami Evacuation Zones

Geosciences ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 291
Author(s):  
Ryan Paulik ◽  
Heather Craig ◽  
Benjamin Popovich
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Risk Model ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Transport Network ◽  
National Scale ◽  
Model Framework ◽  
Scale Assessment ◽  
Environment Exposure

Evacuation zones are a critical tool for mitigating loss of life in tsunami events. In New Zealand, tsunami evacuation zones are implemented by emergency management agencies at regional or sub-regional scales, providing national coverage for populated coastlines at risk to tsunami inundation. In this study, we apply the exposure component of a risk model framework (RiskScape) to deliver a first national-scale assessment of New Zealand’s population and built-environment exposure in tsunami evacuation zones. Usually-resident populations, buildings, land and transport network components are identified at an asset level and enumerated at national and regional scales. Evacuation zones are occupied by just under 10% of New Zealand’s population, residing in 399,000 residential buildings. These are supported by a further 5400 critical buildings and 6300 km of road transport network. Approximately 40% of exposed populations and buildings occupy evacuation zones expected to be inundated once every 500 years. This includes over 150,000 people in highly vulnerable age groups, i.e., children and elderly. The complex arrangement of built environments highlights a need for disaster risk managers to proactively identify and prepare populations for evacuation based on their vulnerability to harm from tsunami and ability to access resources for recovery after the event.

Operations Planning in Carsharing Systems

2020 ◽  
pp. 384-406
Author(s):  
Behnam Izadi
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Management ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Transport Network ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Operations Planning ◽  
Management Level ◽  
Shared Mobility ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
New Research

Shared mobility systems such as carsharing provide significant social and environmental benefits by reducing the number of vehicles used in the urban transport network. The carsharing systems are facing many challenges from the design to operation stages. In the design and strategic management level, it is important to find the best location for the stations, a minimum number of vehicles and a minimum number of operating staff, and in the operation stage, the most important problem is to relocate the vehicles moved by the members among the network to maximize the satisfied demands while the system is still economical. Effective and efficient optimization technology that can respond to user's demand is one of the necessary components for a successful carsharing system. The authors survey the related operations research models in the academic literature proposed to model different aspects of carsharing systems from a strategic and operational point of view to find the gaps and propose opportunities for new research.

scholarly journals PENYELENGGARA JALAN SEBAGAI SUBYEK HUKUM TINDAK PIDANA

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Dewa Arya Lanang Raharja
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Transportation System ◽  
Road Transportation ◽  
Regional Autonomy ◽  
Legal Subjects ◽  
Research Type

As part of the national transportation system, the Traffic and Road Transport should be developed to realize the potential and role, security, prosperity, order traffic and road transportation in order to support economic development and the development of science and technology, regional autonomy, and accountability of state. This research with the normative methods research type, which aims to know and understand who is degan organizers roads and also to know and understand how accountability organizers of the street as legal subjects. Sebagai bagian dari sistem transportasi nasional, Transportasi Lalu Lintas dan Jalan harus dikembangkan untuk mewujudkan potensi dan peran, keamanan, kemakmuran, ketertiban lalu lintas dan angkutan jalan dalam rangka mendukung pembangunan ekonomi dan pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi, otonomi daerah, dan akuntabilitas negara. Penelitian ini menggunakan metoda penelitian hukum normatif, yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan memahami siapa yang dimaksud degan penyelenggara jalan dan juga untuk mengetahui dan memahami bagaimana pertanggung jawaban penyelenggara jalan sebagai subyek hukum.

scholarly journals Factors influencing post-harvest losses of apples among growers in Paktia, Afghanistan

Food Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 2313-2321
Author(s):  
A. Amanullah ◽  
N.M. Nawi ◽  
N.H. Kamarulzaman ◽  
M.N. Shamsudin
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Transportation System ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Postharvest Losses ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Apple Products ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Postharvest losses have been highlighted as one of the determinants in fresh crop production in most developing countries. Losses in agricultural sector in the province of Paktia are largely due to the perishable quality of the produce and ineffective management of post-harvest. Many post-harvest losses are direct result of factors such as harvesting, sorting, grading, packaging, storage, transportation and marketing. Thus, it is important to identify factors related to postharvest losses of apples among the growers in Paktia, Afghanistan. Survey of three districts, namely Gardiz, Ahamdaba, and Saidkaram was conducted with 279 apple growers that were selected using systematic random sampling. Data were collected using structured questionnaires via face to face interview. Data collected were then analyzed using descriptive analysis, chi-square analysis and factor analysis. The finding of descriptive analysis showed that among all the post-harvest activities based on the percentage ranking, all apple growers (100%) were involved in the marketing of apples in search of both direct or indirect channels to sell their produce to reduce the losses. This means in order to reduce apples losses, it is important to find a market for their products. From the Chi-square analysis results, there was a significant association between education level (P=0.046), farm size (P=0.000), farm experience (P=0.019), yield (P=0.000) and post-harvest losses. Moreover, the factor analysis results revealed seven factors that influenced post-harvest losses of apples namely harvesting, sorting, grading, packaging, storage, transportation and marketing. Therefore, establishing proper storages and packaging facilities will reduce apple grower’s losses, and enable easier marketing of their produce in different season throughout the year. Furthermore, sorting and grading will raise the value of apple products for a better marketing. Meanwhile, road transport and transportation system also have a significant impact on distribution of apple products in the study area. Therefore, it can be concluded that road transport and transportation system should be improved in order to reduce the losses of apple production.

scholarly journals HAZARD LABELS. LABEL DESIGN, APPLICATION AND USAGE RULES

2021 ◽  
pp. 83-100
Author(s):  
Zhanna Semko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Hazardous Substance ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
The People ◽  
Dangerous Substances ◽  
Hazard Warning

One of the distinctive features of today is the presence in our life of substances, by-products that pose a hazard to human health, a threat to the environment, but without which the production process of other goods is impossible and we cannot imagine our existence, that is, electrical energy generation by the use of nuclear fuel, mineral fertilizers, various kinds of substances in the chemical industry from conditionally hazardous to very hazardous. All of these substances need to be transported from production site to the place of use. Therefore, the question arises, i.e., if these dangerous substances are necessary for production of other very necessary and useful goods, how to protect those people who can suffer during their manufacture, transportation and use. It turns out that the answer is almost on the surface. Generating of hazardous substance primarily raises the need to develop measures for protection against their impact, or at least minimize it. This paper analyses the issues of prevention and minimization of the dangerous substances effect on the people, environment while transporting by analyzing classes, sub-classes, categories of dangerous substances categories. The classification of dangerous substances, labels designs, guidance on their application and use are given. Rules and obligations of dangerous cargoes transportation entities are specified. Key words: hazardous substances, classification of hazardous substances, hazard warning signs, methods and means of application, marking rules.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THE TRAFFIC STREAM DISTRIBUTION IN TERMS OF IDENTIFICATION OF AREAS WITH THE HIGHEST EXHAUST POLLUTION

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 7-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Ambroziak ◽  
Roland Jachimowski ◽  
Dariusz Pyza ◽  
Emilian Szczepański
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Transport Network ◽  
Continuous Development ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Traffic Distribution ◽  
Traffic Stream

Transport is a sector that is said to be negatively affecting the environment. The continuous development of transport increases the negative impact on the environment and civilization. In the article authors present the parameters that were used to describe the size of harmful transport exhaust emissions, in particular by means of road transport and the factors affecting their size. The areas where the level of concentrations of air pollutants are exceeded in Poland were characterized and analysed. Also examples of the stream traffic distribution in the selected area of the transport network were presented.

scholarly journals CONCEPTS AND PRINCIPLES OF ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEGAL PREVENTION OF ROAD TRAFFIC INJURY

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4(106)) ◽  
pp. 74-81
Author(s):  
Т. М. Дженчако
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Road Traffic Injury ◽  
Social Regulation ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Road Traffic Injuries ◽  
Traffic Injury ◽  
Potential Factors ◽  
The Impact

The article, based on the analysis of current legislation, available scientific, journalistic and methodological sources, including foreign experience, clarifies the essence, meaning and content of the principles of administrative and legal prevention of road traffic injuries as important regulators of road safety in the country. The characteristic of prevention of road traffic injuries which is offered to consider, first, as an important means of social regulation of road legal relations is carried out; secondly, as a system of social, economic, ideological, organizational and legal and psychological and pedagogical measures; third, as a combination of different levels of prevention activities carried out by general and special actors. The goals of road traffic injury prevention are to achieve and maintain the trend of reducing accidents, a positive change in its nature and structure. The concept of administrative and legal prevention of road traffic injuries as a methodologically complex social phenomenon, which covers a multilevel system of administrative and legal measures carried out by public authorities, local governments and individual civil society institutions through the use of delegated powers to identify the causes and conditions of administrative torts on road transport, which lead to road traffic injuries, to minimize or neutralize the impact of acts that give rise to such offenses, search for ways, means of effective influence on potential factors that determine road accidents. Emphasis is placed on the importance of principles as fundamental, guiding principles (requirements) of any important public-law activity, expressing the most significant aspects (manifestations) of implementation of measures of administrative and legal prevention of road traffic injuries and acting as official guidelines in the practice of counteracting administrative "road" torts.

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