scholarly journals Capitalism with a Purpose: Can Business Ethics Fight Inequality?

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1Sup1) ◽  
pp. 182-199
Author(s):  
Rosa Fioravante ◽  
Mara Del Baldo
Keyword(s):  
Business Ethics ◽  
Value Creation ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Current System ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
Business Studies ◽  
The Social ◽  
Global Problems ◽  
The Relationship

Economic crises - such as the Great Recession of 2008 or the 2020 crisis triggered by the Covid-19 pandemic - have always represented an opportunity to address the relationship between macroeconomic variables and business and society’s reactions to them. Indeed, negative economic conjuncture, slump and stagnation, represent a challenge and may elicit the opportunity to rethink the role of business in tackling systemic global problems of the current system - such as persisting and raising inequalities and environmental unsustainability – by focusing on Business Ethics both as a theory and a practice. Accordingly, the present work aims at shedding light on the link between the systematic production of inequality within the current economic system and the opportunities for entrepreneurs and managers to significantly reduce it by engaging in business ethics practices. For this purpose, the theoretical framework proposed rests on a step “back” to the discussion of the relation between economic sphere and society, particularly when addressing the issue of value creation/extraction and a step “forward” in the discussion on the purpose of the enterprise and the social role of the entrepreneur. In doing so, three main issues will be addressed: VALUE CREATION - the role of the enterprise in value creation between capital and labour; RESPONSIBILITY - responsible vs irresponsible capitalism; SOCIAL ACTOR - the conception of the enterprise as a social rather than only and economic actor. Bridging perspectives coming from economics, business studies and economic sociology, this paper depicts a robust theoretical and conceptual framework to be used for further empirical research.

scholarly journals Entry barriers and “Glass Roof” in University Management in Colombia

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (65) ◽  
pp. 18-30
Author(s):  
Cristian Bedoya Dorado ◽  
Mónica García-Solarte ◽  
Juan Sebastián Peña-Zúñiga ◽  
Steven Alejandro Piñeros Buriticá
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Education ◽  
University Management ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Social ◽  
Management Positions ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship

Management in the context of higher education has been characterized by the predominance of male participation, mainly in senior management positions. As a result, women’s low participation is mainly concentrated in lower management positions, and their chances of escalating hierarchical positions are mediated by various factors ranging from subjective to socially naturalized. The objective of this research is to analyze the barriers women face to enter and escalate positions in university management in Colombia. Under a qualitative design, 26 semi-structured interviews were applied to university managers from different institutions of higher education in Colombia. The transcripts were analyzed using discourse analysis through three categories: individual, internal, and external barriers of the university. It was found that women face entry and promotion barriers marked by experiences, and conditions of inequality and discrimination in a male-dominated context. These barriers are conditioned by personal elements, organizational culture, and the social role of women. In addition, women’s trajectories involve mediation between professional development and family life. The study reveals experiences that contribute to understanding the research phenomenon from the webbing of senses and meanings. It is posited that the “glass ceiling” is mediated by variables in the internal order, and by the relationship between universities and their context.

scholarly journals TRIPLE IDENTITY IN CONFLICT: ethnography in legislative media and its possibilities

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 424-451
Author(s):  
Cristiane Brum Bernardes ◽  
Sarah Albertina Cerqueira Nunez
Keyword(s):  
Social Role ◽  
The Political ◽  
Hybrid Identity ◽  
Political Role ◽  
Public Servant ◽  
The Social ◽  
National Congress ◽  
Journalism Research ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT – This article analyzes the challenges, obstacles, and theoretical and methodological advances that the ethnography of organizations can bring to journalism research based on two studies on legislative media in the Brazilian National Congress. It discusses how the triple identity of ethnographer-journalist-public servant complicates the analysis of these media outlets, creating an environment favorable to reflexivity. Based on the assumption that such media are a privileged space to observe the relationship between the political and journalistic fields, this study concludes that the ethnography advantages are related to the possibility of perceiving and understanding the hybrid identity of the observed subjects, and the researchers themselves. The political role of actors in this context is complex and emphasized in order to further the understanding of the social role of journalism.RESUMO – Este estudo analisa desafios, obstáculos e avanços teóricos e metodológicos que a perspectiva da etnografia das organizações pode trazer à pesquisa em jornalismo, com base em duas análises das mídias legislativas do Congresso Nacional. Discute-se como a tripla identidade de etnógrafa-jornalistaservidora pública complexifica as análises sobre esses veículos, criando um ambiente favorável à reflexividade. Partindo do pressuposto de que tais mídias são um espaço privilegiado para observar a relação entre os campos político e jornalístico, o estudo conclui que os ganhos da etnografia estão relacionados à possibilidade de perceber e compreender a identidade híbrida dos sujeitos observados, e do próprio pesquisador. No contexto estudado, o papel político dos atores é complexificado e colocado em evidência, o que amplia a compreensão do papel social do jornalismo.RESUMEN – Este estudio aborda desafíos, obstáculos y avances teóricos y metodológicos que la perspectiva de la etnografía de las organizaciones puede aportar a la investigación en periodismo, a partir de dos análisis de los medios legislativos del Congreso Nacional brasileño. Se discute cómo la triple identidad de etnógrafo-periodista-servidor público compleja el análisis de estos vehículos, creando un ambiente favorable a la reflexividad. Partiendo del supuesto de que dichos medios son un espacio privilegiado para observar la relación entre los campos político y periodístico, el estudio concluye que las ganancias de la etnografía están relacionadas con la posibilidad de percibir y comprender la identidad híbrida de los sujetos observados y del propio investigador. En el contexto estudiado, se compleja y resalta el rol político de los actores, lo que amplía la comprensión de la función social del periodismo.

scholarly journals Language Strategies in Legal Reasoning of Judgments: an Engagement-Adaptation Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Wenxiu Song
Keyword(s):  
Social Role ◽  
Legal Reasoning ◽  
Appraisal Theory ◽  
Adaptation Theory ◽  
The Social ◽  
Language Strategies ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Engagement System ◽  
Adaptation Model

Legal reasoning, as the core of the judgment, has always been the focus of legal community. While in fact, the reasoning of judgment is not only related to knowledge of jurisprudence but also associates closely with the use of language strategies and thus deserves the attention of linguistic scholars. This study attempts to explore the language strategies underlying the legal reasoning of judgment based on engagement system of appraisal theory and adaptation theory. Through analyzing the legal reasoning of ten American judgments, it is found that substantial engagement resources are employed in the reasoning, among which Attribute occurs most frequently, followed by Deny, Entertain, Counter, Endorse, and Pronounce is the least favored resource in the legal reasoning of judgments, which is the result of the adaptation to the social role of the judges, the relationship between power and equality in court, as well as the expected psychology of the audience of the judgments.

scholarly journals Exigencias éticas del prosumidor-ciudadano frente a las empresas

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Medina-Vicent
Keyword(s):  
Business Ethics ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Digital Tools ◽  
The Political ◽  
Business Activity ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The Social ◽  
Los Grupos

Ethical requirements of the prosumer-citizen facing companies Resumen: Los procesos de recesión económica y los cambios políticos que se están desarrollando en las sociedades occidentales, plantean una disyuntiva sobre el papel social de las empresas y su modo de relacionarse con el público. Se ha producido el despertar de consumidores/as conscientes de su poder, tanto como creadores/as de contenidos a través de los espacios digitales, como de vigilantes activos de las acciones de empresas y gobiernos. Ante esta realidad, las organizaciones no pueden actuar sin atender al entorno, deben reconocer su responsabilidad social y responder a las demandas de sus stakeholders a través de una gestión empresarial ética y comunicativa. En el presente artículo se reflexiona en torno a una propuesta de ética empresarial de corte discursivo capaz de responder a las exigencias sociales y promover una comunicación transparente que incorpore los intereses de los grupos afectados por la actividad empresarial. Abstract: The economic crisis and the political changes that are taking place in Western societies set out a dilemma about the social role of companies and their social interactions. Nowadays, consumers have become aware of their power, both as creators of content through digital tools, as active guards of the actions of companies and governments. In front of this, organizations cannot act without pay attention to their environment; companies must recognize their social responsibility and respond to the stakeholders demands through an ethical and communicative management. We’ll explain a business ethics based on a discursive model, because it can be useful to attend social demands, to promote transparent communication, and to incorporate the interests of those affected by business activity. Palabras clave: ética empresarial, ética discursiva, prosumidor/a, monitorización, confianza. Keywords: business ethics, discourse ethics, prosumer, monitoring, trust. 

scholarly journals Reciprocal Associations between Parenting Challenges and Parents’ Personality Development in Young and Middle Adulthood

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roos Hutteman ◽  
Wiebke Bleidorn ◽  
Gordana Keresteš ◽  
Irma Brković ◽  
Ana Butković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Role ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
Emotional Stability ◽  
The Other ◽  
Newborn Baby ◽  
Middle Adulthood ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Reciprocal Associations

Having children affects many aspects of people's lives. However, it remains unclear to what degree the challenges that come along with having children are associated with parents’ personality development. We addressed this question in two studies by investigating the relationship between parenting challenges and personality development in mothers of newborns (Study 1, N = 556) and the reciprocal associations between (mastering) parenting challenges and personality development in parents of adolescents (Study 2, N = 548 mothers and 460 fathers). In Study 1, we found the stress of having a newborn baby to be associated with declines in maternal Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, and Emotional Stability. Parenting challenges were also related to personality development in parents of adolescent children in Study 2, with parent–child conflict being reciprocally associated with decreases in Conscientiousness and Emotional Stability. Mastering parenting challenges in the form of high parenting self–efficacy, on the other hand, was found to be associated with increases in Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, and Emotional Stability, and vice versa. In sum, our results suggest that mastering the challenges associated with the social role of parenthood is one of the mechanisms underlying personality development in young and middle adulthood. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The role of society in public administration in the field of environmental protection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentine B. Sapunov
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Nuclear War ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Social ◽  
Global Problems ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Further Development

The need for environmental protection is based on the assumption that environmental degradation harms humans and hinders economic development. However, the real resolution of the contradiction between the economy and nature in the field of environmental protection causes certain difficulties, as evidenced by the growing threat to environmental safety in the world. We invite readers to discuss the materials of our analysis and a general assessment of the global problems of our time and possible ways for the further development of mankind. The author grouped them in a number of areas: the essence and classification of the main problems of our time; the origins of the global problems of our time; possible consequences of a nuclear war; theories of "Global crises" and "Cornucopia"; the concepts of "Sustainable Development", "Golden Billion", "10 Golden Billions"; the problem of the relationship between the social and the biological in man. Based on the results of the discussion, we hope to determine the role of the state, man and society as a whole, their level of interaction in developing solutions for the preservation of the environment and humanity as a species at the present stage of its development.

scholarly journals Społeczna rola prawników: odpowiedzialność, podmiotowość, zaufanie

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-86
Author(s):  
Przemysław Kaczmarek
Keyword(s):  
Moral Responsibility ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Professional Role ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Subjective Agency ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Individual Dimension

This article attempts to answer the question why is it worth to exhibit the category of agency in the legal practice. Answering the question I started my discussion from the presentation ideas related to the issue of the social role of the lawyers. In the completion of this objective, I discussed three ideas: moral responsibility, trust and subjective agency. Putting forward the role of the lawyer, I paid attention to the relationship between the notion of trust in the lawyer’s role and moral responsibility. This relationship is based on an ethical link, which is founded on a kind of obligation. This idea can be demonstrated by looking into confidence in the lawyer’s role as a special form of obligation to consider individual, institutional and social arguments. In the presented approach the state of limbo between the individual dimension, which focuses on the relationship between a specific individual and their rights, and the public dimension, where attention is paid to institutional and social arguments, is a characteristic feature of the professional role of a lawyer. The shaping of a professional role in a subjective and structural authorship is based on the idea of a two-way movement. It consists in highlighting the institutional structure with simultaneous reinforcement of the role of the subject who acts within it.

scholarly journals Seeds of revolt. Intergenerational relationships in rural KwaZulu, South Africa

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (43) ◽  
pp. 355-374
Author(s):  
Alex Vailati
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Intergenerational Relationships ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Male Youth ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Period ◽  
Complex Relationships ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe social role of youth, in the last twenty years, has become a key point of the political agenda of many African nations. In South Africa, the consequences of segregationist politics, market economy and migrations have profoundly shaped the social and cultural role of youth, both in urban and rural contexts. Moreover, the end of apartheid has opened a new period of wide transformation. Based on my ethnographic research in KwaMashabane, a rural region of South Africa, this article analyses how the social role of male youth is shaped by national state policy and by local dynamics. I will focus on the relationship between models of adulthood, and the strategies that youth adopt to cope with conflicts and continuities. This analysis will show how post-apartheid freedom and the constraints of the local social structure are negotiated, and how society is coping with the complex relationships between cultural reproduction and social change.

How can we improve the codes of ethics for translators?

Babel ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 706-718
Author(s):  
Hyang Lee ◽  
Seong Woo Yun
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Decision Making ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Codes Of Ethics ◽  
Ethical Principles ◽  
Fundamental Aspect ◽  
Social Agent ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract As early as 1963, the FIT adopted the Translator’s Charter during the Congress at Dubrovnik, stipulating the rights, obligations, and social responsibilities of translators. The document inspired many professional translator associations to draft their own codes. These codes share a common goal: to inform the ethical decision-making of translators. However, some practitioners as well as scholars have questioned their value, pointing to the inconsistencies within or between codes and the difficulty of applying them to real-life situations. They view the codes as declarative documents that lay down the most basic ethical principles. Why does this gap exist between codes and practice? What should be addressed first to answer this question? We believe that these codes tend to overlook a fundamental aspect of translation. Their focus is on the relationship between translators and clients. In other words, gaining the confidence and meeting the expectations of clients are often treated as the most important elements of a code. However, the act of translation, like any human act, is a social one that impacts the community the translator belongs to. Therefore, a translator is a social agent who supports the ethical goal of living better together in a community. How can these codes be improved? To explore this question, we review the discussions of authors who have emphasized the social role of translators and interpreters, including Chesterman, Baker, and Inghilleri. We finally suggest community-related ethical principles and virtues for translator codes of ethics.

scholarly journals Can Self-Esteem Help Teens Resist Unhealthy Influence of Materialistic Goals Promoted By Role Models?

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Maria Zawadzka ◽  
Judyta Borchet ◽  
Magdalena Iwanowska ◽  
Aleksandra Lewandowska-Walter
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Self ◽  
Significant Interaction Effect ◽  
Social Modeling ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of the study was to examine the role of self-esteem in resisting the influence of materialistic goals of four social role models (mother, father, peers, and media) in adolescents (aged 13–16). Previous studies showed a negative correlation between the psychological health of teens and striving for materialistic goals, one of the main sources is the social modeling of materialism. Two studies were carried out. The first, correlational study, was conducted on target teens and their mothers, fathers, and peers of their choice. It examined if self-esteem is a moderator of the relationship between the materialism of social role models (mothers, fathers, peers, and media) and the materialism of teens. The second, experimental study, was conducted on target teens only. It examined how boosting the self-esteem of teens and activating materialism of social role models (mothers, fathers, peers, and media) may affect the materialism of teens. Study 1 showed a significant interaction effect of self-esteem and the materialism of peers on the materialism of teens. The interaction effects of self-esteem and other role models (parents and media) were not significant. Study 2 showed that elevated self-esteem lowered the influence of the materialism of peers on the materialism of teens. The results were not significant when other role models (parents and media) were analyzed. The results obtained in the presented studies indicate that the self-esteem of teens may have an important role in resisting the influence of materialism role models of peers. Practical implications of the studies for the psychological health of teens are also discussed.

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