Calibration of Onboard Equipment for Measuring Pseudo-Range Between Spacecraft to Improve the Accuracy of Determining Their Time Scales Discrepancy

2021 ◽  
pp. 100-106
Author(s):  
V.S. Ganzha ◽  
T.A. Marareskul ◽  
D.S. Muratov
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Error ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Range Finding ◽  
Destabilizing Factors ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Time Information ◽  
Onboard Equipment

Technologies for range-finding measurements between spacecraft are increasingly used in achieving the targets of modern spacecraft. The stability of the systematic error is one of the main factors affecting the accuracy of achieving a target. This determines the requirement to ensure the stability of the systematic error at the level of several centimeters in the presence of destabilizing factors and a tendency to increase the spacecrafts active life in orbit. Apart from searching for methods implemented directly in the onboard equipment, it is advisable to consider mathematical methods that are applicable at the stage of processing measurements when achieving the spacecraft targets. The paper describes the technology for determining and accounting for calibration corrections for spacecraft onboard radio-technical equipment intended for range-finding measurements and exchanging information between spacecraft. This technology is based on statistical processing of residuals of linear combinations of measured parameters relative to their high-precision calculated analogs, obtained using a posteriori ephemeris-time information. The use of this technology makes it possible to compensate for the change in the constant component of the systematic measurement error at the stage of spacecraft operation in orbit.

scholarly journals Influence of the technical equipment on the educational process

Eduweb ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-155
Author(s):  
Elena A. Ostanina
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Destabilizing Factors ◽  
Negative Factors

Currently, the relevance of the study is due to external global challenges, which include COVID-19 pandemic, which provoked an emergency in a number of countries. Assessment of the psychological state of participants in the educational process and its normalization can help to minimize the decline in the quality of education. The purpose of this study is to identify the possibility of organizing a high-quality distance learning process by identifying negative factors and leveling their impact during emergency situations and situations close to them. The study identifiedinternal and external factors affecting the psychological state of teachers. The correlation between the harmony of the teacher's personality and successful labor activity has been substantiated. In the course of the work, the problem of changing the technical equipment of participants in the educational process during an emergency and close to it was revealed. As a result of the research, the author came to a well-grounded conclusion that the psychological state of the participants in the learning processhas a significant impact on the educational process when organizing distance learning. The most significant in this regard is the psychoemotional state of the teacher as the organizer of the process and mentor. The article provides a number of recommendations for leveling the destabilizing factors that have a negative impact on the psychological state of the participants in the learning process and affect its quality.

scholarly journals Determination and use of rational parameters of the drying process of beet pulp when creating a drum dryer with a combined energy supply

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Drannikov ◽  
S. V. Shakhov ◽  
M. O. Erofeevskaya ◽  
P. M. Sukhanov ◽  
A. R. Bubnov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Supply ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Biogas Plants ◽  
Beet Pulp ◽  
Air Dryer

Beet pulp is a secondary material resource obtained using traditional sugar production technology. Bagasse can be used as raw material for biogas plants, obtain biodegradable packaging, and as feed for livestock. Fresh bagasse has several disadvantages: short shelf life, difficulty in transportation, it is advisable to dry it to eliminate these shortcomings. To preserve the useful qualities of pulp, air with a low temperature is used as a drying agent. To study the interaction of various factors affecting the drying process of beet pulp, mathematical methods are used to plan the experiment. A mathematical description of this process can be obtained empirically. Moreover, his mathematical model has the form of a regression equation, found by statistical methods based on experiments. As a result of statistical processing of the experimental data, regression equations are obtained that adequately describe the drying process of beet pulp in an air dryer. As a result of the research, it was proposed to use a drum dryer with a combined energy supply (air and superheated steam), which will not only accelerate the drying process, but also preserve the useful qualities of the product.

scholarly journals Assessment of the factors affecting slope stability in the southern part of the Sofia Kettle

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-63
Author(s):  
Miroslav Krastanov ◽  
Boyko Berov
Keyword(s):  
Slope Stability ◽  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Destabilizing Factors ◽  
Landslide Processes ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Seismic Impact ◽  
The Impact

A specific sample area was selected, where an assessment model was made for the stability of a slope subjected to anthropogenic impacts. A hillside slope zone from the foot of the Vitosha and Lozen mountains in the southern periphery of the Sofia Kettle was chosen as an exemplary area for a part of the hazards arising in the Trans-Balkan valleys. The anthropogenic impact on their slope stability was studied on three particular slopes. The study area is about 1.25 km2 and has a maximum distance of up to 3.80 km between the slopes. Landslide processes resulting from anthropogenic impact often occur on the territory of the Sofia Valley. The rise of construction, the development of hard-to-reach terrains with steep slopes, their undercutting, the seismic impact and the low values of the strength-deformation parameters of the geological varieties building up the respective terrains contribute to their occurrence. The deforestation, the loads with heavy embankments, the hydration and the inhomogeneity of the layers of the earth base have a strong destabilizing effect. The paper presents the results of field and laboratory tests and analyses of slope stability by the method of Fellenius. The severity of the impact of the various destabilizing factors was assessed.

The methodology of experimental research of the feed components extrusion process in order to improve its energy performance

2020 ◽  
pp. 147-152
Author(s):  
E. M. Ratnikov ◽  
D. O. Milko
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Mathematical Planning ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Extrusion Processing ◽  
Definition Of

Annotation Purpose. Development of a program and methods for conducting experimental studies of the extrusion process with the definition of parameters and modes of operation of the extruder to improve its energy performance. Methods. Methods of mathematical statistics, synthesis, analysis, description and modeling were used. Results. The application of mathematical methods, in particular mathematical planning, reduces the number of experiments several times, and allows to evaluate the role of influencing factors, obtain a mathematical model of the process and determine the optimal conditions for its parameters and modes, etc. Conclusions. The methodology for experimental studies of a screw extruder is presented with the necessary equipment and methodology for processing the obtained experimental data. A mathematical method of planning, which reduces the number of experiments several times, allows us to evaluate the role of factors affecting productivity and energy intensity is presented. Keywords: extruder, auger, nutrients, research methodology, extrusion, processing, feed.

Impact of climatic conditions on the parameters of failure flow of military vehicles

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440702110202
Author(s):  
Nikolaj Dobrzinskij ◽  
Algimantas Fedaravicius ◽  
Kestutis Pilkauskas ◽  
Egidijus Slizys
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Military Vehicles ◽  
Equipment Reliability ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
The Impact

Relevance of the article is based on participation of armed forces in various operations and exercises, where reliability of machinery is one of the most important factors. Transportation of soldiers as well as completion of variety of tasks is ensured by properly functioning technical equipment. Reliability of military vehicles – armoured SISU E13TP Finnish built and HMMWV M1025 USA built were selected as the object of the article. Impact of climatic conditions on reliability of the vehicles exploited in southwestern part of the Atlantic continental forest area is researched by a case study of the vehicles exploitation under conditions of the climate of Lithuania. Reliability of military vehicles depends on a number of factors such as properties of the vehicles and external conditions of their operation. Their systems and mechanisms are influenced by a number of factors that cause different failures. Climatic conditions represent one of the factors of operating load which is directly dependent on the climate zone. Therefore, assessment of the reliability is started with the analysis of climatic factors affecting operating conditions of the vehicles. Relationship between the impact of climatic factors and failure flow of the vehicles is presented and discussed.

CRITICAL REVIEW OF EMULSION STABILITY AND CHARACTERIZATION TECHNIQUES IN OIL PROCESSING

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-36
Author(s):  
Vahideh Angardi ◽  
Ali Ettehadi ◽  
Özgün Yücel
Keyword(s):  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Downstream Processing ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Mathematical Explanations ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Right

Abstract Effective separation of water and oil dispersions is considered a critical step in the determination of technical and economic success in the petroleum industry over the years. Moreover, a deeper understanding of the emulsification process and different affected parameters is essential for cost-effective oil production, transportation, and downstream processing. Numerous studies conducted on the concept of dispersion characterization indicate the importance of this concept, which deserves attention by the scientific community. Therefore, a comprehensive review study with critical analysis on significant concepts will help readers follow them easily. This study is a comprehensive review of the concept of dispersion characterization and conducted studies recently published. The main purposes of this review are to 1) Highlight flaws, 2) Outline gaps and weaknesses, 3) Address conflicts, 4) Prevent duplication of effort, 5) List factors affecting dispersion. It was found that the separation efficiency and stability of dispersions are affected by different chemical and physical factors. Factors affecting the stability of the emulsions have been studied in detail and will help to look for the right action to ensure stable emulsions. In addition, methods of ensuring stability, especially coalescence are highlighted, and coalescence mathematical explanations of phenomena are presented.

scholarly journals Formation of integrated structural units using the systematic and integrated method when implementing high-rise construction projects

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 03075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Abramov
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Structural Unit ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Structural Units ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Reliability Criterion ◽  
Integrated Method ◽  
Destabilizing Factors ◽  
The Impact

Development of design documentation for a future construction project gives rise to a number of issues with the main one being selection of manpower for structural units of the project’s overall implementation system. Well planned and competently staffed integrated structural construction units will help achieve a high level of reliability and labor productivity and avoid negative (extraordinary) situations during the construction period eventually ensuring improved project performance. Research priorities include the development of theoretical recommendations for enhancing reliability of a structural unit staffed as an integrated construction crew. The author focuses on identification of destabilizing factors affecting formation of an integrated construction crew; assessment of these destabilizing factors; based on the developed mathematical model, highlighting the impact of these factors on the integration criterion with subsequent identification of an efficiency and reliability criterion for the structural unit in general. The purpose of this article is to develop theoretical recommendations and scientific and methodological provisions of an organizational and technological nature in order to identify a reliability criterion for a structural unit based on manpower integration and productivity criteria. With this purpose in mind, complex scientific tasks have been defined requiring special research, development of corresponding provisions and recommendations based on the system analysis findings presented herein.

Factors affecting the amplitude of the τ angle in proteins: a revisitation

2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 618-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Balasco ◽  
Luciana Esposito ◽  
Luigi Vitagliano
Keyword(s):  
Protein Structures ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Backbone Conformation ◽  
Potential Factors ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Open Issues

The protein folded state is the result of the fine balance of a variety of different forces. Even minor structural perturbations may have a significant impact on the stability of these macromolecules. Studies carried out in recent decades have led to the convergent view that proteins are endowed with a flexible spine. One of the open issues related to protein local backbone geometry is the identification of the factors that influence the amplitude of the τ (N—Cα—C) angle. Here, statistical analyses performed on an updated ensemble of X-ray protein structures by dissecting the contribution of the major factors that can potentially influence the local backbone geometry of proteins are reported. The data clearly indicate that the local backbone conformation has a prominent impact on the modulation of the τ angle. Therefore, a proper assessment of the impact of the other potential factors can only be appropriately evaluated when small (φ, ψ) regions are considered. Here, it is shown that when the contribution of the backbone conformation is removed by considering small (φ, ψ) areas, an impact of secondary structure, as defined byDSSP, and/or the residue type on τ is still detectable, although to a limited extent. Indeed, distinct τ-value distributions are detected for Pro/Gly and β-branched (Ile/Val) residues. The key role of the local backbone conformation highlighted here supports the use of variable local backbone geometry in protein refinement protocols.

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