scholarly journals Factors Influencing IPO Underpricing in Poland

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (349) ◽  
pp. 7-21
Author(s):  
Przemysław Pomykalski ◽  
Piotr Filipiak
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Initial Public Offering ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Recent Decade ◽  
Ipo Underpricing ◽  
Warsaw Stock Exchange ◽  
Low Interest Rates ◽  
Risk Free Rate ◽  
Public Offering ◽  
Free Rate

We review the theory and evidence on IPO activity and underpricing focusing on the Warsaw Stock Exchange. Although the topic has been under investigation in the past, we believe that the recent decade of low interest rates deserves inquiry. We research the extent of underpricing during this period and further conclude that three factors had a statistically significant influence on initial public offering underpricing during this period: the year of IPO, risk-free rate and WIG close value.

scholarly journals The impact of the january effect on the IPO underpricing in Poland

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-135
Author(s):  
Adrian Wołoszyn ◽  
Dariusz Zarzecki
Keyword(s):  
Initial Public Offering ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
January Effect ◽  
Ipo Underpricing ◽  
Asymmetry Of Information ◽  
Warsaw Stock Exchange ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Public Offering ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Abstract We examine the initial public offering (IPO) underpricing phenomenon in Poland using data from the Warsaw Stock Exchange (the main market). In the article we survey historical average IPO underpricing in Europe and outside Europe. We discuss the determinants of the IPO underpricing which is based on asymmetry of information, ownership and control, institutional explanations and behavioural explanations. We discuss the calendar effect and we examine the influence of the January effect on the IPO underpricing. On the Warsaw Stock Exchange in 2005-2011, the IPO underpricing was bigger for companies that debuted in January than for companies that debuted in other months. The empirical results are not statistically significant.

scholarly journals What Determines the Success of an IPO? Analysis of IPO Underpricing on the Warsaw Stock Exchange

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (55) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Paweł Małachowski ◽  
Dominika Gadowska-dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Venture Capital ◽  
Initial Public Offering ◽  
Private Equity ◽  
Main Part ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Ipo Underpricing ◽  
Warsaw Stock Exchange ◽  
Public Offering

AbstractThis article aimed to analyse the factors that influence the level of underpricing of an initial public offering (IPO) on the Warsaw Stock Exchange (WSE), based on the example of 101 companies debuting on the main market between 2010 and 2019. We discuss the theories that explain IPO underpricing and the research conducted so far on the Polish market. In the main part of the article, we present the results of our study aimed at identifying and characterising the hitherto-unrecognised factors determining IPO underpricing, which is a contribution to the current research on WSE trends. Our findings point to three variables that influence the level of underpricing: the involvement of private equity or venture capital funds in the transaction, the rate of return of the WSE Index in the 6 months before the IPO, and the amount of capital offered during the debut.

APAKAH FAKTOR EKSTERNAL MEMPREDIKSI UNDERPRICING LEBIH BAIK DIBANDINGKAN FAKTOR INTERNAL? STUDI INITIAL PUBLIK OFFERING DI BEI TAHUN 2009-2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saefudin Saefudin ◽  
Tri Gunarsih
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Initial Public Offering ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Sample Selection ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Secondary Market ◽  
Company Size ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Underwriter Reputation ◽  
Public Offering

Underpricing is a phenomenon that still occurs in the Indonesian capital market, where the offering price of shares in the primary market is lower than the opening price or closing price on the first day on the secondary market. This study aims to examine the effect of Return On Assets (ROA), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), company size, underwriter reputation, age, and interest rates on the underpricing of shares in companies’s Initial Public Offering (IPO) listing on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) in 2009 to 2017. The population in this study are companies that conduct IPOs on the BEI period 2009 to 2017. The sample selection in this study uses a purposive sampling method, based on certain criteria. The sample in this study were 183 underpricing companies from 205 companies conducting IPO in the period 2009 to 2017. The data used in this study used secondary data. The multiple regression analysis was implemented in this study. The results showed that DER, company size, and underwriter reputation did not significantly influence underpricing. While ROA, age and interest rates have a significant negative effect on underpricing. In this study, investors consider ROA, age, interest rates compared to DER, company size, and the reputation of the underwriter to invest in companies that make an IPO.Keywords: Underpricing, Initial Public Offering, and Indonesian Stock Exchange.

scholarly journals Initial Public Offering (IPO) as a Potential Source of Capital for the Development of the Wood-based Industry Enterprises in Poland

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-123
Author(s):  
Leszek Wanat ◽  
Łukasz Sarniak ◽  
Elżbieta Mikołajczak
Keyword(s):  
Initial Public Offering ◽  
Capital Market ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Development Level ◽  
Warsaw Stock Exchange ◽  
Order Preference ◽  
Public Offering ◽  
The Capital Market

Abstract The quest for new sources of financing for the development of green economy sectors and enterprises is one of the challenges to effective management. This study verifies whether a relationship exists between the activity of selected companies who access the capital market in search for new financing sources, their development level and their competitive edge. The sample used in this study was composed of companies from the forestry and wood-based sector (a major part of the Polish economy) listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange. The Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) was used to assess the development level of selected enterprises. The main recommendations were formulated based on the findings from the analysis of performance ratios and from the comparative and descriptive analysis of data on stock exchange transactions in the wood-based sector. This is because the assumption was made that by becoming more active in the capital market and, as a consequence, by strengthening their competitive position, the enterprises covered by this study may contribute to adding value in the circular economy.

IPO underpricing and long-term performance in China: the perspective of price limit policy

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuxin Wang ◽  
Guanying Wang
Keyword(s):  
Initial Public Offering ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Ipo Underpricing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Price Limit ◽  
Good Policy ◽  
Public Offering ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore how the price limit policy implemented in 2014 affects initial public offering (IPO) underpricing and long-term performance in China.Design/methodology/approachThe data are the IPOs from Shanghai Stock Exchange (SSE) and Shenzhen Stock Exchange (SZSE) between 2004 and 2018. The data are firstly divided into the IPOs before the price limit policy and the IPOs after the price limit policy according to the time of issuance. Then the two groups are divided into 4 subsamples according to the market blocks and the P/E ratio. The authors use multiple regression models to explore the effect of price limit policy in each subsample.FindingsThe first-day price limit system for IPOs is similar to the upward fuse mechanism, the purpose of which is to suppress IPO underpricing. However, this study finds that the policy does not suppress IPO underpricing, but increases the underpricing rate in all subsamples. Besides, the long-term performance in each subsample is different from each other. Main Board stocks’ long-term performance is worse after the policy. The policy makes Small and Medium Enterprise Board (SME Board) and Growth Enterprise Market Board (GEM Board) stocks with high P/E ratios perform better in the long term. For SME Board and GEM Board stocks with low P/E ratios, the policy makes no significant effect.Practical implicationsGood policy intentions may sometimes lead to counterproductive effects. However, since the long-term performance of each subsample is different, it is difficult to judge whether the policy should continue to be implemented or cancelled. Implementing different policies for different subsamples may be a better way to solve this problem.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the study of IPO underpricing and long-term performance from the perspective of price limit policy.

scholarly journals The Influence of Intellectual Capital Disclosure, Economic Value Added Analysis, and Inclusion of Warrants on the Level of Underpricing in Shares

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 1682
Author(s):  
Muhammad Faisal ◽  
Gerianta Wirawan Yasa
Keyword(s):  
Initial Public Offering ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Economic Value Added ◽  
Ipo Underpricing ◽  
Company Value ◽  
Public Offering

The underpricing phenomenon often occurs when a company conducts an initial public offering or commonly known as IPO (Initial Public Offering). This condition causes stakeholders receive not enough information for assessing the company value. This study aims to analyze the effect of intellectual capital disclosure, economic value added, and inclusion of warrants on the level of underpricing of shares. This research was conducted in all companies that conducted IPOs on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in the period 2012-2014. The number of samples taken was 60 companies, with a purposive sampling technique. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression. The results of testing the partial test hypotheses found that intellectual capital disclosure variables negatively affect the level of underpricing, while the variables of warrants participation have a positive effect on the level of underpricing. The economic value added variable does not affect the level of underpricing. Keywords : Initial Public Offering (IPO), Underpricing, Economic value added, Warrant.

scholarly journals What Impacts IPO Underpricing? Evidence from Dhaka Stock Exchange

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Hossain Sochi ◽  
Raisul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Initial Public Offering ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Agency Cost ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Ipo Underpricing ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Public Offering

Initial Public Offering (IPO) is an important and widely popular research topic among many researchers in finance discipline. This study is prepared to identify the connection among various empirical studies and theories regarding underpricing of IPO in the stock market of Bangladesh. We have chosen the time frame of June 2011 to June 2016 at DSE to conduct the research. In this study, ordinary least square (OLS) regression method is used to identify in what extent the dependent and the independent variables are related in the level of underpricing. The results of the study disclose that oversubscription rate, offer size have substantial influence in IPO underpricing at DSE. On the other hand, offer time and size of the firm do not have significant influence on the level of underpricing. These variables are very significant and play important roles with the level of underpricing at DSE and it shows relation to signaling theory, information asymmetry theory and agency cost theory.

At-Tahur’s IPO: Creating Pakistan’s First Public Company in Pasteurized Dairy Segment

2021 ◽  
pp. 097282012110396
Author(s):  
Sana Tauseef
Keyword(s):  
Initial Public Offering ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Discounted Cash Flow ◽  
Ipo Underpricing ◽  
Strike Price ◽  
Flow Models ◽  
Public Company ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One ◽  
Public Offering

This case examines the initial public offering (IPO) decision made by At-Tahur Limited during 2017. The outstanding performance of the equity market led the company to decide in favour of stock issuance to finance its required expansion. However, soon after the company started its IPO process till the month when the shares were floated in the market, Pakistan Stock Exchange experienced its worst decline since the financial crisis, with the index dropping by 17% over the one year from July 2017 to July 2018. The IPO was oversubscribed, and the company was able to sell its shares at PKR 21 per share, higher than the floor price of PKR 20. The strong demand for the company’s shares and a successfully completed stock offering transaction during one of the most difficult periods in capital market history left the IPO management team confused about whether PKR 21 was an appropriate price for the company’s share and if it was the correct time for the company to go public. The case provides an opportunity to discuss the valuation of unseasoned equity using market multiples and discounted cash flow models. Students are invited to value At-Tahur’s stock in light of the company’s planned expansion and take a position on whether the IPO strike price of PKR 21 was correct. The case also allows for a discussion of IPO trends, costs and benefits of going public and the IPO underpricing phenomenon.

scholarly journals INFORMASI AKUNTANSI DAN NON AKUNTANSI PADA FENOMENA UNDERPRICING YANG TERJADI SAAT PENAWARAN UMUM SAHAM PERDANA PADA PERUSAHAAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lydia Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Information Asymmetry ◽  
Initial Public Offering ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Stock Exchanges ◽  
Ipo Underpricing ◽  
Return On Assets ◽  
True Value ◽  
Initial Return ◽  
The World ◽  
Public Offering

Abstract: In order to expand their business in several ways, for example companies can offer their shares to the general public. Underpricing is a phenomenon that often appears and is experienced by companies that conduct an Initial Public Offering on the various stock exchanges in the world, where the IPO price is set lower than the true value of the company. Underpriced shares often occur because of information asymmetry or inequality of information that occurs in the group of investors who have information and a group of investors who do not have the information about the prospects of the issuer company. This study examined whether the age of the firm, firm size, and return on assets (ROA) affect the level of IPO underpricing on the company at the Indonesian Stock Exchange. This study was measured by Initial Return underpricing. The objects in this study are 32 companies that did the initial public offering in 2002 to 2004 at the Indonesia Stock Exchange and experienced under pricing . Conclusions from the study indicate that the companies age and their size variables are not shown to affect the dependent variable Underpricing, while the variable Return on Assets (ROA) Under pricing are shown to affect the dependent variable at a significant level of 5%.

scholarly journals Motives and effects of the initial public offerings on the Warsaw Stock Exchange

Equilibrium ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Tomasz Sosnowski
Keyword(s):  
Initial Public Offerings ◽  
Initial Public Offering ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Public Offerings ◽  
Warsaw Stock Exchange ◽  
Business Efficiency ◽  
Secondary Shares ◽  
Public Offering

This paper empirically investigates the links between the motives for going public and changes in the market value and efficiency of new stock companies. Using a sample of 200 firms from Warsaw Stock Exchange between 2005 and 2012 I find that the principal purpose of initial public offering is raising additional capital by the company but divestment grounds of initial shareholders are also important. I find evidence that the sale of secondary shares in the initial public offering may be seen as a negative signal at aftermarket performance of the firm. The data reveal that the most adverse long-term changes in the market value and business efficiency are observed for those companies, where in the initial public offering both primary and secondary shares were sold.

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