Role of fly ash in improving soil physical properties and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum)

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. Dhindsa ◽  
R. D. Sharma ◽  
Rakesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Clayey Soil ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Water Holding

The poor infiltration and fine texture of clay soil causes water logging problem and reduces biological activities in soil. In contrast to this, loose particle and higher in filterability in sandy soil results in low water holding capacity and poor nutrient retention. Fly ash, a waste product of thermal power plants, causes environmental pollution and is hazardous to human health. It is produced in plenty; therefore, safe disposal is very difficult. Fly ash may be used as amendment to improve soil properties and plant growth in such soils. The addition of 20% fly ash in clayey soil and up to 30% in sandy soils improved the germination, tillering, plant height, biological and grain yield of wheat. The addition of fly-ash has also shown improvement in the soil properties <italic>viz</italic>. texture, structure and bulk density. Permeability of clay loam soil increased from 0.54cm/hr to 2.14cm/hr by the addition of 50% fly ash whereas it decreased from 23.80 cm/hr to 9.67 cm/hr in sandy soil by 50% fly-ash addition. Water holding capacity of sandy soil also increased from 0.38 cm/cm to 0.53 cm/cm at 50% level.

scholarly journals Use of class C fly ash for stabilization of fine-grained soils

2020 ◽  
Vol 195 ◽  
pp. 06001
Author(s):  
Canan Turan ◽  
Akbar Javadi ◽  
Raffaele Vinai ◽  
Nader Shariatmadari ◽  
Raziyeh Farmani
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Clayey Soil ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Alternative Material ◽  
Stabilized Soil ◽  
Class C ◽  
Burning Coal

Fine-grained soils may have undesired characteristics such as high swelling potential and low strength, thus requiring improvements. One of the stabilization methods involves the use of fly ash. Fly ash is a waste material obtained from burning coal in thermal power plants. The use of fly ash is encouraged as an alternative material for soil stabilization, due to its features such as pozzolanic properties and economic availability. This paper describes the results of an experimental study on stabilization of a clayey soil with fly ash. Unconfined compressive strength (UCS), triaxial and consolidation tests were carried out on samples of kaolinite mixed with class C fly ash at different percentages and cured for 1, 7, and 28 days, in order to study the effects of class C fly ash on the mechanical behaviour of the stabilized soil. The results showed that the inclusion of fly ash significantly improves the strength characteristics of the soil. Curing time was also found to have a significant effect on improving the properties of the soil.

scholarly journals Design of Rigid Pavement by Self Cured Concrete Utilizing Coarse Fly Ash Aggregates and Curing Admixture

2021 ◽  
Vol 889 (1) ◽  
pp. 012011
Author(s):  
Ajay Rana ◽  
Abhishek Sharma ◽  
Kshitij Jassal
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Rigid Pavement ◽  
Natural Aggregates ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ash Aggregates

Abstract In concrete industry, a huge amount of natural aggregates is used in the making of concrete every day. The environment is being exploited by mining for the gain of natural aggregates, resulting in an environmental instability in nature. As a result, an alternate source to substitute natural aggregates in concrete is required. A lot of waste materials have gain attention now a days into the concrete industry as a substitute to natural materials. Fly ash, a waste product of thermal power plants, meets the criterion for being utilised as an aggregate substitute in concrete because of its pozzolanic activity. Coarse fly ash is manufactured using a good manufacturing method and is light in weight. Keeping this into view, the impact of partial replacement of natural coarse aggregates with coarse fly ash aggregates produced using the colds bonded method is explored in this paper. The major focus of this study is on testing for flexural strength of self-cured concrete, as flexural strength is a key criterion for rigid pavement design. In this study, coarse fly ash aggregates are utilised in concrete in different proportions to substitute natural aggregates, and the optimal value for flexural strength is determined using a curing additive. The findings of this experiment indicated that when fly ash aggregates and curing additives were used optimally, the flexure strength improved, which is enough for the construction of rigid pavement as criteria fixed by Indian Standards.

Development of Novel Natural Composites with Fly Ash Reinforcements and Investigation of their Tensile Properties

2016 ◽  
Vol 852 ◽  
pp. 55-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Praveen Kumar ◽  
M. Nalla Mohamed ◽  
K. Kurien Philips ◽  
J. Ashwin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Natural Composites

Increasing demand for special materials leads to new inventions. One of the most promising inventions is the concept of composites. Natural fibers have the potential as a reinforcing material as an alternative to the use of glass, carbon and other synthetic fibers in automotive industries. Among various natural fibers, Kenaf is a widely used fiber due to its easy availability, low density, low production cost and satisfactory mechanical properties. To enhance the mechanical properties of natural fibre composites, strengthening of the matrix and fibre is very much essential. A prospective reinforcement in this regard is fly ash, which is abundantly available as a waste product from thermal power plants. In this paper, a new novel natural composite with epoxy as a resin and reinforcing both bio waste (Kenaf) and industrial waste (Fly ash) has been developed. All the laminates were prepared with a total of 4 plies. Laminates without fly ash filler were also fabricated for comparison purpose. A hand lay-up method was used for the fabrication of composites and was tested as per ASTM standards for evaluation of tensile properties. The effect of fly ash weight percentage (5, 10, 15% wt.) on tensile properties was studied experimentally. Due to the incorporation of fly ash fillers into the kenaf fiber composites, there is considerable improvement in the mechanical properties. Overall results supported the effective utilization of natural composites for automotive applications.

A Review on Utilization of Fly- Ash and Pond-Ash as a Partial Replacement of Cement in Concrete Mix Design

2018 ◽  
pp. 413-418
Author(s):  
Harshkumar Patel ◽  
Yogesh Patel
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Strength Test ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Pond Ash ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Ash Disposal

Now-a-days energy planners are aiming to increase the use of renewable energy sources and nuclear to meet the electricity generation. But till now coal-based power plants are the major source of electricity generation. Disadvantages of coal-based thermal power plants is disposal problem of fly ash and pond ash. It was earlier considered as a total waste and environmental hazard thus its use was limited, but now its useful properties have been known as raw material for various application in construction field. Fly ash from the thermal plants is available in large quantities in fine and coarse form. Fine fly ash is used in construction industry in some amount and coarse fly ash is subsequently disposed over land in slurry forms. In India around 180 MT fly is produced and only around 45% of that is being utilized in different sectors. Balance fly ash is being disposed over land. It needs one acre of land for ash disposal to produce 1MW electricity from coal. Fly ash and pond ash utilization helps to reduce the consumption of natural resources. The fly ash became available in coal based thermal power station in the year 1930 in USA. For its gainful utilization, scientist started research activities and in the year 1937, R.E. Davis and his associates at university of California published research details on use of fly ash in cement concrete. This research had laid foundation for its specification, testing & usages. This study reports the potential use of pond-ash and fly-ash as cement in concrete mixes. In this present study of concrete produced using fly ash, pond ash and OPC 53 grade will be carried. An attempt will be made to investigate characteristics of OPC concrete with combined fly ash and pond ash mixed concrete for Compressive Strength test, Split Tensile Strength test, Flexural Strength test and Durability tests. This paper deals with the review of literature for fly-ash and pond-ash as partial replacement of cement in concrete.

scholarly journals Preparation of Synthetic Zeolites from Coal Fly Ash by Hydrothermal Synthesis

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1267
Author(s):  
David Längauer ◽  
Vladimír Čablík ◽  
Slavomír Hredzák ◽  
Anton Zubrik ◽  
Marek Matik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Coal Combustion ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Coal Fly Ash ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Product Analysis ◽  
Coal Combustion Products ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Silica Alumina

Large amounts of coal combustion products (as solid products of thermal power plants) with different chemical and physical properties cause serious environmental problems. Even though coal fly ash is a coal combustion product, it has a wide range of applications (e.g., in construction, metallurgy, chemical production, reclamation etc.). One of its potential uses is in zeolitization to obtain a higher added value of the product. The aim of this paper is to produce a material with sufficient textural properties used, for example, for environmental purposes (an adsorbent) and/or storage material. In practice, the coal fly ash (No. 1 and No. 2) from Czech power plants was firstly characterized in detail (X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX), particle size measurement, and textural analysis), and then it was hydrothermally treated to synthetize zeolites. Different concentrations of NaOH, LiCl, Al2O3, and aqueous glass; different temperature effects (90–120 °C); and different process lengths (6–48 h) were studied. Furthermore, most of the experiments were supplemented with a crystallization phase that was run for 16 h at 50 °C. After qualitative product analysis (SEM-EDX, XRD, and textural analytics), quantitative XRD evaluation with an internal standard was used for zeolitization process evaluation. Sodalite (SOD), phillipsite (PHI), chabazite (CHA), faujasite-Na (FAU-Na), and faujasite-Ca (FAU-Ca) were obtained as the zeolite phases. The content of these zeolite phases ranged from 2.09 to 43.79%. The best conditions for the zeolite phase formation were as follows: 4 M NaOH, 4 mL 10% LiCl, liquid/solid ratio of 30:1, silica/alumina ratio change from 2:1 to 1:1, temperature of 120 °C, process time of 24 h, and a crystallization phase for 16 h at 50 °C.

scholarly journals Assessment of Characteristics of Acid Mine Drainage Treated with Fly Ash

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 3910
Author(s):  
Saba Shirin ◽  
Aarif Jamal ◽  
Christina Emmanouil ◽  
Akhilesh Kumar Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Mineralogical Characterization ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Abandoned Coal Mines

Acid mine drainage (AMD) occurs naturally in abandoned coal mines, and it contains hazardous toxic elements in varying concentrations. In the present research, AMD samples collected from an abandoned mine were treated with fly ash samples from four thermal power plants in Singrauli Coalfield in the proximate area, at optimized concentrations. The AMD samples were analyzed for physicochemical parameters and metal content before and after fly ash treatment. Morphological, geochemical and mineralogical characterization of the fly ash was performed using SEM, XRF and XRD. This laboratory-scale investigation indicated that fly ash had appreciable neutralization potential, increasing AMD pH and decreasing elemental and sulfate concentrations. Therefore, fly ash may be effectively used for AMD neutralization, and its suitability for the management of coalfield AMD pits should be assessed further.

scholarly journals Effect of Lignite Fly Ash on the Growth and Reproduction of Earthworm Eisenia fetida

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 511-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sarojini ◽  
S. Ananthakrishnasamy ◽  
G. Manimegala ◽  
M. Prakash ◽  
G. Gunasekaran
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Eisenia Fetida ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Lignite Fly Ash ◽  
Agricultural Use ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

Fly ash is an amorphous ferroalumino silicate, an important solid waste around thermal power plants. It creates problems leading to environmental degradation due to improper utilization or disposal. However, fly ash is a useful ameliorant that may improve the physical, chemical and biological properties of soils and is a source of readily available plant macro and micronutrients when it is used with biosolids. Supply of nutrients from fly ash with biosolids may enhance their agricultural use. The growth and reproduction ofEisenia fetidawas studied during vermicomposting of fly ash with cowdung and pressmud in four different proportions (T1,T2,T3& T4) and one controli.e.,cow dung and pressmud alone. The growth, cocoon and hatchlings production were observed at the interval of 15 days over a period of 60 days. The maximum worm growth and reproduction was observed in bedding material alone. Next to that the T1was observed as the best mixture for vermiculture.

TRACE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF FLY ASH BY PIXE

1999 ◽  
Vol 09 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 417-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. VIJAYAN ◽  
S. N. BEHERA
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Trace Element Analysis ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Solid Material ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Element Analysis

Fly ash is a major component of solid material generated by the coal-fired thermal power plants. In India the total amount of fly ash produced per annum is around 100 million tonnes. Fly ash has a great potential for utilization in making industrial products such as cement, bricks as well as building materials, besides being used as a soil conditioner and a provider of micro nutrients in agriculture. However, given the large amount of fly ash that accumulate at thermal power plants, their possible reuse and dispersion and mobilization into the environment of the various elements depend on climate, soils, indigenous vegetation and agriculture practices. Fly ash use in agriculture improved various physico-chemical properties of soil, particularly the water holding capacity, porosity and available plant nutrients. However it is generally apprehended that the application of large quantity of fly ash in fields may affect the plant growth and soil texture. Hence there is a need to characterize trace elements of fly ash. The results of trace element analysis of fly ash and pond ash samples collected from major thermal power plants of India by Particle Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) have been discussed.

The Latest Research in Mongolia on the Utilization of Coal Combustion By-Products

2021 ◽  
Vol 323 ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Jadambaa Temuujin ◽  
Damdinsuren Munkhtuvshin ◽  
Claus H. Ruescher
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Coal Combustion ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Power Stations ◽  
Thermal Power Stations ◽  
Coal Ashes ◽  
By Products

With a geological reserve of over 170 billion tons, coal is the most abundant energy source in Mongolia with six operating thermal power stations. Moreover, in Ulaanbaatar city over 210000 families live in the Ger district and use over 800000 tons of coal as a fuel. The three thermal power plants in Ulaanbaatar burn about 5 million tons of coal, resulting in more than 500000 tons of coal combustion by-products per year. Globally, the ashes produced by thermal power plants, boilers, and single ovens pose serious environmental problems. The utilization of various types of waste is one of the factors determining the sustainability of cities. Therefore, the processing of wastes for re-use or disposal is a critical topic in waste management and materials research. According to research, the Mongolian capital city's air and soil quality has reached a disastrous level. The main reasons for air pollution in Ulaanbaatar are reported as being coal-fired stoves of the Ger residential district, thermal power stations, small and medium-sized low-pressure furnaces, and motor vehicles. Previously, coal ashes have been used to prepare advanced materials such as glass-ceramics with the hardness of 6.35 GPa, geopolymer concrete with compressive strength of over 30 MPa and zeolite A with a Cr (III) removal capacity of 35.8 mg/g. Here we discuss our latest results on the utilization of fly ash for preparation of a cement stabilized base layer for paved roads, mechanically activated fly ash for use in concrete production, and coal ash from the Ger district for preparation of an adsorbent. An addition of 20% fly ash to 5-8% cement made from a mixture of road base gave a compressive strength of ~ 4MPa, which exceeds the standard. Using coal ashes from Ger district prepared a new type of adsorbent material capable of removing various organic pollutants from tannery water was developed. This ash also showed weak leaching characteristics in water and acidic environment, which opens up an excellent opportunity to utilize.

Experimental Study on Various Mineral Admixtures in Fibre Reinforced Concrete

2019 ◽  
pp. 309-317
Author(s):  
Kavitha E ◽  
Karthik S ◽  
Eithya B ◽  
Seenirajan M
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Mineral Admixtures ◽  
Hardened Concrete ◽  
Polypropylene Fibres ◽  
Concrete Production

The quantity of fly ash produced from thermal power plants in India is approximately 80 million tons each year, and its percentage utilization is less than 10%. An attempt has been made to utilize these cheaper materials in concrete production. This thesis aims at investigating the characteristics of fresh concrete and various strengths of hardened concrete made with various mineral admixtures such as fly ash. GGBFS, silica fume. Rice husk ash along with polypropylene fibres in various proportions.  M20 grade concrete is considered for experimental studies with 53grade Ordinary Portland Cement blended with varying percentages of mineral admixtures. The maximum size of coarse aggregate used is 20mm.  Various mineral admixtures such as fly ash. GGBFS.Silica fume. Rice Husk Ash were added concrete in various percentages by partially replacing cement and the optimum percentage of the mineral admixtures will be found.  Based on the obtained values, the admixture with maximum mechanical strength is determined and to this polypropylene fibre is added by varying 0 to 0.5 % by weight of cement to the mix.  The test results obtained were compared and discussed with conventional concrete.

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