Comparative Study on Phenotypic Differences in Eothenomys Miletus Under Food Restriction and Refeeding Between Xianggelila and Jianchuan from Hengduan Mountain Regions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-min , Xiao-ying Ren, Wan-long Zhu, Hou ◽  
Xiao-ying Ren ◽  
Wan-long Zhu ◽  
Hao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Plasticity ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Mountain Regions ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Hengduan Mountain ◽  
Activity Behavior ◽  
Hypothalamic Neuropeptides ◽  
Eothenomys Miletus

Body mass regulation may be appeared regional differences, in order to investigate the physiological and behavioral changes in Eothenomys miletus from Shanggelila (XGLL) and Jianchuan (JC) under food restriction (FR) and refeeding (Re), body mass, food intake, resting metabolic rate (RMR), serum leptin levels, hypothalamic neuropeptides expression and activity behavior were measured. The results showed that areas and FR had significant effects on body mass, food intake, RMR, activity behavior, serum leptin levels, hypothalamic neuropeptides expression, masses of liver and small intestine in E. miletus. Body mass and serum leptin levels in XGLL were lower than that of JC, food intake, activity behavior, liver mass and RMR in XGLL were higher relative to in JC. All the indexes of the two areas of E. miletus can be restored to control levels after refeeding, showing phenotypic plasticity. In conclusion, physiological and behavioral characteristics illustrated that the influences of food and different regions on phenotypic plasticity, which had important significance for in-depth understanding of the survival and adaptation strategies of E. miletus in Hengduan mountain regions.

Plasticity in food intake, thermogenesis and body mass in the tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri) is affected by food restriction and refeeding

2016 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-rong Gao ◽  
Wan-long Zhu ◽  
Fang-yan Ye ◽  
Mu-lin Zuo ◽  
Zheng-kun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Ad Libitum

Physiological adjustments are important strategies for small mammals in response to variation in food availability. To determine the physiological mechanisms affected by food restriction and refeeding, tree shrews were restricted to 85% of initial food intake for 4 weeks and refedad libitumfor another 4 weeks. Changes in food intake, body mass, thermogenesis, body composition, mitochondrial cytochromecoxidase activity, uncoupling protein-1 content in brown adipose tissue and serum leptin levels were measured. The results showed that body mass, body fat mass and serum leptin levels significantly decreased in food restricted tree shrews, and increased when the restriction ended, showing a short “compensatory growth” rather than over-weight or obesity compared withad libitumcontrols. Resting metabolic rate, non-shivering thermogenesis, brown adipose tissue mass (mg), and uncoupling protein-1 content decreased significantly in response to food restriction, and returned to the control levels after the animals were refedad libitum, while the brown adipose tissue mass (%) and cytochromecoxidase activity remained stable during food restriction and refeeding. Food intake increased shortly after refeeding, which perhaps contributed to the rapid regaining of body mass. These results suggest thatTupaia belangerican adjust the status of its physiology integratively to cope with the lack of food by means of decreasing body mass, thermogenesis and serum leptin levels. Leptin may act as a starvation signal to predominantly mediate the reduction in body mass and energy expenditure.

Serum leptin levels and energy expenditure in normal weight women

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
L J Martin ◽  
PJH Jones ◽  
R V Considine ◽  
W Su ◽  
N F Boyd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Percentage Body Fat ◽  
Healthy Humans

To investigate whether circulating leptin levels are associated with energy expenditure in healthy humans, doubly labeled water energy measurements and food intake assessment were carried out in 27 women (mean age, 48.6 years; weight, 61.9 kg; body mass index, 23.2). Energy expenditure was determined over 13 days. Food intake was measured by 7-day food records. Leptin was measured by radioimmunoassay. Leptin level was strongly associated with percentage body fat (r = 0.59; p < 0.001), fat mass (r = 0.60; p < 0.001), and body mass index (r = 0.41; p = 0.03), but no correlation was observed with energy expenditure (r = 0.02; p = 0.93). After controlling for percentage body fat, a positive association of leptin level with energy expenditure of marginal significance (p = 0.06) was observed. There were no significant univariate associations of age, physical activity, lean body mass, height, or dietary variables with leptin level. When controlling for body fat, a significant positive correlation was observed for percent energy from carbohydrate and negative correlations with dietary fat and alcohol intake. These findings confirm previous associations between leptin and body fat content and suggest a relationship between serum leptin and energy expenditure level in healthy humans.Key words: leptin, energy expenditure, body composition, diet.

Adaptive characters of energy metabolism, thermogenesis and body mass in Eothenomys miletus during cold exposure and rewarming

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhu Wan-long ◽  
Cai Jin-hong ◽  
Lian Xiao ◽  
Wang Zheng-kun
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Body Mass Regulation ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Eothenomys Miletus

Environmental cues play important roles in the regulation of an animal’s physiology and behavior. The purpose of the present study was to test the hypothesis that ambient temperature was a cue to induce adjustments in body mass, energy intake and thermogenic capacity, associated with changes in serum leptin levels inEothenomys miletus. We found thatE. miletusincreased resting metabolic rate (RMR) and energy intake and decreased body mass when exposed to cold while it showed a significant increase in body mass after rewarming. The increase in body mass after rewarming was associated with the higher energy intake compared with the control. Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) content in brown adipose tissue (BAT) increased in the cold and reversed after rewarming. Serum leptin levels decreased in the cold while increased after rewarming, associated with the opposite changes in energy intake. Further, serum leptin levels were positively correlated with body mass and body fat mass. Together, these data supported our hypothesis that ambient temperature was a cue to induce changes in body mass and metabolism. Serum leptin, as a starvation signal in the cold and satiety signal in rewarming, was involved in the processes of thermogenesis and body mass regulation inE. miletus.

Effects of food restriction on body mass, energy metabolism and thermogenesis in a tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue-na Gong ◽  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Di Zhang ◽  
Wan-long Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Tree Shrew ◽  
Tree Shrews ◽  
Tupaia Belangeri ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Food Shortages ◽  
Ad Libitum

AbstractThis study investigates the energy strategies of a small mammal in response to food shortages as a function of food restriction (FR), metabolic rate and ambient temperature. We subjected tree shrews (Tupaia belangeri) to FR and measured body mass, survival rate, resting metabolic rate (RMR), nonshivering thermogenesis (NST) and cytochrome c oxidase (COX) activity of brown adipose tissue (BAT). Cold-exposed animals restricted to 80% of ad libitum food intake had significantly increased RMR and NST and decreased body mass and survival rates compared with those kept at room temperature on the same FR level. Animals classified has having a high RMR consumed 30.69% more food than those classified as having a low RMR, but showed no differences in body mass or survival when restricted to 80% of ad libitum food intake. These results indicate that tree shrews, known for their relatively high metabolic rates, are sensitive to periods of FR, which supports the metabolic switch hypothesis. Our findings are also consistent with the prediction that small mammals with food hoarding behaviors, like tree shrews, may have a lower tolerance for food shortages than non-hoarding species.

Effects of food restriction on body mass, thermogenesis and serum leptin level inApodemus chevrieri(Mammalia: Rodentia: Muridae)

2013 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. L. Zhu ◽  
Y. Mu ◽  
H. Zhang ◽  
L. Zhang ◽  
Z. K. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Serum Leptin

Serum leptin is not correlated with body fat in severe food restriction

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 1063-1071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Gairdner ◽  
Catherine E. Amara
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Ad Libitum

Leptin is an adipose-derived hormone with established roles in energy balance that can impact the response to refeeding after malnutrition. Although the amount of circulating leptin has traditionally been associated with the amount of adipose tissue, controversy exists as to whether this relationship is constant in both humans and animals and over a wide range of body composition. Our objective was to evaluate whether the leptin – body fat ratio is constant in the range of healthy to low body mass in female Wistar rats. Eight ad libitum fed (C) and eight food-restricted (FR) rats were compared over a period of four weeks. FR rats attained the target 75% of baseline body mass after the first two weeks, which was maintained for the remaining two weeks. Serum leptin and IGF-1 (ELISA) and body composition (DXA) were measured at baseline (t0) and once weekly for the remainder of the study (t1–t4). The leptin – body fat ratio was reduced during the two-week period of weight loss (t0 = 0.036 ± 0.016 (ng·mL–1)·g–1 vs. t1 = 0.010 ± 0.004 (ng·mL–1)·g–1 and t2 = 0.015 ± 0.007 (ng·mL–1)·g–1, p < 0.05). Leptin concentration plateaued at its nadir (~0.24 (ng·mL–1)·g–1) at fat mass < 22 g. IGF-1 was correlated with lean mass (r = 0.45, p < 0.05) and fat mass (r = 0.58, p < 0.05), regardless of body mass. We concluded that the leptin – body fat ratio was reduced early in food restriction and the correlation between these two variables was absent at low body fat.

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