Physiological, Hematological, Biochemical and Thermographic Changes on Supplementation of Rumen Protected Methionine and Choline in Transition Surti Buffaloes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.D. Rathwa ◽  
S.S. Chaudhary ◽  
V.K. Singh ◽  
S.B. Patel ◽  
T.D. Manat
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Infrared Thermography ◽  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Cortisol Levels

Background: Methionine and choline may play role in maintaining health by metabolic optimization in transition Surti buffaloes. Present study has evaluated physiological, hematological, biochemical and thermographic changes on supplementation of rumen protected methionine and choline in transition Surti buffaloes. Methods: 27 Surti buffaloes were divided in 3 groups (n=9) as G-I, G-II and G-III. Apart from basal diet offered to G-I (control), supplementation of RPM in G-II and RPM+RPC in G-III was done from -15 d to 30 d postpartum. Dose per/animal/day of RPM and RPC was 10 g and 50 g respectively. Blood collection, measurement of meteorology, BCS, physiological parameters and infrared thermography were done -15 d, 1st, 3rd and 6th week of calving. Result: RPM and RPC supplementation increased BCS, blood glucose, TP, ALB, T3, T4, Ca, P and Mg levels and decreased BUN, Cr, AST, ALT, GGT, GLDH and cortisol levels during transition period in Surti buffaloes. RPM and RPC supplementation also decreased RT, TT and ET at 1st week postpartum period in Surti buffaloes. Supplementation of RPM +RPC as compared to RPM alone, gave better results in terms of biochemical analytes in transition Surti buffaloes.

scholarly journals Soybean oil and calcium salts of fatty acids as fat sources for Holstein dairy cows in transition period

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jefferson Rodrigues Gandra ◽  
Jose Esler de Freitas Junior ◽  
Milton Maturna Filho ◽  
Rafael Villela Barletta ◽  
Lenita Camargo Verdurico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Calcium Salts ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of using different lipid sources in diets for dairy cows during the transition period and early lactation on productive performance and physiological parameters in Holstein cows. The cows were fed with the following diets: 1) control; 2) Refined soybean oil; 3) Calcium salts of unsaturated fatty acids (Megalac-E). Diets were formulated to meet the nutritional requirements of cows during the pre-partum and postpartum period. The experimental diets affected the dry matter intake, body weight, body condition score, and energy balance in the postpartum period. The experimental diets did not affect the biochemical parameters in serum: glucose, total protein, albumin, urea, serum urea nitrogen, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, non-esterified fatty acids, β-hydroxybutyrate, aspartate aminotransferase, γ-glutamyl transferase, alkaline phosphatase, also not being observed differences between the contrasts analyzed. The lipid sources soybean oil and calcium salts not directly influence the plasmatic physiological parameters of dairy cows in the period transition. But, fat supplementation in the transition period resulted in a better metabolic status and productive performance, mainly improving energy balance post-partum

scholarly journals The Correlation between Play Behavior, Serum Cortisol and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Welfare Assessment of Dairy Calves within the First Month of Life

Dairy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Asahi Ogi ◽  
Marco Campera ◽  
Sara Ienco ◽  
Francesca Bonelli ◽  
Chiara Mariti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Play Behavior ◽  
Neutrophil To Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Dairy Calves ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Welfare Assessment ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Arena Test

Welfare assessment of dairy calves is commonly conducted through the observation of their behavior and the analysis of physiological parameters. Despite the large number of studies on this topic, there is a lack of research on the possible correlation between the physiological parameters and behavior at basal level in dairy calves. For this reason, the present study aimed to investigate the possible correlations between serum cortisol, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (N/L) and locomotor play behavior in 21 Friesian dairy calves within their first month of life. Every week, an arena test after blood collection was performed. A significant positive correlation between serum cortisol levels and N/L (rrm = 0.381; 95% CI = 0.083, 0.617; p = 0.012) and a negative correlation between time spent running and N/L (rrm = −0.351; 95% CI = −0.575, −0.077; p = 0.012) were found. On the contrary, no significant correlation between time spent running and cortisol levels was detected. Cortisol levels and N/L were higher in the newborn and had a constant decrease until reaching a stable value after the 24th day of life. These findings suggest a better predictivity of N/L, compared to serum cortisol, on locomotor play behavior.

scholarly journals Infrared thermography to assess thermoregulatory reactions of buffaloes supplemented with antioxidant and dense energy source in summer season

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-248
Author(s):  
YALLAPPA M. SOMAGOND ◽  
S. V. SINGH ◽  
ADITYA DESHPANDE ◽  
PARVENDER SHEORAN ◽  
V. P. CHAHAL
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Infrared Thermography ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group I ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Region Temperature ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Lower Magnitude

Twenty-four lactating buffaloes were chosen and subsequently divided into 4 groups i.e. group-I (control), group-II (supplemented astaxanthin at 0.25 mg kg-1 BW/day), group-III (prill fat at 100 g day-1), and group-IV (combination). Surface body temperature at different anatomical regions of buffaloes was recorded using infrared thermography (IRT), rectal temperature using a digital thermometer, and cortisol hormone by ELISA kit at the fortnightly interval. Forehead region temperature showed a higher correlation (0.390) with THI compared to other anatomical regions. The change in surface body temperature was positively correlated with THI and cortisol levels. The increase in the IRT temperature at different anatomical sites of buffaloes was at a lower magnitude in treatment groups compared to the control group. Udder surface temperature was higher in peak lactation and high producing buffaloes. Forehead region temperature showed a close relationship with rectal temperature and cortisol levels of buffaloes. According to the research findings, astaxanthin and prill fat can be used in ameliorating heat stress. Infrared thermography (non-invasive method) of the forehead and udder can be used as indicators for measuring the heat stress and production levels of buffaloes, respectively.

scholarly journals Physiological and Immunological Effects of Rosemary Essential Oil in Growing Rabbit Diets

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 485
Author(s):  
M. R. El-Gogary ◽  
E. A. El-Said ◽  
A. M. Mansour
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Blood Constituents ◽  
Basal Group ◽  
Rosemary Essential Oil

The efficacy of rosemary essential oil (REO), as feed additive, on growth and blood constituents of growing New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits was evaluated. Thirty six NZW were distributed into four groups: 1 control and 3 treated groups. The control was fed the basal diet, while feeds of other treatments were fortified with 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75 g/kg REO for groups 2, 3 and 4, respectively. The criteria of response were growth performance, carcass traits, blood glucose, plasma lipids, immunoglobulins, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA) and testosterone concentrations. Results revealed that REO supplementation had no critical impacts on growth performance, carcass yeild or blood glucose. Rabbits recieving dietary REO exhibited lower lipid profile and higher immunoglobulins A than those of the control. The treated rabbits displayed significantly higher TAC than the basal group with the best reaction for those fed G3 diet. In a similar way, MDA was reduced essentially by including REO. There was a significant increase in testosterone levels due to added REO. The present results indicate that supplemental REO at 0.5 g/kg of diet has a beneficial impact on lipid profile, immunity and antioxidant status of rabbits.

scholarly journals Metabolic Stress in the Transition Period of Dairy Cows: Focusing on the Prepartum Period

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1419
Author(s):  
Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini ◽  
Jo L. M. R. Leroy ◽  
Geert Opsomer
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Metabolic Stress ◽  
Negative Energy ◽  
Spontaneous Reduction ◽  
Fat Mobilization ◽  
Transition Dairy Cows

All modern, high-yielding dairy cows experience a certain degree of reduced insulin sensitivity, negative energy balance, and systemic inflammation during the transition period. Maladaptation to these changes may result in excessive fat mobilization, dysregulation of inflammation, immunosuppression, and, ultimately, metabolic or infectious disease in the postpartum period. Up to half of the clinical diseases in the lifespan of high-yielding dairy cows occur within 3 weeks of calving. Thus, the vast majority of prospective studies on transition dairy cows are focused on the postpartum period. However, predisposition to clinical disease and key (patho)physiological events such as a spontaneous reduction in feed intake, insulin resistance, fat mobilization, and systemic inflammation already occur in the prepartum period. This review focuses on metabolic, adaptive events occurring from drying off until calving in high-yielding cows and discusses determinants that may trigger (mal)adaptation to these events in the late prepartum period.

scholarly journals Occurrence of brucellosis, leptospirosis and neosporosis in cows with retained placenta in Southwest Paraná, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 1537-1542
Author(s):  
Yuri F. Porto ◽  
Adalgiza Pinto Neto ◽  
Fabrício Bernardi ◽  
Marina Gabriela Possa ◽  
Marcelo F. Mota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transition Period ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Family Farms ◽  
Retained Placenta ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
False Negative Results ◽  
Leptospira Serovars ◽  
Southwest Region

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to measure the occurrence of brucellosis, leptospirosis and neosporosis in cows from 25 family farms milk, with semi-intensive grazing system, located in the Southwest region of Paraná, Brazil. Eighty-four cows with retained placenta, between July 2013 to July 2014, diagnosed by the presence of fetal membranes in the uterus up to 12 hours after partum, decrease of appetite and of milk production, as well increase of rectal temperature were included into the study. The animals were submitted to blood collection for evaluating the seropositivity for brucellosis, leptospirosis and neosporosis. The blood was collected at 15 to 45 days postpartum, avoiding false negative results due to immune deficiency observed in the transition period. After collection, the blood was centrifuged, the serum was packed in three aliquots, identified and subsequently frozen. Serology was performed to diagnose brucellosis (technique of buffered acidified antigen), leptospirosis (through the microscopic agglutination test - MAT) and neosporosis (indirect immunofluorescence test). Animals were considered positive when presenting titer >1:100 (leptospirosis) and 1:200 (neosporosis). No animal with placenta retention presented Brucella abortus bacteria; 39% (33/84) were reactive to one or more Leptospira serovars, 15% (13/84) were positive to Neospora caninum, and 4% (4/84) had both diagnosis, being reactive for leptospirosis and neosporosis. In conclusion, data from this experiment inspires greater attention to leptospirosis and neosporosis in dairy cattle presenting placenta retention in southwest Paraná.

scholarly journals Effect of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) on Fasting Blood Glucose and HbA1c in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Male Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
Fatema Akter ◽  
Nasim Jahan ◽  
Nayma Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a heterogeneous group of metabolic disorders with micro and macrovascular complications which are the major causes of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. Peanut due to its anti-oxidant property can reduce blood glucose level and may reduce the risk of diabetes. Objective: To observe the anti-diabetic effects of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in alloxaninduced diabetic male rats. Method: This experimental study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Sir Salimullah Medical College (SSMC), Dhaka in 2013. For this purpose, 15 wistar albino male rats, aged 90-120 days, weighing 160-200 g (initial body weight) were included in the experimental group (DG-A-P). Age and weight matched 20 wistar albino rats without peanut supplementation was taken as control and divided into (BC and DC-A) . All groups of animals received basal diet for 21 consecutive days. In addition to basal diet, animals of DC-A received alloxan intraperitoneally only on the first day of the study. Moreover, animals of DG-A-P also received peanut extract for 21 consecutive days. After 16 hours of fasting blood samples were collected from tail vein of all rats on day-1 and day- 3. After taking final body weight all the rats were sacrificed on 22nd day. Their pancreas was removed and weighed. To observe glycemic control serum blood glucose and blood HbA1c levels were measured by usual laboratory technique. ANOVA, independent t-test and paired t-test were used for statistical analysis. Result: The % change of body weight was significantly (p<0.001) lower in DC-A in comparison to that of BC. The weight of pancreas was significantly lower in DC-A (p<0.001) and DG-A-P (p<0.05) when compared to that BC, whereas this level was significantly higher (p<0.001) in DG-A-P than that of DC-A. The mean fasting blood glucose level on day-3 was significantly (p<0.001) higher in DC-A and DG-A-P in comparison to that of BC. Then this level was significantly (p<0.001) lower in DG-A-P in comparison to that of DC-A on day-22. Moreover, significantly higher levels of HbA1c were observed in DC-A (p<0.001) and DG-A-P (p<0.05) in comparison to those of BC. Again, significantly (p<0.001) lower level of blood HbA1c were observed in DG-A-P than those of DC-A. Conclusion: From this study, it can be concluded that peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) has anti-diabetic effect by reducing fasting blood glucose, HbA1c levels. This anti-diabetic effect may be due to its high MUFA content and anti-oxidant property. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v9i2.22796 Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2014, December; 9(2): 48-53

Effect of Mode of Blood Collection Procedures on Blood Glucose

1994 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 2261-2265
Author(s):  
S. M. Kelkar ◽  
G. S. Kaklij
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Collection

scholarly journals Effect of Selective Medicinal Plant Extract on Blood Glucose, Sperm Shape and Various Physiological Parameters

2015 ◽  
Vol 06 (08) ◽  
pp. 1109-1115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salla Hemadri Reddy ◽  
Ibtisam Saif Al-Neeri ◽  
Hadeel Khalifa Al-Issaei ◽  
Sara Mohammed Al-Jabri
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Physiological Parameters

scholarly journals Effects Of Acute Metformin Intake On Physiological Parameters And Performance Before, During And After High-intensity Interval Training Of Swimmers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus Silva Norberto ◽  
TARINE BOTTA DE ARRUDA ◽  
VITOR LUIS DE ANDRADE ◽  
JONATAS AUGUSTO CURSIOL ◽  
GUSTAVO GOMES DE ARAUJO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Lactate ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Peripheral Fatigue ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Abstract BACKGROUND: Metformin has shown potential to improve metabolic efficiency in short-intense efforts, prolonged-continuous efforts and recovery after supramaximal effort (i.e., phosphocreatine resynthesis). Metformin administration may be beneficial for high-intensity interval training session. The aim of the present study was to investigate the acute metformin administration effects on performance, rating of perceived exertion (RPE), blood lactate, blood glucose and neuromuscular parameters related to a swimming series of high-intensity.METHODS: A double-blind, cross-over, randomized and placebo-controlled study was carried out. Seven healthy swimmers ingested MET (500mg) or placebo capsule on different days and performed a typical glycolytic session of high-intensity (i.e., lactate production objective). Bout time, RPE, neuromuscular parameters, blood lactate and glucose were analyzed. Cohen’s d analysis with inference based on magnitude was adopted (confidence interval set at 90%).RESULTS: There was an improvement in the performance of the second effort (72/28/0). Blood glucose during the series presented possible effects for decrease (96/3/1, 78/21/0, 93/6/1 after the 4th, 6th and 8th effort respectively) followed by a possible increase effect at the end of the series (1/6/93).Blood lactate showed a similar behavior of a possible decrease during the series (94/5/1, 60/40/0, 90/9/1 after the 4th, 6th and 8th effort respectively), followed by a possible increase effect at the end of the series (1/5/94). It was evidenced a possible increase effect on voluntary activation for lower limbs (91/8/1) without characterization of central and peripheral fatigue.CONCLUSION: Metformin alters physiological parameters during and after maximal intermittent efforts in swimming without enhancement on performance.

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