scholarly journals Physiological and Immunological Effects of Rosemary Essential Oil in Growing Rabbit Diets

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 485
Author(s):  
M. R. El-Gogary ◽  
E. A. El-Said ◽  
A. M. Mansour
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Blood Constituents ◽  
Basal Group ◽  
Rosemary Essential Oil

The efficacy of rosemary essential oil (REO), as feed additive, on growth and blood constituents of growing New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits was evaluated. Thirty six NZW were distributed into four groups: 1 control and 3 treated groups. The control was fed the basal diet, while feeds of other treatments were fortified with 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75 g/kg REO for groups 2, 3 and 4, respectively. The criteria of response were growth performance, carcass traits, blood glucose, plasma lipids, immunoglobulins, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA) and testosterone concentrations. Results revealed that REO supplementation had no critical impacts on growth performance, carcass yeild or blood glucose. Rabbits recieving dietary REO exhibited lower lipid profile and higher immunoglobulins A than those of the control. The treated rabbits displayed significantly higher TAC than the basal group with the best reaction for those fed G3 diet. In a similar way, MDA was reduced essentially by including REO. There was a significant increase in testosterone levels due to added REO. The present results indicate that supplemental REO at 0.5 g/kg of diet has a beneficial impact on lipid profile, immunity and antioxidant status of rabbits.

scholarly journals Effects of hydrolyzed yeast supplementation on growth performance, immunity, antioxidant capacity, and microbial shedding in weaning pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1902-1909
Author(s):  
Waewaree Boontiam ◽  
Chalong Wachirapakorn ◽  
Phreerapong Phaengphairee
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Large White ◽  
Weaning Pigs

Background and Aim: Weaning pigs normally suffer from many stressors which have impaired growth performance and immunity. Hydrolyzed yeast has been proposed as an alternative feed additive. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of various levels of hydrolyzed yeast (HY) supplementation in the feed of weaning pigs on growth performance, diarrhea incidence, immunity, antioxidant capacity, and microbial populations. Materials and Methods: A total of 144 crossbred weaning pigs (Duroc × Landrace × Large White) with a mean body weight (BW) of 7.46 kg were randomly assigned to one of four treatments during a 5-week feeding trial. Treatments consisted of a basal diet without HY inclusion (control), or the basal diet supplemented with HY at 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 g/kg of diet, respectively. Results: Piglets fed with 1.0 or 1.5 g/kg HY presented significantly increased BW (p=0.009) and decreased incidence of diarrhea (p=0.001). The final BW (p=0.012), average daily gain (p=0.094), and average daily feed intake (p=0.091) showed a linear improvement with the level of HY inclusion. However, the gain-to-feed ratio was unaffected by dietary treatments. Linear responses to the HY supplementation levels were also observed for blood urea nitrogen (p=0.030), total protein (p=0.017), lymphocyte percentage (p=0.064), catalase activity (p=0.089), malondialdehyde (MDA) level (p=0.001), Salmonella spp. (p=0.024), Escherichia coli (p=0.021), and Lactobacillus spp. (p=0.048). Dietary inclusion of HY at 1.0 and 1.5 g/kg resulted in increased immunoglobulin A and G secretions (p=0.042 and p=0.022, respectively) and decreased MDA concentration (p<0.01) and Salmonella spp. (p=0.026) and E. coli (p=0.050). Conclusion: It was concluded that HY inclusion at 1.0 and 1.5 g/kg in the diet of weaning pigs improve BW, immunoglobulin secretion, and antioxidant enzyme activity, whereas it lowers diarrhea occurrence, lipid peroxidation, and pathogenic bacteria in weaning pigs.

scholarly journals Investigation of Chemical Composition, Antioxidant Activity, and the Effects of Alfalfa Flavonoids on Growth Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Si Chen ◽  
Xiang Li ◽  
Xin Liu ◽  
Ning Wang ◽  
Qi An ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group

The flavonoids were extracted from alfalfa using ethanol assisted with ultrasonic extraction and purified by D101 macroporous resin column chromatography. The chemical composition and content of ethanol elution fractions (EEFs) were assessed by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography and hybrid quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS) and aluminum nitrate-sodium nitrite-sodium hydroxide colorimetric method. The in vitro antioxidant activity of two EEFs was conducted by scavenging DPPH free radical, and the main antioxidants of 75% EEFs were screened using DPPH-UHPLC. Moreover, the in vivo antioxidant activity of 75% EEFs and the growth performance of broilers were studied. The results showed that the content of 30% and 75% EEFs was 26.20% and 62.57%. Fifteen compounds were identified from 75% EEFs, and five of them were reported in alfalfa for the first time. The scavenging activity of 75% and 30% EEFs (200 μg/mL) against DPPH was 95.51% and 78.85%. The peak area of 5,3′,4′-trihydroxyflavone and hyperoside was decreased by 82.69% and 76.04%, which exhibited strong scavenging capacities. The total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) level of three treated groups against the normal control group (NC) fed with basal diet significantly increased by 3.89-24.49%, 0.53-7.39%, and 0.79-11.79%, respectively. While the malondialdehyde (MDA) decreased by 0.47-18.27%. Compared with the NC, the feed to gain ratio (F : G) of three treated groups was lowered by 2.98-16.53% and survival rate of broilers significantly increased. Consequently, 75% EEFs extracted from alfalfa exhibited powerful antioxidant activities and might be a potential feed additive to poultry and livestock.

scholarly journals Effect of Dietary Sugarcane Bagasse Supplementation on Growth Performance, Immune Response, and Immune and Antioxidant-Related Gene Expressions of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Cultured under Biofloc System

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2035
Author(s):  
Chompunut Lumsangkul ◽  
Wanaporn Tapingkae ◽  
Korawan Sringarm ◽  
Sanchai Jaturasitha ◽  
Chinh Le Xuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Related Gene ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Antioxidant Genes ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus

We investigated, herein, the effects of dietary inclusion of sugarcane bagasse powder (SB) on Nile tilapia development, mucosal and serum immunities, and relative immune and antioxidant genes. Fish (15.12 ± 0.04 g) were provided a basal diet (SB0) or basal diet incorporated with SB at 10 (SB10), 20 (SB20), 40 (SB40), or 80 (SB80) g kg−1 for 8 weeks. Our results demonstrated that the dietary incorporation of sugarcane bagasse powder (SB) at 20 and 40 g kg−1 significantly ameliorated FW, WG, and SGR as opposed to fish fed basal, SB10, and SB80 diets. However, no significant changes in FCR and survivability were observed between the SB supplemented diets and the control (basal diet). The mucosal immunity exhibited significantly higher SMLA and SMPA activities (p < 0.005) in fish treated with SB diets after eight weeks. The highest SMLA and SMPA levels were recorded in fish fed SB80 followed by SB20, SB40, and SB10, respectively. For serum immunity, fish fed SB incorporated diets significantly ameliorated SL and RB levels (p < 0.05) compared with the control. However, SP was not affected by the inclusion of SB in any diet throughout the experiment. The expression of IL1, IL8, LBP, GSTa, GPX, and GSR genes in the fish liver was significantly increased in fish fed the SB20 and SB10 diets relative to the basal diet fed fish (p < 0.05); whereas only the IL8, LBP, and GPX genes in the intestines were substantially augmented via the SB20 and SB80 diets (p < 0.05). IL1 and GSR were not influenced by the SB incorporated diets (p > 0.05). In summary, sugarcane bagasse powder (SB) may be applied as a feed additive to improve growth performance, immune response, and immune and antioxidant-related gene expression in Nile tilapia.

scholarly journals Growth performance, serum blood biochemistry, and intestinal properties of Arbor Acres Broiler fed diets containing mannan-riched fraction (MRF) and probiotic-enhanced liquid acidifier

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danung Nur Adli ◽  
Osfar Sjofjan
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Blood Biochemistry ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Antibiotic Growth Promoters ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Numerous efforts have been undertaken to develop suitable alternatives in order to counteract the anticipated drawbacks associated with the ban of antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs). The research purpose is to carry out the possible effect of mannan-riched fraction (MRF) and probiotic enhanced water as natural growth promoters (NGPs) on performance, relative organ weight, serum blood biochemistry, intestinal properties, and intestinal micro flora. 320 one-day-old Arbor Acres broiler were randomly allocated to 4 dietary treatments and 4 replicates of 20 birds per cage. four treatments used for research were dietary with control (T0), basal diet + MRF 80 g (T1), Drinking water + 2 mL/L combination feed additive (T2), and basal feed + MRF 80 g+ drinking water 2 mL/L combination feed additive (T3). The results showed that using mannan riched fraction (MRF) and combination with probiotic-enhanced liquid acidifier presented significant difference (P > 0.05) on body weight gain at 1-28 days and intestinal properties. On the blood biochemistry, the effect of supplementation began to reduce the amount of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) at 21 days periods. To sum up, the addition of mannan-riched fraction and combination with probiotic enhanced liquid acidifier doesn’t impacted on growth performance, and serum blood biochemistry but give significant effect on intestinal properties of broiler.

scholarly journals Effects of dietary oregano essential oil supplementation on growth performance, intestinal antioxidative capacity, immunity, and intestinal microbiota in yellow-feathered chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Ruan ◽  
Qiuli Fan ◽  
Ahmed Mohamed Fouad ◽  
Yunyun Sun ◽  
Shengshu Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Antioxidative Capacity ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Ileal Mucosa ◽  
Oregano Essential Oil

Abstract Essential oils are plant-derived aromatic volatile oils, and they contain bioactive compounds that have been shown to improve poultry nutrition. In this study, we investigated the effects of oregano essential oil (OEO) on intestinal antioxidative capacity, immunity, and gut microbiota of young yellow-feathered chickens. A total of nine hundred and sixty 1-d-old female Qingyuan partridge chickens were randomly allocated to four treatment groups with six replicates of 40 birds each, and the feeding trial was lasted for 30 d. The controls were fed on a basal diet without in-feed antibiotics; the birds in the antibiotic group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 20 mg/kg virginiamycin; the remaining birds were fed the basal diet containing 150 or 300 mg/kg OEO, respectively. Dietary supplementation with 150 or 300 mg/kg OEO increased average daily feed intake (P = 0.057) and average daily gain (P &lt; 0.05). The activities of glutathione peroxidase and total antioxidative capacity in plasma, jejuna, and ileal mucosa were increased by OEO supplementation (P &lt; 0.05), with a trend of lower jejunal content of malonaldehyde (P = 0.062). Moreover, dietary OEO increased the content of secretory immunoglobulin A (P = 0.078) and the relative expression of Claudin 1, Mucin 2, and Avain beta-defensin 1 in ileum (P &lt; 0.05). Sequencing data of 16S rRNA indicated that dietary OEO increased the relative abundance of Firmicutes phylum, and Clostridium and Lactobacillus genera, and decreasing that of Romboutsia. Functional analyses indicated that microbial amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, replication, and repair systems were higher in OEO groups than those of controls and antibiotic treatment. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with OEO enhanced growth performance, alleviated local oxidative stress in intestine, improved production of natural antibodies, and favorably modulated intestinal microbiota composition.

Phytogenics (Lemon and orange peels) influenced the performance, gut morphology and blood profile of broiler chickens

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 234-244
Author(s):  
A. O. Fafiolu ◽  
J. O. Alabi ◽  
C. G. Godwin ◽  
I. D. Dada ◽  
A. A. Orimogunje ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Blood Profile ◽  
Gut Morphology

This study evaluated the effect of phytogenic feed additives (Lemon peel, LP and Orange peel, OP) added singly or in combination to basal diets on the performance, gut morphology, haematology, serum biochemistry and lipid profile of broiler chickens. Four nutritionally adequate Corn-Soybean based diets were generated by the addition of LPand/or OPto basal diet. A total of 320, 1-d-old Marshall strain broiler chicks were given the basal diet supplemented with no additive (T1), 500g/tonne of LP (T2), OP (T3), or LP+OP (T4) in a study which lasted for 42 days. Growth performance was assessed weekly while gut and blood samples were collected at d 42 for examination. Data generated were analyzed using ANOVA with a P<0.05 level of significance. Results showed that chickens fed diets supplemented with LP and OP had similar (P>0.05) growth performance compared with the control group. Higher (P<0.05) duodenal and jejunal villus height were observed in chickens fed LP and OP, respectively. Phytogenics inclusion caused reduced (P<0.05) laminal propria depth at the ileum segment. Higher (P<0.05) PCV (30.00%), total protein (6.89 g/L) and albumin (3.67 g/L) were observed in chickens on LP+OP. Haemoglobin concentration (Hb) and RBC were not affected by the treatments imposed. Serum creatinine, uric acid and liver enzymes (AST and ALT) activity were reduced (P<0.05) with inclusion of LP and OP in broiler diets. Increase (P<0.05) HDL and decrease total cholesterol, LDL and triglycerides were observed in broilers fed LP and OP. Dietary inclusion of LP and OP had positive influence on gut morphology, RBC production, plasma protein reserves and lipid profile of broiler chickens.

scholarly journals Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Lactobacillus Casei YYL3 and L. Plantarum YYL5 on Growth, Immune Response and Intestinal Microbiota in Channel Catfish

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyu Zhang ◽  
Haibo Wang ◽  
Kun Hu ◽  
Liting Jiao ◽  
Mingjun Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Channel Catfish ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Nucleotide Metabolism ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of probiotics L. casei YYL3 (Lc) and L. plantarum YYL5 (Lp) on growth performance, innate immunity, disease resistance and intestinal microbiota of channel catfish. A total of 252 catfish (67.20 ± 1.46 g) were randomly divided into 3 groups which were fed with basal diet, Lc-added (3.0 × 108 cfu/g) or Lp-added (3.0 × 108 cfu/g) diets, respectively. After 4 weeks of feeding, Lc significantly enhanced the growth and feed utilization of channel catfish compared with the control group (CG). Following that, the catfish were challenged with an intraperitoneal injection of 200 μL of the pathogenic E.ictaluri (2.0 × 106 cfu/mL), the relative percent survival of Lc and Lp were 38.28% and 12.76%, respectively. High-throughput sequencing indicated Lc and Lp reduced the alpha diversity of the intestinal microbiota in channel catfish. Lactobacillus were overwhelming in the guts during probiotics treatment, but almost vanished away after 2 weeks post-cessation of probiotics administration. Compared to CG, Lc and Lp resulted in an increased abundance of Pseudomonas and decreased amount of Aeromonas. Functional analysis revealed that Lc treatment upregulated the relative abundance of Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways including lipid metabolism, metabolism of other amino acids, metabolism of terpenoids and polyketides, xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism, and nucleotide metabolism. Combined, our data revealed that Lc, as a feed additive at 3.0 × 108 cfu/g, could promote the growth performance, disease resistance and dramatically change the composition of intestinal microbiota of channel catfish.

scholarly journals Laminarin-rich extract improves growth performance, small intestinal morphology, gene expression of nutrient transporters and the large intestinal microbial composition of piglets during the critical post-weaning period

2019 ◽  
Vol 123 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Rattigan ◽  
T. Sweeney ◽  
S. Maher ◽  
K. Thornton ◽  
G. Rajauria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Large White ◽  
Gastrointestinal Health ◽  
Basal Group

AbstractThe identification of natural bioactive compounds which can prevent the post-weaning growth check and enhance gastrointestinal health in the absence of in-feed medications is an urgent priority for the swine industry. The objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of increasing dietary inclusion levels of laminarin in the first 14 d post-weaning on pig growth performance and weaning associated intestinal dysfunction. At weaning, ninety-six pigs (8·4 (sd 1·09) kg) (meatline boars × (large white × landrace sows)) were blocked by live weight, litter and sex and randomly assigned to: (1) basal diet; (2) basal + 100 parts per million (ppm) laminarin; (3) basal + 200 ppm laminarin and (4) basal + 300 ppm laminarin (three pigs/pen). The appropriate quantity of a laminarin-rich extract (65 % laminarin) was added to the basal diet to achieve the above dietary inclusion levels of laminarin. After 14 d of supplementation, eight pigs from the basal group and the best-performing laminarin group were euthanised for sample collection. The 300 ppm laminarin group was selected as this group had higher ADFI compared with all other groups and higher ADG than the basal group (P < 0·05). Laminarin supplementation increased villus height in the duodenum and jejunum (P < 0·05). Laminarin supplementation increased the expression of SLC2A8/GLUT8 in the duodenum, SLC2A2/GLUT2, SLC2A7/GLUT7, SLC15A1/PEPT1 and FABP2 in the jejunum and SLC16A1/MCT1 in the colon. Laminarin supplementation reduced Enterobacteriaceae numbers in the caecum (P < 0·05) and increased lactobacilli numbers (P < 0·05), total volatile fatty acid concentrations and the molar proportions of butyrate (P < 0·01) in the colon. In conclusion, 300 ppm laminarin from a laminarin-rich extract has potential, as a dietary supplement, to improve performance and prevent post-weaning intestinal dysfunction.

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