scholarly journals Application of Different Rates and Frequencies of Rejuvenator for the Treatments of Brown Bast Syndrome on Hevea brasiliensis

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.H. Nik Hashyati ◽  
Z. Sulaiman ◽  
M.A. Salisu ◽  
M.Y.A. Samad ◽  
M.T.M. Mohamed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Hevea Brasiliensis ◽  
Nutrient Concentration ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Optimum Concentration ◽  
Rubber Plantation ◽  
Rubber Production ◽  
Yield Production ◽  
Bark Tissue ◽  
Latex Yield

Background: Brown bast is one of the most serious threats to natural rubber production. It is estimated that brown bast leads to an approximately 15-20% decrease in latex yield production. There is currently no effective method to control this problem and an effort to overcome this problem is in progress by the natural rubber producing countries. Methods: This study evaluated the effect and the most suitable rate and frequency of Rejuvenator application to cure brown bast (latex dryness) and improve latex yield. The Rejuvenator treatment was applied to the selected tree with two different treatment frequencies (every 3 days and every 6 days) and three different Rejuvenator concentrations (5 g/L, 10 g/L and 5 g/L). The Rejuvenator was applied 5 times. Data on latex yield and brown bast cure were then recorded 1 month after the application of the last treatment. The treatments used were T1: No Rejuvenator, T2: 5 g/L of Rejuvenator, T3: 10 g/L of Rejuvenator, T4: 15 g/L of Rejuvenator. Result: Of all the treatment used, T3 (10 g/L) resulted in higher production of latex yield and Hevea bark nutrient concentration (g/t/t) than control. It also gave the highest nutrient content in the bark tissue. The findings of this study reveal that the optimum concentration and frequency of Rejuvenator application were established at 10 g/L every 6 days. More so, the findings explain that inadequate nutrients can be attributed to the brown bast syndrome in rubber plantation which can be prevented with the use of a rejuvenator to the tree’s bark.

scholarly journals Analysis of Production Factors for The Rubber Smallholder Sector in Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-99
Author(s):  
Norlee Ramli ◽  
Oswatun Samat ◽  
Mohd Khairi Ismail ◽  
Nor Shuhada Ahmad Shaupi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Rubber Plantation ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Total Contribution ◽  
Rubber Production ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Agronomic Practices ◽  
Production Factors

The production of natural rubber in Malaysia is primarily dominated by smallholders representing almost 95% of the total rubber plantation, while commercial estates constitute the remainder. The natural rubber industry is an integral part of the Malaysian economy, with 2.6% of with the total contribution of exports valued at more than RM20 billion annually. Therefore, the three key inputs that affect the productivity of smallholders in all states throughout Malaysia should be critically explored There is limited literature on the production of rubber by smallholders. The labour consumption, land area and adherence to agronomic practices are the main inputs and variables in this study. The Ordinary Least Square (OLS) was used to analyse the correlation of each input with rubber production by referring to the concept of the production function. The results discovered that 96% of rubber production yields are explained by independent variables consisting of labour, plantation area, weeding and cultivating activities. Furthermore, the total plantation area and adherence to agronomic practices positively affect total rubber production, while inefficient use of labor negatively affects total rubber production    

scholarly journals Financial analysis of dipterocarp log production and rubber production in the forest and land rehabilitation program of Sekolaq Muliaq, West Kutai District, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 707-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
ABUBAKAR M. LAHJIE ◽  
B.D.A.S. SIMARANGKIR ◽  
R. KRISTININGRUM ◽  
YOSEP RUSLIM ◽  
AGUS LEPONG
Keyword(s):  
Hevea Brasiliensis ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Mixed Population ◽  
Diameter Distribution ◽  
Rubber Plantation ◽  
Financial Return ◽  
Rubber Production ◽  
Land Rehabilitation ◽  
East Kalimantan

Lahjie AM, Lepong A, Simarangkir BDAS, Kristiningrum R, Ruslim Y. 2018. Financial analysis of dipterocarp log production and rubber production in the forest and land rehabilitation program of Sekolaq Muliaq, West Kutai District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 707-716. The Dayak community of East Kalimantan in the last decade has begun to develop production systems that integrate forest timber tree species into plantation commodity enterprises. They have become aware that the natural forest species of their surroundings such as Meranti (Shorea sp.) and Kapur (Dryobalanops aromatica) are often easier to exploit economically, and represent potentially cheaper investments, than are introduced plantation crops such as rubber (Hevea brasiliensis). This is because the price of rubber latex has decreased over the years and has ceased to give a financial return commensurate with the investment required to develop rubber as a monocrop. The research described in this paper aimed to evaluate the viability of a dipterocarp forest/rubber plantation system cultivated by people in the West Kutai District of East Kalimantan. The viability of the system was evaluated by (i) measuring its production of dipterocarp logs and natural rubber; (ii) determining the diameter distribution of its dipterocarp trees and (iii) assessing the financial feasibility of the dipterocarp/rubber system using the theories of increment production and basal area applied to the determination of Pay Back Period, Net Present Value (NPV), Net Benefit Cost (B/C) ratio and Internal Rate of Return (IRR). The research areas on which the evaluation was performed consisted of (1) a mixed population of Shorea spp. (Meranti) and rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) and (2) a mixed population of Dryobalanops aromatica (Kapur) and rubber. The growth analysis of Shorea spp. combined with rubber as well as D. aromatica combined with rubber at the planting distance of 5m x 5m showed that the maximum cycle was reached at the age of 40 years. Whereas the rubber trees in monoculture cultivation reached their maximum cycle at the age of 17 years. The optimum increment of MAI and CAI of Shorea spp. combined with rubber reached 3.61 m3 ha-1 year-1 and 3.62 m3 ha-1 year-1 respectively. The maximum increment of MAI and CAI of Dryobalanops aromatica combined with rubber reached 3.09 m3 ha-1 year-1 and 3 m3 ha-1 year-1 respectively.

scholarly journals Effect of high-frequency tapping system on latex yield, tapping panel dryness, and biochemistry of young hillside tapping rubber

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 2359-2367
Author(s):  
Raweerat RUKKHUN ◽  
Kesinee IAMSAARD ◽  
Sayan SDOODEE ◽  
Nipon MAWAN ◽  
Nuttapon KHONGDEE
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Rubber Tree ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Rubber Plantation ◽  
Rubber Plantations ◽  
Yield Production ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Tapping Panel Dryness ◽  
Latex Yield

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of high-frequency tapping system (1/3S 3d/4) on latex yield, biochemistry and its impact on the Tapping Panel Dryness (TPD) of young RRIM600 hillside tapping rubber. The experiment was conducted at three different hillside rubber plantations (NM 1 - 3) at Na-Mom district, Song Khla province, Thailand. Eight-year-old rubber RRIM 600 clones was used in the experiment starting from 2008 until 2009. The rubber trees were investigated for latex yield production, bark consumption, and TPD. In addition, latex diagnosis (sucrose, inorganic phosphorus (Pi), and thiol levels) was measured. The results demonstrated that high-frequency tapping system positively affected the rubber latex yield formation. However, site-specific condition of rubber plantation altered latex yield production. NM 3 provided the highest latex yield (fresh and dry weight) as compared to other plantations. Tapping frequency was highly correlated to latex yield (fresh and dry weights) in all investigated rubber plantations (R2 > 0.75). Using high-frequency tapping system increased bark consumption and stimulated TPD. Moreover, results of latex diagnosis (sucrose, Pi, and thiol levels) showed relatively unhealthy rubber tree as impacted by high-frequency tapping system. Therefore, the farmer should consider it for better decision-making for tapping system application.

scholarly journals Relationship between Economy and Environment of the Natural Rubber Plantation in Major Producers

2021 ◽  
Vol 305 ◽  
pp. 05001
Author(s):  
Yahya Shafiyuddin Hilmi ◽  
Nurul Amri Komarudin ◽  
Elsera Br Tarigan
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Rubber Plantation ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Rubber Production ◽  
Economy Growth ◽  
Synthetic Fertilizer ◽  
Cultivation Process ◽  
The Relationship

Thailand, Indonesia, Viet Nam, and India are the major natural rubber producers to date. Natural rubber has become one of the largest export commodities in these countries. It creates job opportunities for the smallholders as well as contributes to the national economy growth. However, a large-scale of natural rubber plantation results in environmental issues such as the nitrous oxide (N2O) emission which is obtained from the use of synthetic fertilizer during the cultivation process. The postulate of Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) was employed to examine the relationship between economy and environment from the natural rubber plantation in major producers using secondary data ranging from 2005 to 2018. Therefore, the N2O emission in which represents environmental degradation was regressed with the value of natural rubber production as the proxy for the economy growth using a fixed effect model on the panel data regression analysis. Results show that there is an inverted U-shape curve from the relationship between the N2O emissions and the value of natural rubber production. Hence, this study supports the postulate of EKC’s hypothesis. In addition, results found that the average value of natural rubber production from major producers was not yet reached the turning point of EKC. Some suggestions were made in order to increase the productivity while maintaining yet reducing the emission obtained from the use of synthetic fertilizer during cultivation process.

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