scholarly journals Exploiting Genomic Resources for Efficient Utilization of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Crop Improvement based on Agro-morphological, Yield and Nutritional Traits

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritu R. Saxena ◽  
Kanushree Nandedkar ◽  
Suman Rawte ◽  
S.S. Porte ◽  
Mary S. Xalxo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
High Protein ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Efficient Utilization ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Pink Flower ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Iron And Zinc

Background: In an effort to develop micronutrient-rich chickpea lines, a study to examine the variability in yield and nutritional traits was conducted. Methods: 99 genotypes were studied, the data was recorded and analyzed on yield traits, protein, iron and zinc content in Rabi 2019-20. Result: Maximum variability was recorded in plant yield followed by iron concentration (mg/kg), hundred seed weight and number of pods per plant. Of the total entries, nine entries namely, RGH4, RGH56, RG2016-84, ICC251762, RGH53, IPC98-12, RG2016-03, ICC1053 and RGH58 recorded high protein content ( greater than 20%). All these entries possessing high protein had pink flower. One chickpea accession (RGH53) accumulated the highest concentration for both protein and zinc, with an average of 21.86% and 73.00 ppm, respectively, but it showed low iron concentration (20.77 ppm). The first six principal components provided a reasonable summary of the data and explained 80.19% of the total variation. Ninety nine genotypes were grouped into ten clusters. Maximum inter cluster distance was observed between clusters VI and IX; VI and VII and IV and VI. The genotypes of these clusters are suggested for utilization in the crossing programs to breed varieties of chickpea for high yield with amenability to nutrients.

Genetic diversity and association mapping of iron and zinc concentrations in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

Genome ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 459-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwan Diapari ◽  
Anoop Sindhu ◽  
Kirstin Bett ◽  
Amit Deokar ◽  
Thomas D. Warkentin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Chromosome 1 ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
Zinc Concentrations

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is the world’s second most important pulse crop after common bean. Chickpea has historically been an important daily staple in the diet of millions of people, especially in the developing countries. Current chickpea breeding programs have mainly been directed toward high yield, biotic and abiotic stress resilience that has increased global production, but less attention has been directed toward improving micronutrient concentrations in seeds. In an effort to develop micronutrient-dense chickpea lines, a study to examine the variability and to identify SNP alleles associated with seed iron and zinc concentrations was conducted using 94 diverse accessions of chickpea. The results indicated that there is substantial variability present in chickpea germplasm for seed iron and zinc concentrations. In the current set of germplasm, zinc is negatively correlated with grain yield across all locations and years; whereas the negative correlation between iron and grain yield was only significant at the Elrose locality. Eight SNP loci associated with iron and (or) zinc concentrations in chickpea seeds were identified. One SNP located on chromosome 1 (chr1) is associated with both iron and zinc concentrations. On chr4, three SNPs associated with zinc concentration and two SNPs for iron concentration were identified. Two additional SNP loci, one on chr6 and the other on chr7, were also found to be associated with iron and zinc concentrations, respectively. The results show potential opportunity for molecular breeding for improvement of seed iron and zinc concentrations in chickpea.

scholarly journals Descriptive Statistics and Heritability for Agronomic Traits and Grain Micronutrient Content in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Avinash Kumar ◽  
Ashutosh Kumar ◽  
N. K. Singh ◽  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
S. K. Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Grain Zinc ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
Breeding Programmes

In the present investigation, 10 parents and their 45 crosses (half diallel) along with 2 standard checks (Rajendra Nilam and Rajendra Mahsuri-1) were evaluated during Kharif, 2018 in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 3 replications at Rice Farm Section, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University (RPCAU), Pusa, Bihar. The objective of this study was to identify promising rice genotypes having desirable combination of morphological traits along with high grain iron and zinc content and high grain yield potential. The results of variability parameters indicated that ample amount of genetic variability was present for all the studied traits. Most of the traits showed high heritability coupled with high genetic advance indicating fruitfulness of selection for improvement of these traits. One genotype (P2×P7) with high grain iron (16.10 ppm) and grain zinc (26.40 ppm) content along with high yield (43.12 g/plant) was identified. Genotypes with high grain iron coupled with high grain yield (P7×P9, P8×P9, P5×P7 and P5×P9) and high  grain zinc content coupled with high grain yield (P4×P7, P9×P10, P8×P9 and P5×P7) were also identified. These promising genotypes identified can be used further in breeding programmes to obtain superior segregants with high grain micronutrient content and high grain yield.

Genetic variation and correlation studies between micronutrient (Fe and Zn), protein content and yield attributing traits in mungbean (Vigna. radiata L.)

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renu Singh ◽  
Adriaan W. Van Heusden ◽  
Ram Kumar ◽  
Richard G.F. Visser
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Correlation Studies ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Iron And Zinc

Mungbean can effectively contribute in alleviation of iron, zinc and protein malnutrition as it is a source of micronutrients and protein. To improve this cultivars have to be developed which are rich in micronutrients and protein. But in general more focus is given to quantitative traits such as yield. Breeding mungbean for enhanced grain nutrients is still in its start-up phase. The present study was carried out to access genetic variation for both quantitative as qualitative traits. The correlation between important traits such as yield and Fe, Zn, protein content was calculated. A positive correlation was found between iron and zinc content (r = 0.47) whereas no significant correlation with grain yield was observed indicating no compromise of yield for improving quality. Breeding a cultivar which is nutritionally improved along with high yield is therefore possible. A few promising cultivars with high micronutrients, protein and yield were identified. These cultivars can be used in specific breeding programs aiming at nutrient-rich high yielding cultivars.

Understanding genotypic variation and identification of promising genotypes for iron and zinc content in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 88 ◽  
pp. 103458
Author(s):  
Satvir Kaur Grewal ◽  
Kanu Priya Sharma ◽  
Rachana D. Bharadwaj ◽  
Venkatraman Hegde ◽  
Shailesh Tripathi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Iron And Zinc

scholarly journals Stage Specific Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis To Reveal Gene Networks Regulating Iron And Zinc Content In Pearl Millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.]

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Tara Satyavathi ◽  
Rukam S. Tomar ◽  
Supriya Ambawat ◽  
Jasminkumar Kheni ◽  
Shital M. Padhiyar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Gene Networks ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Gene Annotation ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Zinc Metabolism ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
Metabolic Activities

Abstract Pearl millet is an important staple food crop of poor people which is rich in micronutrients like iron and zinc and amenable for focused breeding for these micronutrients along with high yield. Transcriptome sequencing using ION S5 Next Generation Sequencer generated 43.5 million sequence reads resulting in 83,721 transcripts with N50 of 597 bp and 84.35% of transcripts matched with the pearl millet genome assembly. The genotypes having high Fe and Zn showed differential gene expression during different stages. Of which, 155 were up-regulated and 251were down-regulated while during flowering stage and milking stage 349 and 378 transcripts were differentially expressed, respectively. Gene annotation and GO term showed the presence of transcripts involved in metabolic activities associated with uptake and transport of iron and zinc. In the present study, the 83,721 transcripts were also examined for identification of SSRs. A total of 4,327 SSRs were identified with dominance of tri-nucleotide SSRs in comparison to di-nucleotide SSRs. These EST-SSRs can be used in molecular breeding, genetic diversity analysis and determination of heterozygosity of the allelic loci. Information generated will help in gaining insights into iron and zinc metabolism and develop genotypes with high yield, grain iron and zinc content.

scholarly journals Investigation of Genotype by Environment Interactions for Seed Zinc and Iron Concentration and Iron Bioavailability in Common Bean

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis N. Katuuramu ◽  
Jason A. Wiesinger ◽  
Gabriel B. Luyima ◽  
Stanley T. Nkalubo ◽  
Raymond P. Glahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Zinc Concentration ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Iron Bioavailability ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Genotype By Environment Interactions ◽  
Genotype By Environment ◽  
Iron And Zinc

Iron and zinc malnutrition are global public health concerns afflicting mostly infants, children, and women in low- and middle-income countries with widespread consumption of plant-based diets. Common bean is a widely consumed staple crop around the world and is an excellent source of protein, fiber, and minerals including iron and zinc. The development of nutrient-dense common bean varieties that deliver more bioavailable iron and zinc with a high level of trait stability requires a measurement of the contributions from genotype, environment, and genotype by environment interactions. In this research, we investigated the magnitude of genotype by environment interaction for seed zinc and iron concentration and seed iron bioavailability (FeBIO) using a set of nine test genotypes and three farmers’ local check varieties. The research germplasm was evaluated for two field seasons across nine on-farm locations in three agro-ecological zones in Uganda. Seed zinc concentration ranged from 18.0 to 42.0 μg g–1 and was largely controlled by genotype, location, and the interaction between location and season [28.0, 26.2, and 14.7% of phenotypic variability explained (PVE), respectively]. Within a genotype, zinc concentration ranged on average 12 μg g–1 across environments. Seed iron concentration varied from 40.7 to 96.7 μg g–1 and was largely controlled by genotype, location, and the interaction between genotype, location, and season (25.7, 17.4, and 13.7% of PVE, respectively). Within a genotype, iron concentration ranged on average 28 μg g–1 across environments. Seed FeBIO ranged from 8 to 116% of Merlin navy control and was largely controlled by genotype (68.3% of PVE). The red mottled genotypes (Rozi Koko and Chijar) accumulated the most seed zinc and iron concentration, while the yellow (Ervilha and Cebo Cela) and white (Blanco Fanesquero) genotypes had the highest seed FeBIO and performed better than the three farmers’ local check genotypes (NABE-4, NABE-15, and Masindi yellow). The genotypes with superior and stable trait performance, especially the Manteca seed class which combine high iron and zinc concentrations with high FeBIO, would serve as valuable parental materials for crop improvement breeding programs aimed at enhancing the nutritional value of the common bean.

scholarly journals Biofortification strategies to increase wheat nutrition and sustaining yield simultaneously

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuldeep Kaur ◽  
V. S. Sohu ◽  
Achla Sharma ◽  
Puja S. Srivastava ◽  
G. S. Mavi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
Yellow Pigment ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
High Zinc ◽  
Grain Zinc ◽  
Molecular Marker Analysis

Genetic biofortification is a strategy that uses plant breeding techniques to produce staple food crops with higher micronutrient levels and can be a feasible and costeffective means of delivering micronutrients to population that may have limited access to diverse diets. The present study reports the development of wheat with high grain protein, yellow pigment and high zinc content in addition to introgression of rust resistance genes to ensure biofortification as well as yield sustainability. A convergent cross for combining gene(s) for high protein, high yellow pigment, high zinc and rust resistance was performed. This included crossing BC1F2 introgression lines of cross PBW698/BF22//PBW698 carrying grain zinc QTL introgressed from Triticum monococcum with high protein line BWL3560 having Gpc-B1. A set of 192 F3 lines were evaluated for agronomic and quality traits. Molecular marker analysis of F3 progenies for Gpc-B1 gene (Xucw108) revealed 129 F3 lines to be homozygous positive. The progenies showed the range of 8.96-13.92% for grain protein content, 25.1-36.3mg/Kg for grain iron concentration, 34.0-54.0 mg/Kg for grain zinc concentration and 2.01-4.57ppm for grain yellow pigment content compared to 9.65%, 26.7 mg/Kg, 42.9 mg/Kg and 3.74ppm respectively in recipient line PBW698. Therefore, this population constituted a useful material for identifying the nutritionally enhanced lines.

scholarly journals A Report on Gamma Radiation Induced Variation in Seed Characters of Cicer arietinum L.

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 77-80
Author(s):  
Deepak Koche ◽  
Archana Joshi Saha
Keyword(s):  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Surface Texture ◽  
Coat Color ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
Seed Characters ◽  
Gamma Radiations

Cicer arietinum L. (chickpea) is one of most popular and cheap source of plant protein and minerals worldwide. The present study was directed to induce variations in seed characters of chickpea “Vijay”, especially with reference to increase in its protein and mineral content using gamma radiations as mutagenic agent. M2 population of Cicer arietinum L. “Vijay” after post-harvest analysis revealed that 300 Gy dose of gamma radiations induced significant variations in seed characters including seed size, surface texture and seed coat color. Total nine mutants were identified differing from control in seed coat colors and categorized into four groups on the basis of seed size as normal, small, bold and extra bold; two groups on the basis of surface texture and wrinkled or smooth surface. The seed yield of all mutants was noted as 100-seed weight, which was corresponding with seed size. The biochemical analysis of the seed mutants in the form of protein, iron and zinc content indicates that, seeds with dark colored seed coat have higher level of protein and minerals as compare to control.

scholarly journals Stage specific comparative transcriptomic analysis to reveal gene networks regulating iron and zinc content in pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.]

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Tara Satyavathi ◽  
Rukam S. Tomar ◽  
Supriya Ambawat ◽  
Jasminkumar Kheni ◽  
Shital M. Padhiyar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Gene Networks ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Gene Annotation ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Zinc Metabolism ◽  
Iron And Zinc

AbstractPearl millet is an important staple food crop of poor people and excels all other cereals due to its unique features of resilience to adverse climatic conditions. It is rich in micronutrients like iron and zinc and amenable for focused breeding for these micronutrients along with high yield. Hence, this is a key to alleviate malnutrition and ensure nutritional security. This study was conducted to identify and validate candidate genes governing grain iron and zinc content enabling the desired modifications in the genotypes. Transcriptome sequencing using ION S5 Next Generation Sequencer generated 43.5 million sequence reads resulting in 83,721 transcripts with N50 of 597 bp and 84.35% of transcripts matched with the pearl millet genome assembly. The genotypes having high iron and zinc showed differential gene expression during different stages. Of which, 155 were up-regulated and 251 were down-regulated while during flowering stage and milking stage 349 and 378 transcripts were differentially expressed, respectively. Gene annotation and GO term showed the presence of transcripts involved in metabolic activities associated with uptake and transport of iron and zinc. Information generated will help in gaining insights into iron and zinc metabolism and develop genotypes with high yield, grain iron and zinc content.

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