Aspects in Sino-Japanese root compound assimilation ─ Gradual process based on Harmonic Serialism ─

Reducing the level of interregional differentiation is one of the problems in spatial development management according to the Spatial Development Strategy of the Russian Federation. Presence of significant regional imbalances hampers formation of a common economic, social, cultural, and institutional space and lead to a creation of backward territories which lag behind in the development. The focus of public policy measures on the centers of economic growth, with the concentration of financial and labor resources, without solving the problems of backward territories does not bring the expected effect – overall development and well-being. Local effects in the absence of positive changes in other territories result in the increase in imbalances, which limit the overall effectiveness of the public policy. At the same time, a steadily increasing lag may cause a loss of potential of economic growth and thus forms backward territories. The creation of territorial backwardness is a gradual process. Therefore, diagnosing the state of the territory and identifying the signs of increasing depression is an essential issue of public administration. The article presents the main approaches to the definition of territorial backwardness used in the Russia and overseas, it also reviews the determinants of backward territories. Different methods for identification of backwardness in the territorial development have been tested on the basis of the regions of the Russian Far East.

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Care and support for youth living with HIV/AIDS in secondary schools: perspectives of school stakeholders in western Uganda

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-020-10143-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Emmanuel Kimera ◽

Sofie Vindevogel ◽

Didier Reynaert ◽

Anne-Mie Engelen ◽

Kintu Mugenyi Justice ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Secondary Schools ◽

Qualitative Inquiry ◽

Resource Limited ◽

Care And Support ◽

Gradual Process ◽

Youth Living With Hiv ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Western Uganda ◽

Hiv Aids ◽

School Stakeholders

Abstract Background Although schools have been identified as significant settings in the response to the HIV/AIDS pandemic, limited research is available on how they can accommodate Youth Living with HIV/AIDS (YLWHA), especially in resource limited countries. In this study, we explored strategies by school stakeholders (school staff, parents/caretakers, and students) in western Uganda to care for and support YLWHA in their schools. Methods The article utilizes data collected between May and October, 2019 from a qualitative inquiry based on focus group discussions and interviews with 88 school stakeholders purposively selected from 3 secondary schools in western Uganda. Textual data was analyzed thematically involving both inductive and deductive coding. Results We identified 7 overarching interrelated themes in which participants reported strategies to care for and support YLWHA: counselling and guidance; social support networks and linkages; knowledge and skills; anti-stigma and anti-discrimination measures; disclosure of HIV status; treatment and management of HIV/AIDS; and affirmative actions for YLWHA. Stakeholders’ strategies often differed regarding what was considered appropriate, the approach and who to take lead in supporting YLWHA. Conclusions Despite the limited care and support strategies specific for YLWHA currently available in schools, our study points to optimism and high potential given stakeholders’ identified avenues for improvement. We posit that promoting HIV/AIDS-care and support in schools is a gradual process requiring each school to develop a strong knowledge base about HIV/AIDS and support needs of YLWHA, develop a coherent and school-wide approach, and collaborate extensively with external stakeholders who are significant in supporting YLWHA.

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Assessing the Manuscripts of Sefer Ḥasidim

Jewish History ◽

10.1007/s10835-021-09373-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Saskia Dönitz

Keyword(s):

Linear Relations ◽

Gradual Process

AbstractThis article examines the content and structure of the manuscripts of Sefer Ḥasidim, engaging with ideas concerning its production addressed in Ivan Marcus’s recently published book on Sefer Ḥasidim. Marcus has argued that the book was written piece by piece and not as an integral book and further suggested that each and every manuscript of Sefer Ḥasidim should be taken as a distinct edition of the book prepared by Judah he-Ḥasid. The present study demonstrates that, notwithstanding the gradual process in which Sefer Ḥasidim was written and the great variations among the manuscripts, it is possible to reconstruct a textual process that led to the larger compilations found in the three well-known text editions of Sefer Ḥasidim, represented by MS Parma 3280, MS JTS Boesky 45, and the edition printed in Bologna in 1538. The analysis focuses on the distribution of the text in the manuscripts. While it is difficult to show linear relations among them, the different versions demonstrate a gradual process of growth and enlargement of the material around topical structures. Since most of the material is transmitted in more than one exemplar and few passages appear in one manuscript alone, it is argued that the manuscripts can be linked to show how the material grew from random collections of single paragraphs to topically ordered clusters and into the larger compilations of Sefer Ḥasidim.

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Sicily Before the Greeks. The Interaction with Aegean and the Levant in the Pre-colonial Era

Open Archaeology ◽

10.1515/opar-2020-0107 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 172-205

Author(s):

Davide Tanasi

Keyword(s):

Material Culture ◽

Complex Dynamics ◽

Eastern Mediterranean ◽

Colonial Era ◽

Local Material ◽

Gradual Process ◽

Multiple Variables ◽

New Perspective ◽

First Time ◽

The Relationship

AbstractThe relationship between Sicily and the eastern Mediterranean – namely Aegean, Cyprus and the Levant – represents one of the most intriguing facets of the prehistory of the island. The frequent and periodical contact with foreign cultures were a trigger for a gradual process of socio-political evolution of the indigenous community. Such relationship, already in inception during the Neolithic and the Copper Age, grew into a cultural phenomenon ruled by complex dynamics and multiple variables that ranged from the Mid-3rd to the end of the 2nd millennium BCE. In over 1,500 years, a very large quantity of Aegean and Levantine type materials have been identified in Sicily alongside with example of unusual local material culture traditionally interpreted as resulting from external influence. To summarize all the evidence during such long period and critically address it in order to attempt historical reconstructions is a Herculean labor.Twenty years after Sebastiano Tusa embraced this challenge for the first time, this paper takes stock on two decades of new discoveries and research reassessing a vast amount of literature, mostly published in Italian and in regional journals, while also address the outcomes of new archaeometric studies. The in-depth survey offers a new perspective of general trends in this East-West relationship which conditioned the subsequent events of the Greek and Phoenician colonization of Sicily.

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Danish Industrial Policy: Persistent Liberalism

Journal of Public Policy ◽

10.1017/s0143814x00003755 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 49-61 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Niels Chr. Sidenius

Keyword(s):

Technological Innovation ◽

Industrial Policy ◽

Policy Instruments ◽

Economic Recession ◽

Crisis Response ◽

Gradual Process ◽

Close Cooperation ◽

The Government ◽

State Industry ◽

Response Policy

ABSTRACTDanish industrial policy reflects a ‘liberalistic’ paradigm, with industrial subsidies being general rather than selective, and based on profitability. There was an increase in the number of industrial policy instruments introduced in the second half of the 1970s, and in particular there seems to have been an increase in subsidies for technological innovation. The amount of money allocated for industrial subsidies has increased, especially during the economic recession. However, Danish industrial policy can only be conceived of as a crisis response policy in a relatively diffuse way, with only a few arrangements directly targetted at firms in difficulties, whereas most aim at making the surviving firms expand, innovate and increase their exports. Similarly, with few exceptions Danish industrial policy can be seen as anticipatory only in a very general way. The administration of industrial policy is characterised by close cooperation between state, industry and labour in tripartite boards and committees that take decisions about the administration of industrial policy or advise the government. The widespread use of such tripartite bodies hampers changes in industrial policy because all partners have to acquiesce in the changes. Innovation in Danish industrial policy is likely to be a gradual process, with most existing arrangements surviving, and a desultory increase in the use of more selective measures.

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A History of Metatypy in the Bel Languages

Journal of Language Contact ◽

10.1163/000000008792525255 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 149-164 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Malcolm Ross

Keyword(s):

Austronesian Language ◽

Ongoing Process ◽

Gradual Process ◽

History Of

AbstractIn earlier work Takia, an Oceanic Austronesian language, has been compared with its Papuan neighbour Waskia to show that much of the grammar of Takia can be explained as the outcome of metatypy on the model of Waskia or a language typologically like it. Takia belongs to the Western subgroup of the small Bel family, the members of which have all undergone metatypy to some degree. In this paper data from the Bel languages are used to reconstruct the history of certain Takia grammatical features, especially clause chaining and postverbal enclitics, in order to confirm or refute earlier inferences about their history. These inferences are largely confirmed, and the origins of clause chaining and postverbal enclitics are situated as a sequence of changes within a history of the Bel languages. The investigation shows that, as expected, metatypy is a gradual process. It also confirms that the innovation of clause-chaining was a normal piece of grammaticisation, but one that was triggered by speakers' bilingualism in a clause-chaining language or languages.The investigation has yielded an unexpected spin-off by showing that metatypy was an ongoing process during the development of the Bel languages. Reconstructing the genesis of Western Bel clause-chaining and enclitic sequences forces us to reconstruct ongoing contact, whilst Matugar, an Eastern Bel language, reflects metatypy probably on the model of its Western Bel relatives.

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Single Note Music as a Gradual Process in Scelsi’s Quattro Pezzi per Trumpet

Yonsei Music Research ◽

10.16940/ymr.2020.27.2.69 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 69-96

Author(s):

Jiyoung Park

Keyword(s):

Gradual Process

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Northern Hemisphere Glaciation, African Climate and Evolution

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-805 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Martin H. Trauth ◽

Asfawossen Asrat ◽

Nadine Berner ◽

Faysal Bibi ◽

Verena Foerster ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Northern Hemisphere ◽

Species Turnover ◽

Abrupt Onset ◽

Data Sets ◽

Scientific Idea ◽

Gradual Process ◽

Before And After ◽

History Of ◽

Change Point Models ◽

Original Interpretation

<p>The hypothesis of a connection between the onset (or intensification) of Northern Hemisphere Glaciation (NHG), the stepwise increase in African aridity (and climate variability) and an important mammalian (including hominin) species turnover is a textbook example of the initiation of a scientific idea and its propagation in science. It is, however, also an example of the persistent popularity of a hypothesis despite mounting evidence against it. The first part of our work analyzes of the history of the scientific idea by seeking its roots, including coincidental meetings and exchanges between of scientists, at project meetings, conferences and workshops. The consequences of this idea are examined and its influence on subsequent scientific investigations both before and after it has been falsified. In the second part of our investigation, we examine why the idea that the high latitudes have a major control on the climate of the low latitudes and thus early human evolution persists. For this purpose, an attempt is made to understand the original interpretation of the data, with special consideration of the composition of the scientific team and their scientific backgrounds and persuasions. Some of the key records in support of the hypothesis of a step-wise transition will be statistically re-analyzed by fitting change-point models to the time series to determine the midpoint and duration of the transition &#8211; in case such a transition is found in the data. A critical review of key publications in support of such a connection and a statistical re-analysis of key data sets leads to three conclusions: (1) Northern Hemisphere Glaciation is a gradual process between ~3.5&#8211;2.5 Ma, not an abrupt onset, either at ~2.5 Ma, nor at ~2.8 Ma, or any other time in the Late Cenozoic Era, (2) the trend towards greater aridity in Africa during this period was also gradual, not stepwise in the sense of a consistent transition of a duration of &#8804;0.2 Ma, and (3) accordingly, a step-wise change in environmental conditions cannot be used to explain an important mammalian (including hominin) species turnover.</p>

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A Gradual Process of Recombination Restriction in the Evolutionary History of the Sex Chromosomes in Dioecious Plants

PLoS Biology ◽

10.1371/journal.pbio.0030004 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. e4 ◽

Cited By ~ 114

Author(s):

Michael Nicolas ◽

Gabriel Marais ◽

Vladka Hykelova ◽

Bohuslav Janousek ◽

Valérie Laporte ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sex Chromosomes ◽

Evolutionary History ◽

Dioecious Plants ◽

Gradual Process ◽

History Of

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Muslims and the Crisis of British National Identity

Britain and Islam ◽

10.12987/yale/9780300234947.003.0010 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 221-243

Author(s):

Martin Pugh

Keyword(s):

National Identity ◽

First Generation ◽

Second Generation ◽

Language Skills ◽

Gradual Process ◽

The World ◽

The Face ◽

British Muslims ◽

Secular Society ◽

Mainstream Society

This chapter demonstrates how, despite their experience of prejudice, Muslims became involved in a gradual process of integration into mainstream society; in this period they largely thought of themselves as ‘black’ or as Asians, rather than as Muslims. First-generation British Muslims had been fairly relaxed about social behaviour and religious observation. Meanwhile, the second generation of Muslims were not in Britain as temporary economic migrants, and consequently were less passive than their predecessors, more confident and aware of their opportunities and rights in Britain. For them, integration into mainstream society went hand in hand with an increasing assertiveness in the face of prejudice and an awareness of their identity as Anglo-Asians. By the 1980s and 1990s, the younger generation were becoming alienated from their parents due to familiarity with a secular society; many regarded the world of the mosque as boring. Muslims also began to reflect mainstream practice in other ways: more women in their twenties remained unmarried and, with their better language skills and qualifications, they were more likely to be in paid employment.

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