Workplace Violence Against Iranian Nurses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nurses are exposed to workplace violence more than other healthcare professionals. This study aims to examine the prevalence of different types of workplace violence against Iranian nurses. A systematic review and meta-analysis were designed according to the PRISMA statement. To avoid bias, all stages of the research were done independently by two researchers. Eligible studies were retrieved from comprehensive search of several electronic databases included Magiran, Barakat Knowledge Network System, IranDoc, Regional Information Center for Science and Technology (RICST), Scientific Information Database (SID), Iranian National Library, PubMed/Medline, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Science Direct, ISI Web of Knowledge, CINAHL, and Google Scholar until April 2017. A random effects model was applied to combine studies. Data were analyzed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software version 2. In 26 studies, 10,858 nurses entered the meta-analysis process. The mean age and work experience of the nurses were 33.5 ± 7.5 and 10.85 ± 10.1 years, respectively. The prevalence of workplace verbal, physical, sexist, and racist violence and threat against Iranian nurses was 80.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] [74.2, 86.0]), 24.8% (95% CI [17.4, 34.0]), 6.7% (95% CI [4.9, 9.2]), 14.6% (95% CI [10.1, 20.7]), and 44% (95% CI [30.1, 58.8]), respectively. The prevalence of verbal and physical violence against the emergency department nurses was 89.7% (95% CI [69.4, 97.1]) and 21.0% (95% CI [12.6, 32.9]), respectively. The highest prevalence of verbal, physical, sexist, and racist violence was from patient’s relative (42.3%, 95% CI [30.7, 54.7]), patients (12.6%, 95% CI [5.9, 25.0]), healthcare workers (5.1%, 95% CI [2.4, 10.4]), and patients (2.3%, 95% CI [0.9, 5.4]), respectively. Given the high prevalence of violence against the nurses in Iran, it is highly necessary to take certain intervention measures and design new policies.

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Epidemiology of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-17087/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mohammad Karimian ◽

Majid Salamati ◽

Elham Shafiee ◽

Milad Azami

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽

Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽

Reflux Disease ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Iranian Population ◽

Knowledge Network ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Care Providers ◽

Online Databases

Abstract Introduction : Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), which leads to acid reflux into the esophagus, is a common gastrointestinal disorder. Several studies have shown the prevalence of GERD in Iranian population, but their evidence is contradictory. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the epidemiology of GERD in Iran. Methods: The entire steps of this systematic review and meta-analysis were based on the MOOSE protocol, and the results were accordance with the PRISMA guideline. To find potentially relevant published articles, comprehensive search was done on international online databases Scopus, Science Direct, EMBASE, PubMed/Medline, CINAHL, EBSCO, Cochrane Library (Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - CDSR), Web of Science (ISI) and Iranian online databases IranDoc, (SID), Magiran, RICST, Iranian National Library, and Barakat Knowledge Network System and the Google Scholar search engine in June 2019. Cochran test and I 2 index were used to assess the heterogeneity of the studies. Data were analyzed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software. Results: The daily, weekly, monthly, and overall prevalence of GERD symptoms in Iranian population was 5.64% (95%CI [confidence interval]: 3.77%-8.35%; N=66,398), 12.50% (95%CI: 9.63%-16.08%; N=110,388), 18.62% (95%CI: 12.90%-26.12%; N= 70,749) and 43.07% (95%CI: 35.00%-51.53%; N=73,189), respectively. The daily, weekly, monthly, and overall prevalence of heartburn in Iranian population was 2.46% (95%CI: 0.93%-6.39%; N=18,774), 9.52% (95%CI: 6.16%-14.41%; N=54,125), 8.19% (95%CI: 2.42%-24.30%; N=19,363) and 23.20% (95%CI: 13.56%-36.79%; N=26,543), respectively. The daily, weekly, monthly, and overall prevalence of regurgitation in Iranian population was 4.00% (95%CI: 1.88%-8.32%; N=18,774), 9.79% (95%CI: 5.99%-15.60%; N=41,140), 13.76% (95%CI: 6.18%-44.31%; N=19,363) and 36.53% (95%CI: 19.30%-58.08%; N=21,174), respectively. Conclusion: The present meta-analysis provides comprehensive and useful information on the epidemiology of GERD in Iran for policy-makers and health care providers. This study showed a high prevalence of GERD in Iran. Therefore, effective measures on GERD-related factors such as lifestyle can be among the health policies of Iran.

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Prevalence of workplace violence against healthcare workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Occupational and Environmental Medicine ◽

10.1136/oemed-2019-105849 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 76 (12) ◽

pp. 927-937 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Jianxin Liu ◽

Yong Gan ◽

Heng Jiang ◽

Liqing Li ◽

Robyn Dwyer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Workplace Violence ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Physical Violence ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Verbal Abuse ◽

Epidemiological Evidence ◽

The Past ◽

Nurses And Physicians ◽

Health Institutions

We aim to quantitatively synthesise available epidemiological evidence on the prevalence rates of workplace violence (WPV) by patients and visitors against healthcare workers. We systematically searched PubMed, Embase and Web of Science from their inception to October 2018, as well as the reference lists of all included studies. Two authors independently assessed studies for inclusion. Data were double-extracted and discrepancies were resolved by discussion. The overall percentage of healthcare worker encounters resulting in the experience of WPV was estimated using random-effects meta-analysis. The heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic. Differences by study-level characteristics were estimated using subgroup analysis and meta-regression. We included 253 eligible studies (with a total of 331 544 participants). Of these participants, 61.9% (95% CI 56.1% to 67.6%) reported exposure to any form of WPV, 42.5% (95% CI 38.9% to 46.0%) reported exposure to non-physical violence, and 24.4% (95% CI 22.4% to 26.4%) reported experiencing physical violence in the past year. Verbal abuse (57.6%; 95% CI 51.8% to 63.4%) was the most common form of non-physical violence, followed by threats (33.2%; 95% CI 27.5% to 38.9%) and sexual harassment (12.4%; 95% CI 10.6% to 14.2%). The proportion of WPV exposure differed greatly across countries, study location, practice settings, work schedules and occupation. In this systematic review, the prevalence of WPV against healthcare workers is high, especially in Asian and North American countries, psychiatric and emergency department settings, and among nurses and physicians. There is a need for governments, policymakers and health institutions to take actions to address WPV towards healthcare professionals globally.

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Prevalence and policy of occupational violence against oral healthcare workers: systematic review and meta-analysis

BMC Oral Health ◽

10.1186/s12903-019-0974-3 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Nada O. Binmadi ◽

Jazia A. Alblowi

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Workplace Violence ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Quality Care ◽

Working Environment ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Occupational Violence ◽

The Impact ◽

Dental Professionals

Abstract Background Occupational violence is considered unlawful in professional environments worldwide. In the healthcare industry, including dentistry, the safety of workers is essential, and it is of the utmost importance to ensure patient and employee safety and provide quality care. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of violence and associated workplace policies among oral healthcare professionals. Additionally, it aimed to identify the factors associated with violence and their impact on oral healthcare workers. Methods A systematic review and analysis of the literature was conducted using PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and ProQuest. Original articles written in English and published between January 1992 and August 2019 were included in the analysis. Results A total of 980 articles were found, and eight were selected for analysis. The violence experienced by healthcare workers included both physical and non-physical forms, such as shouting, bullying, and threatening; it also included sexual harassment. The impact of violence on workers manifested as impaired quality of work, psychological problems, and, although rare, quitting the job. With regard to dental healthcare, awareness of occupational violence policies among dental professionals has not been previously reported in the literature. Conclusions The increasing incidence of occupational violence against oral healthcare workers indicates the need for the implementation of better protective measures to create a safe working environment for dental professionals. There is a current need for increasing awareness of workplace violence policies and for the detection and reporting of aggression and violence at dental facilities.

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Exploring the challenges and features of implementing performance-based payment plan in hospitals: a protocol for a systematic review

Systematic Reviews ◽

10.1186/s13643-021-01657-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Asieh Mousaloo ◽

Mehrdad Amir-Behghadami ◽

Ali Janati ◽

Masoumeh Gholizadeh

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Scientific Information ◽

Knowledge Network ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Hand Search ◽

Persian Language ◽

Data Extraction Form ◽

Barriers And Challenges

Abstract Background Implementing performance-based payment (PBP) plan has led to developing a number of significant potentialities such as performance improvement and effectiveness, quality improvement of provided services, and decline in health system expenditure in hospitals. Despite the fact that PBP plan has a variety of potential advantages, its implementation still may face some challenges. Hence, it seems crucial to identify these barriers and challenges in order to devise some strategies and interventions to pave the way for better implementation of PBP in hospitals. The aim of this proposed protocol is to identify, summarize, and synthesize the existing evidence by undertaking a systematic review to explore the challenges, barriers, and features of implementing PBP in hospitals. Methods and analysis An inclusive search of the literature will be conducted in seven international and national databases including PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane Library and Web of Science, Magiran, Scientific Information Database (SID), and Barakat knowledge network system (BKNS). The search will be limited to the studies published in English or Persian language. Database search will be supplemented by hand-search of citation, reference lists, and grey literature sources. Based on the pre-established criteria in all steps of the review, two researchers will independently screen all of the retrieved studies. Any discrepancies will be resolved through a discussion between two researchers. In cases where consensus is not reached, it will be referred to a third researcher. The methodological quality of all the included studies will be appraised using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). The data will be extracted by means of using a data extraction form, which will be developed and piloted by the research team. The findings will be synthesized through directed content analysis method. Discussion With the growth and development of payment systems all over the world, it is expected that recognizing the challenges of implementing a PBP plan in hospitals will be useful in developing and designing strategies to better implement this plan. Systematic review registration PROSPERO registration number CRD42020152569

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Health Literacy in the Population of Diabetic Patients in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Iranian Journal of Public Health ◽

10.18502/ijph.v49i4.3167 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Marjan MOMENI ◽

Majid MIRMOHAMMADKHANI ◽

Abbas ZIARI

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Health Literacy ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Information Science ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Knowledge Network ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Significant Heterogeneity ◽

Academic Center

Background: The present systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to find the degree by which the Iranian diabetic patients were informed about their disease in term of health literacy. Methods: The search was carried out in databases including the PubMed, MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library, ProQuest, Web of Science, Science Direct and Wiley and also domestic databases including the Iranian Academic Center for Education Culture and Research (sid.ir), the Iranian Research Institute for Information Science and Technology (IranDoc.ac.ir), Barakat Knowledge Network System (barakatkns.com), the national publications database (magiran.com) and also Google Scholar and Elmnet search engines. All the original studies published by Oct 20, 2018, in Persian or English, to assess the health literacy of adults with diabetes were included in the study. Ultimately, 17 articles were included in the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis was carried out using the fixed-effects method using Stata-11.2. Results: The pooled mean score of health literacy was 56.65 out of score of 100, and its 95% CI was estimated as 49.85 to 63.45. No significant heterogeneity could be reported for the articles included in the meta-analysis (I-squared=21.3%, P=0.177). The pooled mean scores with the CI of 95% by gender based on the study population in women and men were estimated as 47.97and 50.06 respectively. Conclusion: Health literacy is not high in Iranian diabetic patients and is rather inadequate in most of them in both genders. Diabetic women have somewhat lower health literacy compared to diabetic men.

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Does non-institutionalized elders have a better oral health status compared to institutionalized ones? A systematic review and meta-analysis

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva ◽

10.1590/1413-81232020256.18252018 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (6) ◽

pp. 2177-2192 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ilky Pollansky Silva e Farias ◽

Simone Alves de Sousa ◽

Leopoldina de Fátima Dantas de Almeida ◽

Bianca Marques Santiago ◽

Antonio Carlos Pereira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Health Status ◽

Oral Health ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Oral Health Status ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Caries Experience ◽

Institutionalized Elderly ◽

Periodontal Status

Abstract This systematic review compared the oral health status between institutionalized and non-institutionalized elders. The following electronic databases were searched: PubMed (Medline), Scopus, Web of Science, Lilacs and Cochrane Library, in a comprehensive and unrestricted manner. Electronic searches retrieved 1687 articles, which were analyzed with regards to respective eligibility criteria. After reading titles and abstracts, five studies were included and analyzed with respect their methodological quality. Oral status of institutionalized and non-institutionalized elderly was compared through meta-analysis. Included articles involved a cross-sectional design, which investigated 1936 individuals aged 60 years and over, being 999 Institutionalized and 937 non-institutionalized elders. Studies have investigated the prevalence of edentulous individuals, the dental caries experience and the periodontal status. Meta-analysis revealed that institutionalized elderly have greater prevalence of edentulous (OR = 2.28, 95%CI = 1.68-3.07) and higher number of decayed teeth (MD = 0.88, 95%CI = 0.71-1.05) and missed teeth (MD = 4.58, 95%CI = 1.89-7.27). Poor periodontal status did not differ significantly between groups. Compared to non-institutionalized, institutionalized elders have worse dental caries experience.

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Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment for peripartum depression: systematic review & meta-analysis

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth ◽

10.1186/s12884-021-03600-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hyune June Lee ◽

Sung Min Kim ◽

Ji Yean Kwon

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽

Side Effects ◽

Electroconvulsive Therapy ◽

Effect Size ◽

Magnetic Stimulation ◽

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Peripartum Depression

Abstract Background Peripartum depression is a common disorder with very high potential hazards for both the patients and their babies. The typical treatment options include antidepressants and electroconvulsive therapy. However, these treatments do not ensure the safety of the fetus. Recently, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation has emerged as a promising treatment for neuropathies as well as depression. Nevertheless, many studies excluded pregnant women. This systematic review was conducted to confirm whether repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation was a suitable treatment option for peripartum depression. Methods We performed a systematic review that followed the PRISMA guidelines. We searched for studies in the MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, and Cochrane library databases published until the end of September 2020. Eleven studies were selected for the systematic review, and five studies were selected for quantitative synthesis. Data analysis was conducted using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 3 software. The effect size was analyzed using the standardized mean difference, and the 95% confidence interval (CI) was determined by the generic inverse variance estimation method. Results The therapeutic effect size of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for peripartum depression was 1.394 (95% CI: 0.944–1.843), and the sensitivity analysis effect size was 1.074 (95% CI: 0.689–1.459), indicating a significant effect. The side effect size of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for peripartum depression was 0.346 (95% CI: 0.214–0.506), a meaningful result. There were no severe side effects to the mothers or fetuses. Conclusions From various perspectives, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation can be considered an alternative treatment to treat peripartum depression to avoid exposure of fetuses to drugs and the severe side effects of electroconvulsive therapy. Further research is required to increase confidence in the results.

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Effectiveness of Nutritional Education for Obese Older Adults With Frailty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1291 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 401-401

Author(s):

Yue-Heng Yin ◽

Liu Yat Justina

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Physical Function ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Well Being ◽

Risk Of Bias ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Nutritional Education ◽

Hand Search ◽

Education Interventions

Abstract Obesity has been shown to intensify the decline of physical function and lead to frailty. Nutrition is an important method in managing obesity and frailty, while seldom reviews have ever explored the effects of nutritional education interventions. We conducted a systematic review (PROSPERO: CRD42019142403) to explore the effectiveness of nutritional education interventions in managing body composition and physio-psychosocial parameters related to frailty. Randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies were searched in CINAHL, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PubMed and Scopus from 2001 to 2019. Hand search for the reference lists of included papers was conducted as well. We assessed the quality of included studies by Cochrane risk of bias tool. Meta-analyses and narrative synthesis were used to analyse the data. Two studies with low risk of bias were screened from 180 articles, which involved 177 older people with an average age of 69.69±4.08 years old. The results showed that nutritional education was significantly effective in reducing body weight and fat mass than exercises, and it was beneficial to enhancing physical function and psychosocial well-being. But the effects of nutritional education in increasing muscle strength were not better than exercises. The combined effects of nutritional education and exercises were superior than either exercises or nutritional education interventions solely in preventing the loss of lean mass and bone marrow density, and in improving physical function. Due to limited numbers of relevant studies, the strong evidence of effectiveness of nutritional education interventions on reversing frailty is still lacking.

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Mitochondrial transplantation therapy for ischemia reperfusion injury: a systematic review of animal and human studies

Journal of Translational Medicine ◽

10.1186/s12967-021-02878-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Kei Hayashida ◽

Ryosuke Takegawa ◽

Muhammad Shoaib ◽

Tomoaki Aoki ◽

Rishabh C. Choudhary ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Reperfusion Injury ◽

Animal Studies ◽

Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽

Myocardial Dysfunction ◽

Ischemia Reperfusion ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Relevant Literature ◽

Human Studies ◽

Cochrane Library

Abstract Background Mitochondria are essential organelles that provide energy for cellular functions, participate in cellular signaling and growth, and facilitate cell death. Based on their multifactorial roles, mitochondria are also critical in the progression of critical illnesses. Transplantation of mitochondria has been reported as a potential promising approach to treat critical illnesses, particularly ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI). However, a systematic review of the relevant literature has not been conducted to date. Here, we systematically reviewed the animal and human studies relevant to IRI to summarize the evidence for mitochondrial transplantation. Methods We searched MEDLINE, the Cochrane library, and Embase and performed a systematic review of mitochondrial transplantation for IRI in both preclinical and clinical studies. We developed a search strategy using a combination of keywords and Medical Subject Heading/Emtree terms. Studies including cell-mediated transfer of mitochondria as a transfer method were excluded. Data were extracted to a tailored template, and data synthesis was descriptive because the data were not suitable for meta-analysis. Results Overall, we identified 20 animal studies and two human studies. Among animal studies, 14 (70%) studies focused on either brain or heart IRI. Both autograft and allograft mitochondrial transplantation were used in 17 (85%) animal studies. The designs of the animal studies were heterogeneous in terms of the route of administration, timing of transplantation, and dosage used. Twelve (60%) studies were performed in a blinded manner. All animal studies reported that mitochondrial transplantation markedly mitigated IRI in the target tissues, but there was variation in biological biomarkers and pathological changes. The human studies were conducted with a single-arm, unblinded design, in which autologous mitochondrial transplantation was applied to pediatric patients who required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for IRI–associated myocardial dysfunction after cardiac surgery. Conclusion The evidence gathered from our systematic review supports the potential beneficial effects of mitochondrial transplantation after IRI, but its clinical translation remains limited. Further investigations are thus required to explore the mechanisms of action and patient outcomes in critical settings after mitochondrial transplantation. Systematic review registration The study was registered at UMIN under the registration number UMIN000043347.

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EXPRESS: Stroke risk following traumatic brain injury: systematic review and meta-analysis

International Journal of Stroke ◽

10.1177/17474930211004277 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 174749302110042

Author(s):

Grace Mary Turner ◽

Christel McMullan ◽

Olalekan Lee Aiyegbusi ◽

Danai Bem ◽

Tom Marshall ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Stroke Risk ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Vitamin K Antagonists ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Control Group ◽

Large Sample Size ◽

Hazard Ratios ◽

Increased Risk ◽

The Cochrane Library

Aims To investigate the association between TBI and stroke risk. Summary of review We undertook a systematic review of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and The Cochrane Library from inception to 4th December 2020. We used random-effects meta-analysis to pool hazard ratios (HR) for studies which reported stroke risk post-TBI compared to controls. Searches identified 10,501 records; 58 full texts were assessed for eligibility and 18 met the inclusion criteria. The review included a large sample size of 2,606,379 participants from four countries. Six studies included a non-TBI control group, all found TBI patients had significantly increased risk of stroke compared to controls (pooled HR 1.86; 95% CI 1.46-2.37). Findings suggest stroke risk may be highest in the first four months post-TBI, but remains significant up to five years post-TBI. TBI appears to be associated with increased stroke risk regardless of severity or subtype of TBI. There was some evidence to suggest an association between reduced stroke risk post-TBI and Vitamin K antagonists and statins, but increased stroke risk with certain classes of antidepressants. Conclusion TBI is an independent risk factor for stroke, regardless of TBI severity or type. Post-TBI review and management of risk factors for stroke may be warranted.

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