scholarly journals Reproductive and growth performances in female giant freshwater prawn following inhibition of gonadal maturation using dopamine and medroxyprogesterone hormone

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
Megawati Wijaya ◽  
Agus Oman Sudrajat ◽  
Imron
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Gonad Development ◽  
Macrobrachium Rosenbergii ◽  
Somatic Growth ◽  
Freshwater Prawn ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
Gonadal Maturation ◽  
Giant Freshwater Prawn ◽  
Gonadal Maturity

ABSTRACT One of the main problem in giant river prawn (GFP) culture is early gonadal maturation in female resulting a reduced growth performance. This problem cause economic losses. When GFP at gonadal maturation, somatic growth will be inhibited because energy is used for reproduction. A factorial experimental design using two factors, namely dopamine and medroxyprogesterone, with each factor consist of three levels was applied. Three dopamine levels were 0, 10-5 mol/shrimp, and 10-10 mol/shrimp, while the medroxyprogesterone levels were 0, 75 mg/1.5 mL/bodyweight, and 150 mg/3 mL/bodyweight with a density 15 individual/tank. The utilization of dopamine and medroxyprogesterone in GFP (initial bodyweight : 11.27 ± 0.97 g) through injection at the third periopod was done three times at week 0, 2nd, and 4th with two weeks interval. The results showed that hormone inhibitor treatments affected both growth and reproductive performances in female GFP. The treated individuals showed a lower gonadal maturity indicator values and faster growth rate than control. Gonadal maturity, as shown by gonad histology, in all treatments were lower (previtelogenic and vitellogenic stages) than that in control which is in mature stage. Estradiol concentration premix dopamine 10-10 mol/shrimp and medroxyprogesterone 150 mg/3 mL/bodyweight treatments are lower than control. In conclusion, dopamine and medroxyprogesterone administration could suppres GSI and gonad development, and also increase growth rate. Keywords: Macrobrachium rosenbergii, dopamine, medroxyprogesterone, gonad development, growth.

scholarly journals PERFORMA REPRODUKSI DAN PERTUMBUHAN UDANG GALAH BETINA Macrobrachium rosenbergii SETELAH PEMBERIAN HORMON MEDROXY PROGESTERON ACETAT MELALUI PAKAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Fajar Anggraeni ◽  
Fajar Anggraeni ◽  
Desak Made Malini ◽  
Imron Imron
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Medroxyprogesterone Acetate ◽  
Gonad Development ◽  
Macrobrachium Rosenbergii ◽  
Somatic Growth ◽  
Freshwater Prawn ◽  
Gonad Maturation ◽  
Giant Freshwater Prawn ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Somatic Index

Salah satu permasalahan pada budidaya udang galah adalah keberadaan udang galah betina bertelur pada saat pembesaran. Penghambatan pema tangan gonad menggunakan hormon medroxyprogesterone acetat (MPA) yang diberikan secara injeksi pada udang galah dapat menekan indeks kematangan gonad (IKG), perkembangan gonad, dan meningkatkan laju pertumbuhan. Namun, pemberian MPA secara injeksi dapat meningkatkan stres dan kematian pada udang galah, Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji pengaruh pemberian hormon medroxy progesteron acetat melalui pakan terhadap performa reproduksi dan pertumbuhan. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimental, desain penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan dan lima kali pengulangan. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah kontrol (hormon MPA pada konsentrasi 0 mg/kg pakan), P-1 (hormon MPA pada konsentrasi 50 mg/kg pakan), P-2 (hormon MPA pada konsentrasi 100 mg/kg pakan), dan P-3 (hormon MPA pada konsentrasi 150 mg/kg pakan) yang diberikan pada udang galah betina selama 60 hari. Parameter yang diamati adalah kematangan gonad, egg clutch somatic index (ESI), fekunditas, kadar estradiol, laju pertumbuhan spesifik, dan sintasan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian hormon MPA dengan konsentrasi 50, 100 dan 150 mg/kg pakan secara signifikan menghambat reproduksi dan pada konsentrasi 100 mg/kg pakan dapat meningkatkan laju pertumbuhan pada udang galah betina umur lima bulan. ESI, fekunditas dan tingkat sintasan tidak terpengaruh oleh perlakuan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah pemberian hormon medroxy progesteron acetat melalui pakan pada konsentrasi 100 mg/kg pakan secara signifikan dapat menghambat pematangan gonad dan peningkatan pertumbuhan udang galah betina.One of the problems in giant freshwater prawn farming is female prawns laying eggs during grow-out, leading to reduced somatic growth of the prawns. Inhibition of gonad maturation using medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) hormone via injection in giant freshwater prawns can suppress the gonad maturity index (GSI), gonad development, and increase the growth rate. However, the administration of MPA by injection could increase stress and mortality in giant freshwater prawns. The purpose of this study was to examine the application of MPA through dietary administration on the reproductive performance and growth of female giant freshwater prawns. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with four treatments and five replications. Treatments of MPA at concentrations of 0 mg/kg feed (as control), 50 mg/kg feed (P-1), 100 mg/kg feed (P-2), and 150 mg/kg feed (P-3) were supplemented in a commercial artificial feed and fed to the freshwater prawns for 60 days. Parameters of gonad maturation, egg clutch somatic index (ESI), fecundity, oestradiol concentration, specific growth rate, and survival rate were measured during the research period. The result showed that MPA administration at concentrations of 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg feed significantly inhibited gonad maturation, and at concentration 100 mg/kg feed increased growth of female giant freshwater prawn at five-month age. The ESI, fecundity and survival, however, were not affected by the treatment. This study concludes that the administration of medroxyprogesterone acetate hormone through feed significantly inhibited gonad maturation and increasedthe growth of female giant freshwater prawns.

Quantitative genetic parameters for body traits at different ages in a cultured stock of giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) selected for fast growth

2014 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinh Hung ◽  
Nguyen Hong Nguyen ◽  
David A. Hurwood ◽  
Peter B. Mather
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Macrobrachium Rosenbergii ◽  
High Growth ◽  
High Growth Rate ◽  
Fast Growth ◽  
Freshwater Prawn ◽  
Giant Freshwater Prawn ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Variance And Covariance Components

The aim of the current study was to estimate heritabilities and correlations for body traits at different ages (Weeks 10 and 18 after stocking) in a giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) population selected for fast growth rate in Vietnam. The dataset consisted of 4650 body records (2432 and 2218 records collected at Weeks 10 and 18, respectively) in the full pedigree comprising a total of 18 387 records. Variance and covariance components were estimated using restricted maximum likelihood fitting a multi-trait animal model. Estimates of heritability for body traits (bodyweight, body length, cephalothorax length, abdominal length, cephalothorax width and abdominal width) were moderate and ranged from 0.06 to 0.11 and from 0.11 to 0.22 at Weeks 10 and 18, respectively. Body-trait heritabilities estimated at Week 10 were not significantly lower than at Week 18. Genetic correlations between body traits within age and genetic correlations for body traits between ages were generally high. Our results suggested that selection for high growth rate in GFP can be undertaken successfully before full market size has been reached.

scholarly journals Cryo-Electron Microscopy Structure of the Macrobrachium rosenbergii Nodavirus Capsid at 7 Angstroms Resolution

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kok Lian Ho ◽  
Chare Li Kueh ◽  
Poay Ling Beh ◽  
Wen Siang Tan ◽  
David Bhella
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Outer Surface ◽  
Macrobrachium Rosenbergii ◽  
Freshwater Prawn ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Viral Capsid ◽  
Giant Freshwater Prawn ◽  
Shrimp Farms

AbstractWhite tail disease in the giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii causes significant economic losses in shrimp farms and hatcheries and poses a threat to food-security in many developing countries. Outbreaks of Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNV), the causative agent of white tail disease (WTD) are associated with up to 100% mortality rates. Recombinant expression of the capsid protein of MrNV in insect cells leads to the production of VLPs closely resembling the native virus. We have investigated the structure of MrNV VLPs by cryogenic electron microscopy, determining a structure of the viral capsid at 7 angstroms resolution. Our data show that MrNV VLPs package nucleic acids in a manner reminiscent of other known nodavirus structures. The structure of the capsid however shows striking differences from insect and fish infecting nodaviruses, which have been shown to assemble trimer-clustered T=3 icosahedral virus particles. MrNV particles have pronounced dimeric blade-shaped spikes extending up to 6 nm from the outer surface of the capsid shell. Our structural analysis supports the assertion that MrNV along with the related virus of marine shrimp Penaeus vannamei nodavirus (PvNV) may represent a new genus of the Nodaviridae.Author summaryMacrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNV) is the causative agent of white tail disease (WTD) which leads to 100% mortality in shrimp-farms growing giant freshwater prawn (M. rosenbergii). MrNV is therefore a significant threat to food security and causes severe economic losses in developing countries such as Malaysia, Indonesia, Pakistan, Thailand and India. Here we have used electron microscopy to study the three-dimensional structure of MrNV, revealing that the viral capsid – the protein shell that encloses the viral genome, protecting it and transporting it from one host to the next – is differently organised to capsids produced by other viruses in the nodavirus family. The virus was found to have large blade-like spikes on its outer surface that are likely important in the early stages of infection, when the virus attaches to and enters a host cell.

Effects of All-trans retinoic acid on germ cell development of embryos and larvae of the giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii

Biologia ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noppakun Pakdeenarong ◽  
Praneet Damrongphol
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Gonad Development ◽  
Macrobrachium Rosenbergii ◽  
Freshwater Prawn ◽  
Giant Freshwater Prawn ◽  
Trans Retinoic Acid ◽  
All Trans Retinoic Acid

AbstractEmbryos of the giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, were treated with 1, 10 or 50 µg ml−1 all-trans retinoic acid (AtRA) for 2 days. Survival and hatching rates were not affected. However, an increase in the number of primordial germ cells (PGCs), progenitors of gametes, and a slightly more advanced stage of the gonads were found in those treated with 10 or 50 µg ml−1 AtRA. Newly hatched larvae were treated with 0.1, 0.5 or 1 µg ml−1 AtRA for 2 days. Survival rates were lower in those treated with 0.5 or 1 µg ml−1 AtRA; nevertheless, the gonads were slightly more developed. The results indicated that AtRA, an active metabolite of vitamin A, affected germ cell and gonad development of embryos and the larvae of giant freshwater prawn.

scholarly journals Pakan Melayang (Bouyancy Feed) Pengganti Egg Custard Untuk Meningkatkan Keseragaman Ukuran Dan Survival Rate Larva Udang Galah (Macrobrachium rosenbergii de Man)

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Satria Satria ◽  
Rice Novrizah
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Macrobrachium Rosenbergii ◽  
Freshwater Prawn ◽  
Giant Freshwater Prawn ◽  
Size Growth ◽  
Biological Aspects ◽  
De Man

Wacana pakan bouyancy pada pemeliharaan larva udang galah muncul karena dugaan untuk meratakan keberadaan pakan di kolom air dan memudahkan larva dalam menangkap pakan sehingga meningkatkan keseragaman ukuran larva pada D10 keatas, menekan laju kanibalisme, mempercepat grow rate dan meningkatkan survival rate. Percobaan ini dilakukan di bak di dalam hapa mini berukuran 100x100x50 cm selama 30 hari; menggunakan larva udang galah D7. Kepadatan tebar 200-300 ekor/L. Pakan bouyancy diberikan 3 kali/hari dengan takaran antara 10-30% bobot biomassa. Percobaan diulang 2 kali. Kajian pemberian pakan bouyancy dilakukan menggunakan bahan pakan berupa susu 150 gr, terigu 150 gr, telur 8 butir, minyak cumi 10 gr, cumi-cumi 150 gr, yeast 5 gr vit C 0,5 gr dan pewarna makanan. Untuk mengoptimalkan daya apung ekstrusi pakan dilakukan secara sederhana dengan menggunakan mixer dan reaksi dari yeast dan gula menghasilkan gas ke pori-pori pakan. Beberapa parameter yang diamati sebagai bahan konsiderasi dari aspek biologis antara lain daya apung pakan, keseragaman ukuran larva, laju pertumbuhan, umur larva, survival rate dan laju konsumsi. Dari hasil percobaan diperoleh daya apung pakan dikolom air bertahan paling lama satu jam. Keseragaman ukuran larva pada D10 keatas sebesar 70%, laju pertumbuhan tercepat diperoleh pada D14 dengan ukuran 10 mm (7%), umur larva yang tercepat masuk stadia Post Larva terjadi pada stadia D20 (5%) dan survival rate sebesar 40% yang dihasilkan selama masa pemeliharaan. Kata Kunci: Larva Udang Galah, Pakan Bouyancy dan Ekstrusi The discourse of bouyancy feed in the breeding of giant freshwater prawn larva appears to distribute evenly the feed in the water column and to ease the larva in catching the feed to improve uniformity of larva size from D10 to up, pressing its cannibalism, improving its grow rate and survival rate. This research was conducted in fairish micronet 100x100x50 cm for 30 days; using Larva Giant freshwater prawn larva (D7). The density of disperse was 200-300 larva/L. Bouyancy feed was given 3 times/day by measuring around 10-30% weight of biomass. It was repeated 2 times. Bouyancy feed was made of several materials, they are: 150 gr of milk, 150 gr of wheat, 8 pieces of egg, 10 ml of Squid oil, 150 gr Squid, 5 gr yeast, 0,5 gr of Vitamin C and food coloured. To optimize the exstrution of feed, it is conducted simply by using mixer and reaction of sugar and yeast yielded gas to pore the feed. Some parameters observed as biological aspects such as buoyancy feed, uniformity of larva size growth rate, age of larva, survival rate and consumption rate. The result showed that the buoyancy feed could survive for one hour. The uniformity of larva size at D10 to up was gained about 70%, the fastest growth rate was obtained at D14 at the size of 10 mm ( 7%), the fastest larvea age entering Post Larva stage occurred at stage D20 ( 5%). Survival rate gained during the treatment was 40%. Keywords: Giant freshwater prawn larva, bouyancy feed and ekstrution

scholarly journals SEKUENS mtDNA CO-1, KARAKTER REPRODUKSI DAN TOLERANSI TERHADAP LINGKUNGAN DARI UDANG GALAH BENGAWAN SOLO

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Estu Nugroho ◽  
Astuti Astuti ◽  
Fitriana Yulaeni ◽  
Pristika Y. Praninda ◽  
Riyan K. Putra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rates ◽  
Macrobrachium Rosenbergii ◽  
Larval Survival ◽  
Freshwater Prawn ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Environmental Tolerance ◽  
Giant Freshwater Prawn ◽  
Gonadal Maturity ◽  
Clustal Omega

Indonesia dikenal sebagai pusat sumber daya udang air tawar, salah satu di antaranya adalah udang galah dari daerah aliran sungai (DAS) Bengawan Solo. Kegiatan penelitian bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi secara genetik dan mendapatkan informasi tentang karakter reproduksi dan daya adaptasinya terhadap lingkungan dari udang galah Bengawan Solo. Identifikasi dilakukan melalui sekuensing daerah mtDNA CO-1. Pengamatan reproduksi dilakukan pada saat matang gonad pertama. Toleransi terhadap lingkungan terdiri atas uji salinitas, pH, suhu, dan oksigen terlarut (DO). Data sekuensing dianalisis dengan menggunakan program CLUSTAL OMEGA. Data reproduksi dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan menggunakan program Excel. Data hasil uji toleransi terhadap lingkungan dianalisis dengan menggunakan program SPSS 16. Sekuens mtDNA CO-1 udang galah Bengawan Solo mempunyai tingkat similaritas 98% terhadap Macrobrachium rosenbergii (KM234150). Proporsi basa A (27,62%), G (19,53%), T (27,34%), dan C (25,52%) menyusun 239 residu asam amino. Filogenetik berdasarkan jarak genetik mengelompokkan udang galah Bengawan Solo, GImacro, Siratu, Mahakam, dan KM234150 dalam satu grup. Induk udang galah umur 216 hari mencapai matang gonad yang pertama dengan ukuran panjang 15,32 ± 0,58 cm; bobot 48,58 ± 5,87 g (jantan) dan 13,86 ± 0,75 cm; bobot 29,04 ± 4,64 g (betina). Tingkat fekunditas yang dimiliki oleh induk betina adalah 834,67 ± 57,73 butir/g. Diameter telur berkisar 0,40-0,53 mm dengan bobot rata-rata 0,112 g. Sintasan larva hingga umur satu bulan adalah sebesar 50,56 ± 0,61%. Benih udang galah pada salinitas 5-25 ppt mempunyai tingkat sintasan 73,33%-86,67%; pH 4-8 dengan tingkat sintasan 66,67%-73,33%; suhu 20°C-34°C dengan tingkat sintasan 76,67%-96,67% dan tingkat oksigen yang dibutuhkan benih udang galah > 1,04 mg/L.Indonesia is known as a resource center for freshwater shrimp, one of which is the giant freshwater prawn from Bengawan Solo watershed. This research aimed to genetically identify and obtain information about the giant freshwater prawn’s reproduction and adaptation characters in a culture environment. Identification was made by sequencing the MtDNA CO-1 region. Reproductive observation was carried out when the first gonad matured. Environmental tolerance tests consisted of salinity, pH, temperature, and dissolved oxygen (DO) tests. Sequencing data were analyzed using the CLUSTAL OMEGA program. Reproduction data were analyzed descriptively using the Excel program. Data from the environmental tolerance tests were analyzed using the SPSS 16 software package. The mtDNA CO-1 sequencing result of Bengawan Solo prawns has a 98% similarity rate to Macrobrachium rosenbergii (KM234150). The proportions of base A (27.62%), G (19.53%), T (27.34%), and C (25.52%) have compiled 239 amino acid residues. Phylogenetic analysis based on the genetic distance has grouped Bengawan Solo, GImacro, Siratu, Mahakam, and M. rosenbergii-KM234150 in one group. The broodstock parent reached the first gonadal maturity at 216 days with an average body length and weight of 15.32 ± 0.58 cm; 48.58 ± 5.87 g for male and 13.86 ± 0.75 cm; 29.04 ± 4.64 g for female, respectively. The fecundity rate of the female parent was 834.67 ± 57.73 eggs/g body weight. Egg diameters ranged from 0.40 to 0.53 mm, with an average weight of 0.112 g. Larval survival was 50.56 ± 0.61%. Seed prawns subjected with: salinity tests between 5-25 ppt have survival rates between 73.33%-86.67%; pH tests ranged between 4-8 have survival rates between 66.67%-73.33%; temperature test between 20°C-34°C have survival rate between 76.67%-96.67%. The optimum oxygen level needed for giant prawn seeds > 1.04 mg/L.

scholarly journals Characterization of prostanoid pathway and the control of its activity by the eyestalk optic ganglion in the female giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii

Heliyon ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. e05898
Author(s):  
Tipsuda Thongbuakaew ◽  
Chanudporn Sumpownon ◽  
Attakorn Engsusophon ◽  
Napamanee Kornthong ◽  
Charoonroj Chotwiwatthanakun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Macrobrachium Rosenbergii ◽  
Freshwater Prawn ◽  
Giant Freshwater Prawn ◽  
Optic Ganglion
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