scholarly journals Innovative Rural Financing In Zimbabwe: A Case Of Cattle Banking

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 815
Author(s):  
David Bote ◽  
Stephen Mago ◽  
Costa Hofisi
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Rural Finance ◽  
Innovative Strategy ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Lost Decade ◽  
Bank Accounts ◽  
Financing Strategy

This study breaks new ground by looking at an innovative financial approach of livestock banking vis--vis rural finance. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the validity and feasibility of cattle banking as an alternative innovative financing strategy in Africa with specific reference to Zimbabwe. Cattle banking has entered the debate on innovative financing for rural areas. In Zimbabwe, TN Bank (now Steward Bank) has taken the bull by the horns through introducing the new strategy to farmers who are mostly rural. Cattle are very important assets in the rural areas despite the challenge of climate change and global warming that have direct negative effects on pastures. This is an exploratory paper that relies on extensive literature relating to cattle banking. The authors find that cattle banking has the potential to assist farmers to open bank accounts using cattle, thus encouraging them to save their assets. Moreover cattle banking promotes asset-building among farmers. Many farmers in the rural areas of Zimbabwe do not have bank accounts because of what they experienced during Zimbabwes lost decade (2000-2010) when bankers lost millions of dollars to the hyperinflation. This paper recommends that cattle banking should be developed as it has the potential to uplift the livelihoods of rural farmers. It is also seen as an innovative strategy to overcome rural finance challenges.

scholarly journals Are Honey Bees at Risk from Microplastics?

Toxics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Yahya Al Naggar ◽  
Markus Brinkmann ◽  
Christie M. Sayes ◽  
Saad N. AL-Kahtani ◽  
Showket A. Dar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Aquatic Systems ◽  
Wide Spread ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Persistent Pollutants ◽  
Research Questions

Microplastics (MPs) are ubiquitous and persistent pollutants, and have been detected in a wide variety of media, from soils to aquatic systems. MPs, consisting primarily of polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyacrylamide polymers, have recently been found in 12% of samples of honey collected in Ecuador. Recently, MPs have also been identified in honey bees collected from apiaries in Copenhagen, Denmark, as well as nearby semiurban and rural areas. Given these documented exposures, assessment of their effects is critical for understanding the risks of MP exposure to honey bees. Exposure to polystyrene (PS)-MPs decreased diversity of the honey bee gut microbiota, followed by changes in gene expression related to oxidative damage, detoxification, and immunity. As a result, the aim of this perspective was to investigate whether wide-spread prevalence of MPs might have unintended negative effects on health and fitness of honey bees, as well as to draw the scientific community’s attention to the possible risks of MPs to the fitness of honey bees. Several research questions must be answered before MPs can be considered a potential threat to bees.

scholarly journals Do Economic Reforms Spur Bancarisation Rate in the CEMAC Region? Empirical Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Gérard Tchouassi
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Economic Reforms ◽  
Method Of Moment ◽  
Institutional Reforms ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Financial Reforms ◽  
Bank Accounts ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moment

<p>The aim of this paper is to empirically analyze the effect of the economic reforms on the bancarisation rate in the Central Africa Economic and Monetary Community (CEMAC). Data of six countries from the sub-region from 2001 to 2011 was used in a generalized method of moment (GMM) modeling framework. The following results are obtained: Financial liberalization has facilitated the opening of bank accounts. The opening of bank accounts demand is an increasing function of Gross Domestic Product per capita. The literacy rate contributes to the improvement of financial and banking services. Public and private infrastructures promote decentralization and delocalization of the banking network to smaller cities and rural areas. Institutional reforms work best for increasing the bancarisation rate where financial and banking activities are weak. So, the economic policy to be implemented is to continue the economic and financial reforms and ameliorate the quality of the institutions in the CEMAC region.</p>

scholarly journals Study on the path of Integration use of Land Resource elements under the background of Rural Revitalization

2021 ◽  
Vol 236 ◽  
pp. 01040
Author(s):  
Hong Tang ◽  
Changpin Ji ◽  
Yan Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Circulation System ◽  
Land Resource ◽  
Resource Integration ◽  
Land Utilization ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Rural Economic Development

At present, with the rapid development of urban-rural integration, the problems of land fragmentation in rural areas, such as low land use rate, poor economic benefits, many production conflicts and disputes, land distribution difficulties and other negative effects, continue to appear, and the rural economic development is very severe. Based on this, this paper mainly studies the path of land resource integration, studies the reform of land system in various aspects, such as land circulation system, homestead reform, land acquisition system and other specific systems, and studies the specific path of land resource integration, so as to promote the land utilization rate, promote the rapid development of population industry and its development The increase of farmers' income.

scholarly journals Religion, Moral and Modernisation of Urban Society: A Study on the Roles of Religion in Youth Development in Lampung, Republic of Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-116
Author(s):  
Suhandi ◽  
Azhar Jaafar
Keyword(s):  
Youth Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Process Data ◽  
The People ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Multi Access ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Role Of Religion

Modernisation is the consequence of the demands of the development that brings negative impacts to the society. It is undeniable that modernization also brings abundance of positive impacts that ease the life of people and that modernization and humanization cannot be separated. In this context, the youth are considered as unstable being, who easily being controlled by multi-access communication technology; from social, fashion, behaviour, lifestyle, and ideology. Almost all of the damaging sides of technology affect the youth. Religion as the spiritual agent has a major role in combating this change in the society. Religion can act as the social control to hinder from immoral behaviour and worthless actions among the society. The main issue in the current study is to investigate the role of religion in strengthening the moral among the teenagers. This research was conducted by using qualitative method. Data were collected through observation, interview and documentation. The participants of this research were the people of the rural areas in Bandar Lampung. After data collection was carried out, the data were processed qualitatively using the data reduction process, data exposure, and data verification. To conclude, the existence of the negative effects of modernization resulted from lack of religious virtues and parents’ control over their children’s social behaviour.

ICTS and Their Role in Health Promotion

2011 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Motshedisi B. Sabone ◽  
Keitshokile D. Mogobe ◽  
Tiny G. Sabone
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Level Of Effort

This chapter presents findings of mini-survey that utilized an exploratory descriptive design to examine the accessibility, affordability, acceptability, and utility of ICTs with specific reference to health promotion for selected rural communities. Specifically, the study focused on access to radio, television, mobile phone, and Internet services at a level of effort and cost that is both acceptable to and within the means of a large majority in a given village. The findings indicate that ICTs gadgets explored have opened up possibility for health services and information to reach even people in the rural areas. Ultimately, access affects the general well-being of individuals. One of the major initiatives under the umbrella of health is improving access to health services and information; and this covers among other things, expanding the delivery of health information through the radio and television. This study confirms breakthrough in this respect. Challenges that accompany the use of these ICT gadgets include no connectivity in some areas and lack of training to use them.

scholarly journals The Willingness to Pay in the Food Sector. Testing the Hypothesis of Consumer Preferences for Some Made in Italy Products

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 6275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucio Cappelli ◽  
Fabrizio D’Ascenzo ◽  
Maria Felice Arezzo ◽  
Roberto Ruggieri ◽  
Irina Gorelova
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Mass Consumption ◽  
Premium Price ◽  
Made In

Previous publications have shown that Italian consumers are willing to pay a premium price for certain categories of Made in Italy products. The premium price has proven to be higher in the food sector. This study provides an extensive literature review on the topic and aims to test a hypothesis regarding consumer preferences towards some Made in Italy food products of mass consumption (olive oil, meat and fish), with specific reference to the value systems that influence the purchase. This paper studies the correlation between the potential willingness to pay a premium price for the mentioned products and the characteristics of consumers’ sample. The results obtained confirm the willingness to pay for Made in Italy products and correlate the willingness to pay a premium price with the level of education of the respondents to the questionnaire. Thus, these findings show that consumers with a higher educational level tend to make more sustainable food choices and by doing so lean toward a sustainable lifestyle.

scholarly journals Rural finance institutions, markets and policies in Africa

2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 643-651
Author(s):  
G Pederson
Keyword(s):  
Financial Markets ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Financial Deepening ◽  
Rural Finance ◽  
Developing Regions ◽  
Agricultural Investment ◽  
Investment Financing ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
African Agriculture

We identify three types of obstacles (missing institutions) that limit the process of financial deepening in rural financial markets.  Each of these obstacles contributes to a continuing and common dilemma in developing countries - the lack of long-term finance.  In Africa, as in most developing regions, there is need to develop a more consistent strategy for improving access to term finance in agriculture and rural areas.  Although some examples of term financing can be found in African agriculture, the general lack of term financing in rural areas can be linked to the lack of general policy measures to enhance the environment for long-term financing, weak effective demand for rural and agricultural investment financing, and inadequate capacity of lenders to provide long-term finance to those clientele.

scholarly journals 59 “Lithium Damaged My Spine” Might not Be a Delusion After All

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 206-207
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zaidi ◽  
Anurag Prabhu ◽  
Jose Perez Martell ◽  
Sakshi Dhir
Keyword(s):  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Schizoaffective Disorder ◽  
Patient Population ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Mesh Terms ◽  
First Choice ◽  
History Of ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorders

AbstractBackgroundLithium remains to be the drug of choice for treating BPAD for the past few decades. There is extensive literature showing the effectiveness of Lithium when used as a mood stabilizing agent in bipolar spectrum disorders. However significant number of articles show that a third of the patients who receive lithium for their symptomology not only do not show any response but also may show deterioration of their clinical symptoms. (However, research shows that Lithium may negatively affect a third of the patients depending on various factors). The side effect profile of Lithium and especially its neurotoxic effects were discussed in depth in literature over the last decade. Although Lithium remains first choice as maintenance treatment for bipolar affective disorder, about half of all individuals may stop their treatment at some point, despite its proven benefits concerning the prevention of severe affective episodes and suicide.MethodsThe authors performed a systematic literature review to recognize the significance of negative effects of Lithium in a minority of patient population and also comment on the factors influencing patient compliance. We ran a literature search on Pubmed using the following terms: “Lithium” AND (“schizoaffective disorder [MeSH terms]” OR “Bipolar Affective disorder [MeSH terms]” ). Our inclusion criteria were studies which have observed effects of Lithium in schizoaffective patient population or bipolar affective patient population. Studies with other concurrent diagnoses were excluded.Case presentationWe discuss a fifty nine year old male with a history of multiple admissions to a forensic hospital care setting. He initially endorsed a diagnosis of Psychotic disorder NOS which was later changed to schizoaffective disorder during his subsequent admissions. He presented with affective psychotic features where his mood was labile shifting from melancholic to euphoric and a concurrent history of auditory verbal hallucinations. He displayed paranoid non-bizarre persecutory delusions and also alleged that one of his doctors had hated him and put him on Lithium as a form of punishment. He claims that Lithium, as a result, has significantly affected him negatively and also damaged his nerves. This led the authors to explore the significance of use of Lithiumin people with schizoaffective disorders and also bipolar affective disorders. We also discuss the disease course in the patient and his clinical response to use of various psychotropic medications.ConclusionsThe case exemplifies the negative effects of Lithium when used as a mood stabilizer in patient population that is susceptible to its adverse effects due to various factors.

Airbnb Contribution to Rural Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-46
Author(s):  
Abbas Strømmen-Bakhtiar ◽  
Evgueni Vinogradov ◽  
Marit Kristin Kvarum ◽  
Kristian Rydland Antonsen
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Urban Bias ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
The One

The technological developments described in terms of industrial revolutions or disruptive innovations have been shaping economic and social life in rural areas. The global trend towards urbanization presents a major challenge to rural communities. The aim of this article is to study how the peer-to-peer economy influences rural municipalities. On the one hand, in the literature, it is argued that sharing economy may improve accessibility, encourage mobility, attract investments and reduce urban bias. On the other hand, both academics and practitioners are aware of the disruptive effects of sharing economy on e.g., local real estate and labor markets. This qualitative study is based on empirical data from a municipality on the Lofoten Islands of Norway. The results demonstrate that Airbnb has some positive and some negative effects on rural development, but the magnitudes of these effects are modest. Of positive effects, the authors can mention increased local tourism, stimulation of conservation/restoration of traditional houses, and increased recreational mobility for rural residents.

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