scholarly journals An Analysis Of Firm Motivation In The Defense Industry

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
John G. Beverly ◽  
Frank J. Bonello ◽  
William I. Davisson ◽  
Larry C. Marsh
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Percent Level ◽  
Defense Industry ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
Total Sales

This article considers the performance of firms in the defense industry. The analysis suggests that in terms of profitability and revenue there is no advantage to be gained by a firm from increasing the proportion of its total sales which go to the military. As a corollary to this proposition we find that the firms examined are profit maximizers and are not content to simply maximize revenue. Another conclusion to be drawn from the empirical analysis that there is a difference between high and low defense commitment firms and that this distinction occurs when the percentage of sale to the government reaches the seventeen percent level.

scholarly journals Economic Growth, Policies and Influencing Factors: The Case of Albania

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Eleni Vangjeli ◽  
Anila Mancka
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Fiscal Policies ◽  
The Government ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

Monetary and fiscal policies are two policies that the government could use to keep a high level of growth, with a low inflancion. Fiscal policy has its initial impact on the stock market, while monetary policy in market assets. But, given that the goods and active markets are closely interrelated, both policies, monetary as well as fiscal have impact on the economy, increasing the level of product through the reduction of interest rates. In our paper we will show how functioning monetary and fiscal policies. But also in our paper we will analyze the different factors which have affected the economic growth of the country. The focus of our study is the graphical and empirical analysis of economic growth, policies and influencing factors. For the empirical analysis we have used data on the economic growth in Albania for 1996– 2014.

The Shaping of Popular Satisfaction with Government and Regime Performance in Germany

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 641-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
THOMAS R. CUSACK
Keyword(s):  
Federal Government ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Political System ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
West Germany ◽  
Government Performance ◽  
The West ◽  
The Government ◽  
Economic Developments ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

The article focuses on citizens’ satisfaction with the German democratic political system. The empirical analysis reported supports the argument that the performance of the economy and the government affect popular satisfaction with the regime. In the East, satisfaction with the regime remains very low and dissatisfaction has spread into West Germany. In the West, the sources of this dissatisfaction are both economic developments and government performance; citizens modify their views on the system as a consequence of the government’s and the economy’s successes and failures. The dynamic is similar in the East. Economic strains, and the perception that the federal government is not making sufficient efforts to equalize living standards, have kept the Eastern population from committing themselves to the new unified political system.

scholarly journals Analysis on the Effect of Chinese Medical Reform Policy on Medical Listed Companies -- Empirical Analysis on Listed Companies’ Stocks Returns

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Xiaoqian Fu
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Study Finding ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Systemic Reform ◽  
Private Hospitals ◽  
Medical Reform ◽  
Stock Market Reaction ◽  
Industrial Planning ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

This paper studies the stock market reaction of medical reform policies to examine policies’ effect on the listed companies which invested in hospital. This paper applies the method of Event Study, finding out that the announcement of the new round of medical and health systemic reform in 2009, the key work for medical and health systemic reform and its detailed rules of implementation in 2010, and the setting of several specific goals to develop the private hospitals run by civilians in 2012, have taken increases of listed companies’ stocks returns (rate of return) by 2.95%, 4.64% and 4.92% separately. That means the whole market value rose by almost 55 billion, 128 billion, and 131 billion of RMB respectively. The empirical analysis results show that share price’s return rate of the listed companies which invested in hospital are significantly associated with industrial planning and supporting policies launched by the government. That is to say, Chinese government’s policy which began to encourage and guide civilian capital to develop the medical industry stimulated the medical and health industry effectively and significantly.

Causes of China's Low Consumption from the Perspective of Local Governmental Competition

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-31
Author(s):  
Yaling Zhu ◽  
Huifang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
General Equilibrium ◽  
Public Goods ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Household Consumption ◽  
Total Consumption ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

Taking into account the three-sector general equilibrium perspective of the government, business, and household sectors and taking government public goods investment as intermediary; this article builds mathematical models of local governmental competition and three-sector consumption. It also theoretically analyzes the impacting path of local governmental competition, causing increased investment in public goods, thereby reducing consumption. At the same time, based on the model of China's provincial panel data from 1993 to 2015, the empirical analysis shows that a 1% increase in the level of competition among local governments will result in a corresponding decrease of 0.757% in total consumption, 0.348% in governmental competition, 0.340% in business consumption and 0.366% in household consumption. Local governmental competition leads to the government's tendency to invest in public goods and reduces the regional consumption, which especially damages the consumption capacity of the household sector.

The Empirical Analysis of E-Commerce Conference Communication Network Based on Social Network Theory

2013 ◽  
Vol 278-280 ◽  
pp. 1922-1927
Author(s):  
Yong Quan Hu ◽  
Yun Lei Xie
Keyword(s):  
Communication Network ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Small World ◽  
Social Network Theory ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
The Government ◽  
Industry Network ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

Against economic globalization backdrop, the government and scholars pay close attention to the e-commerce. Using the analysis tool--UCINET, the paper conducted an empirical analysis of E-commerce conference communication network based on social network theory. We have established an information database of Chinese E-commerce Conference, which reflects the relationships of conference communication network between them. Our findings are as follows: ①Some actors are in core position of the network, becoming the pioneers of leading the development of the retail industry network. But on the whole network, the network’s centralization doesn’t differ greatly. ②The communication network exerts a typical small world phenomenon. ③The conference communication network has no obvious phenomenon of "assigned" or "grade".

Military Expenditures and Economic Growth

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Paul Dunne ◽  
Nan Tian
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Military Spending ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

The literature on military spending and growth has become extremely large and diverse and has reached no clear consensus. This lack of consensus should not be unexpected, because there are a number of issues that make the empirical analysis of the relationship difficult to undertake and make it difficult to identify the particular impact of military spending on growth. Some of these issues have had relatively little attention in the literature. The historical context can affect the military spending and growth relation, so there is no reason not to expect different results for different periods. There are various theoretical perspectives that can be used in any analysis and numerous channels through which military spending can affect growth, which means that studies can differ in how they specify the models. In estimating models, a range of econometric techniques have been used, which can affect the results. There also remain issues of identification that present problems for empirical analysis. The observed correlation between output and military expenditure is likely to be negative if the system is driven by strategic shocks and positive if it is driven by economic shocks. Improved military spending data and the existence of some shocks, such as the end of the Cold War, is helping in dealing with identification, but it still remains a concern. Overall, more recent studies show that, in general, it is much more likely that military spending has a negative effect on economic growth than was evident in the past. The issues involved in undertaking any empirical analysis on military spending and growth mean that the debate is likely to continue.

scholarly journals Steuerliche Spendenanreize: Ein Reformvorschlag

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludwig von Auer ◽  
Andreas Kalusche
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Marginal Tax Rate ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Taxable Income ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
Tax Deduction ◽  
Tax Abatement

SummaryIn Germany, donations to charitable institutions can be deducted from the taxable income. The government subsidizes each donated Euro by the household′s marginal tax rate. Unfortunately, this system has some serious shortcomings. Therefore, the existing tax deduction of donations should be replaced by a uniform tax abatement rate. Such a reformed system would be more transparent than the existing system and it would lead to a price of donating that is equal for all households. Furthermore, the empirical analysis of this study has shown that for an abatement rate of roughly 50 % a positive (though small) fiscal effect occurs.

scholarly journals Civil War Outcome, Democratization, and Ethnic Support

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nils W Metternich
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Political Position ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Government Leader ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

What are the conditions under which post-conflict elections take place and why do only few post-conflict elections result in democratic post-conflict orders? This is the main puzzle raised in this paper. The argument is that the decision to stage elections and democratize is highly strategic and depends on the ethnic size of the post-conflict government leader. Especially post-conflict leaders with large ethnic support are able to utilize quick post-conflict elections to stabilize and legitimize their political position. However, in the long run the government leaders prefer institutions that maximize their time in office and therefore will hinder full scale democratization. The empirical analysis demonstrates that the timing of elections and democratization depend on the ethnic support of the new government and the civil war outcome.

scholarly journals Agricultural Prices in Pakistan: A Multimarket Analysis

1988 ◽  
Vol 27 (4II) ◽  
pp. 577-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faiz Mohammad ◽  
Sayyid Tahir
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Price Policy ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
Price Changes ◽  
Agricultural Prices ◽  
Price Effects ◽  
The Government ◽  
Agricultural Price ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

This paper attempts to analyse the effects of changes in agricultural prices on different segments of the society. Taking the cases of two major crops; namely wheat and rice, and of agricultural inputs in general, it works out the 'own-price effects' and 'cross-price effects' of price changes on producers, consumers, and the government in Pakistan.1 In this way the paper provides a broad (multimarket) framework which could be used to evaluate the government's agricultural price policy.2 The paper is divided into three sections_ Section I discusses the methodological framework. The empirical analysis is provided in Section II. Section III deals with some tentative Conclusions inferable from this study.

scholarly journals O Rio contra o crime: relatos de uma “guerra” televisionada

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Kleber Mendonça
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Public Arena ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Discursive Interaction ◽  
Dialogic Interaction ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

A partir da análise de reportagens veiculadas pela TV Globo durante a ocupação militar do Complexo do Alemão, no Rio de Janeiro, reflete-se, aqui, acerca das formas de interação discursiva propostas pela emissora. Em particular, fixaremos nosso olhar na relação entre as fontes e a instância jornalística e nos modos como foram concedidas, a esses sujeitos, possibilidades de participação no relato dos fatos. A hipótese que a análise empírica permite estabelecer é a de que a “interação”, proposta/imposta pela forma como a TV Globo tratou o acontecimento, limitou a visibilidade de algumas vozes naquela que deveria ser uma arena pública plural. Parte-se, aqui, da perspectiva teórica que pensa a comunicação como produto do embate entre interlocutores, no qual se dá um complexo processo de produção de efeitos de sentido entre sujeitos em constante e conflituosa interação dialógica, impregnada, portanto, de gestos de dominações, recusas, antecipações e convencimentos. **************************************************** ABSTRACT From the analysis of news broadcast by TV Globo during the military occupation of the Complexo do Alemão, in Rio de Janeiro, it is reflected here, about the forms of discursive interaction proposed by the issuer. In particular, we will fix our gaze on the relationship between journalism field and journalistic sources and how the possibilities for participation in the reporting of the facts were given to these subjects. The hypothesis that the empirical analysis allows to establish is that the “interaction” proposed/imposed by the way TV Globo treated the event has limited visibility of voices in what should be a plural public arena. We propose a theoretical perspective that considers communication as a product of the clash between partners in which there is a complex process of production of effects of meaning between subjects. Such a process is in constant conflict and dialogic interaction, filled with acts of domination, denial, anticipations and persuasions.

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