scholarly journals El español y las políticas lingüísticas en Estados Unidos: el caso de los Estados fronterizos con México

2013 ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Lilián Paola Torrente Paternina
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Bilingual Education ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
The United States ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Language Policies ◽  
Border States ◽  
Historical Origin ◽  
The U.S

Se realizó una consulta bibliográfica sobre la situación actual de las políticas educativas y lingüísticas relacionadas con la enseñanza bilingüe en los estados fronterizos de Estados Unidos con México. Se describe la inexistente, pero implícita política lingüística federal en los Estados Unidos de América, sus políticas ad hoc sobre educación bilingüe y, en especial, la situación actual del español en los estados fronterizos con México y sus legislaciones al respecto, ya que el crecientesentimiento anti-inmigrante existente en estos estados se ve reflejado en las políticas de restricción del uso del español y otros idiomas diferentes del inglés, lo cual constituye una profunda contradicción si se tiene en cuenta el origen histórico de esta región.Palabras clave: español, educación bilingüe, política lingüística, monolingüismo, hispanos. AbstractThe present study is a bibliographic review of the current situation of educational and linguistic policies related to bilingual education in the border states between the U.S. and Mexico. It describes the nonexistent but implicit federal language policies in the United States of America as well as its ad hoc policies on bilingual education, especially regarding the current situation of Spanish and its legislation in the border states with Mexico. The growing anti-immigrant feeling that exists in these states is reflected in the policies restricting the use of Spanish and other languages different from English. This situation establishes a deep contradiction taking into account the historical origin of this region.Key words: Spanish, bilingual education, language policy, monolingualism, Hispanic citizens.

scholarly journals Language and translation practices of Spanish-language newspapers published in the U.S. borderlands between 1808 and 1930

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Gasca Jiménez ◽  
Maira E. Álvarez ◽  
Sylvia Fernández
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Language Use ◽  
The United States ◽  
Spanish Language ◽  
Hispanic American ◽  
Language Policies ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The U.S

Abstract This article examines the impact of the anglicizing language policies implemented after the annexation of the U.S. borderlands to the United States on language use by describing the language and translation practices of Spanish-language newspapers published in the U.S. borderlands across different sociohistorical periods from 1808 to 1930. Sixty Hispanic-American newspapers (374 issues) from 1808 to 1980 were selected for analysis. Despite aggressive anglicizing legislation that caused a societal shift of language use from Spanish into English in most borderland states after the annexation, the current study suggests that the newspapers resisted assimilation by adhering to the Spanish language in the creation of original content and in translation.

scholarly journals Planetarium commute accessibility in the United States of America

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander A. Kaurov ◽  
Vyacheslav Bazhenov ◽  
Mark SubbaRao
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Science Communication ◽  
The United States ◽  
Census Bureau ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Commute Time ◽  
Pandemic Response ◽  
Zip Code ◽  
The U.S

The COVID-19 global pandemic unprecedently disturbed the education system in the United States and lead to the closure of all planetariums that were providing immersive science communication. This situation motivates us to examine how accessible the planetarium facilities were before the pandemic. We investigate the most important socioeconomic and geographical factors that affect the planetarium accessibility using the U.S. Census Bureau data and the commute time to the nearest planetarium for each ZIP Code Tabulated Area. We show the magnitude of the effect of permanent closure of a fraction of planetariums. Our study can be informative for strategizing the pandemic response.

scholarly journals Performing Nordic White Femininity

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-70
Author(s):  
Hélène Ohlsson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
White Femininity ◽  
The U.S

This study is an intersectional investigation of how the first two international Swedish superstars, Jenny Lind (1820–1887) and Christina Nilsson (1843–1921), performed gender, race, nationalism, and class during their respective tours of the United States of America in 1850–1852 and 1870–1872. The purpose is to chart early transatlantic performances of Nordic white femininity and Swedishness as well as to discuss the symbolical values and associations that it signaled. I will argue that Lind and Nilsson set out a template of idealized Nordic white femininity in the U.S. and that they contributed to the growing identity and self-awareness of Swedish-Americans.

MEXUSPAC: MEXICO/U.S. PACIFIC REGIONAL RESPONSE COORDINATION TEAM1

1995 ◽  
Vol 1995 (1) ◽  
pp. 959-960
Author(s):  
Daniel Whiting
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Coast Guard ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Contingency Plan ◽  
Marine Safety ◽  
The U.S

ABSTRACT The Agreement of Cooperation Between the United States of America and the United Mexican States Regarding Pollution of the Marine Environment by Discharges of Hydrocarbons and other Hazardous Substances, signed in Mexico City in 1980, provides a framework for cooperation in response to pollution incidents that pose a threat to the waters of both countries. Under this agreement, MEXUSPAC organizes Mexican and U.S. response agencies to plan for and respond to pollution emergencies in the marine environment. The MEXUSPAC contingency plan designates the commandant of the Mexican Second Naval Zone and the chief of the U.S. Coast Guard 11th District Marine Safety Division as the MEXUSPAC Cochairmen, and defines on-scene commanders, joint operations centers, and communications protocols that would be needed to coordinate the response to pollution incidents affecting both countries.

scholarly journals La educación bilingüe en los Estados Unidos: Programas, perspectivas, retos y lecciones

2020 ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
David Nieto
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Bilingual Education ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
The Us ◽  
The U.S

The present paper engages in a historical analysis and interpretation of the policies that have contributed to develop bilingual education in the United States. Departing from the U.S. interpretation of bilingual education, this study examines each of the educational programs that have been implemented in the country since the twentieth century, its pedagogical underpinnings, and the critical evaluation of its outcomes. The paper concludes with an analysis of potential interpretations and lessons that the US case may have for other contexts.

35 United States of America

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cohn Joshua
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
New York State ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Security Interest ◽  
Bankruptcy Code ◽  
The Right ◽  
The U.S

This chapter examines the most common aspects of the right of set-off in the United States, focusing on the State of New York. It also considers the U.S. Bankruptcy Code and its implications for the right of set-off. The chapter first considers contractual and statutory set-off outside bankruptcy proceedings and whether set-off can be considered a security interest before discussing set-off against insolvent parties. It explains how the right of set-off is affected by the automatic stay provision in section 362 of the Bankruptcy Code, the prohibition of creditor preferences, and fraudulent transfers. It also analyses choice of law issues arising in cross-border set-off, taking into account the relevant provisions of the New York State law and Chapter 15 of the Bankruptcy Code. Finally, it reviews the applicable rules for non-U.S. parties participating in a debtor's plenary Bankruptcy Code proceeding in the absence of a Chapter 15 ancillary proceeding.

International Court of Justice Rules in Favor of Germany and Against the United States in the LaGrand Case

2001 ◽  
Vol 2 (12) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vienna Convention ◽  
International Court Of Justice ◽  
Binding Effect ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
International Court ◽  
Domestic Courts ◽  
The U.S

In its judgement from June 27, 2001, in the LaGrand Case (Germany v. United States of America), the International Court of Justice made a number of watershed rulings: (a) The Court established that Article 36(1) of the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations creates individual rights for foreign nationals abroad, and not just rights protecting the interests of states that are a party to the Convention; (b) The Court ruled that, beyond the undisputed failure on the part of the U.S. to take the measures required by the Convention, the application of an American provision of criminal procedure in the LaGrand brothers' cases (a provision that prevented the domestic courts from reviewing the implications of the Convention violation admitted by the Americans) itself constituted a violation of Article 36(2) of the Convention; (c) The Court, as a remedy in the case of future violations of the Convention, ordered the United States to provide a procedure for the review and reconsideration of convictions secured in circumstances in which the obligations of the Convention had not been observed; and (d) as a separate matter the Court ruled that its provisional orders, issued pursuant to Article 41 of the Statute of the International Court of Justice, have binding effect.

The Securitization of China's Technology Companies in the United States of America

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-178
Author(s):  
Giandi Kartasasmita
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
National Security ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Foreign Technology ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
Software Companies ◽  
Cyber Threat ◽  
The U.S

This paper aims to explain the securitization process of China’s technology companies by the U.S Government. Whilethe U.S has been aware of the cyber threat since 1998, before Trump's presidency, the U.S. Government had nevertaken drastic measures against foreign technology companies based on national security pretext. This paper revealedthat the U.S. Executive has succeeded in securitizing the Chinese hardware and software companies, proved by theincreasing number of U.S. Citizens, see China as a major threat to the U.S.

The United States of America

2020 ◽  
pp. 196-210
Author(s):  
Matthew Kroenig
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
International Security ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Leadership ◽  
Great Power ◽  
Security Environment ◽  
To Come ◽  
The U.S

This chapter examines the future of American global leadership through the lens of its domestic political institutions. It finds that the United States faces growing troubles at home. At the same time, its vibrant economy, strong alliances relationships, and its unmatched military, all reflections of the U.S. domestic political system, will continue to provide a significant source of strategic advantage for the United States over its autocratic competitors in the years to come. The international security environment is becoming more competitive, and the United States does not exercise the unchallenged primacy it enjoyed in the 1990s. We have returned to an era of great power rivalry. But, there is no doubt that the United States remains the world’s leading power.

Resolution 1106 (2168/18) (OAS), Precautionary Measure No. 731–18, & Precautionary Measure No. 505-18 (IACHR)

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-398
Author(s):  
Berta Esperanza Hernández-Truyol
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Migrant Children ◽  
Precautionary Measure ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
White House ◽  
Executive Agencies ◽  
The U.S

In the spring of 2018, the White House and executive agencies issued a series of orders aimed at more aggressive enforcement against irregular entry of migrants at the southwest border. In analyzing the legal validity of the new U.S. immigration policy decisions, the Inter-American System questioned and strongly condemned the U.S. policy and practice of separating migrant families. On June 29, 2018, the Permanent Council of the Organization of American States (OAS) issued a resolution that rejected any migration policy that resulted in the separation of families. Specifically, it urged the U.S. government to implement measures to avoid the separation of families, to seek unification of children and parents already separated, and to promote the identification of migrants and refugee seekers in accordance with international law. After the issuance of the resolution, the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) granted Precautionary Measure No. 731–18, Regarding Migrant Children Affected by the “Zero Tolerance” Policy Regarding the United States of America (the children's measure), and Precautionary Measure No. 505–18, Concerning Vilma Aracely López Juc de Coc and Others Regarding the United States of America (the parents’ measure), both of which recognized that the rights to family life and personal integrity were at risk.

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