scholarly journals Social Construction of The Elite in The Quran (Analysis of Term Al-Mala’)

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-127
Author(s):  
Muhammad Yusuf ◽  
Mardan Mardan ◽  
Nahdhiyah Nahdhiyah ◽  
Kamaluddin Nurdin Marjumi
Keyword(s):  
Social Construction ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Anthropological Perspective ◽  
Interpretation Method

From a sociohistorical-anthropological perspective, the existence of an elite class with a class of people is known in the Qur’an. This research elaborates the verses of the Qur’an about elite society in social order. The existence of an elite society and its role in human civilization is the main concern in this study. Through the thematic interpretation method, typology and the role of elite society are explained. The terms prophet, apostle, malik, and al-mala’ refer to the elite.  Prophets and messengers are elite groups based on revelation, malik based on political power relations. The term al-mala’ is part of an elite society divided into three groups, namely al-mala’, which opposes the apostles, al-mala’, which does not oppose the da’wah of the apostles, and al-mala’ which has a hypocritical character. Da’wah and education carry the regeneration mission for the birth of new elites who are partners in the benefit. As for the opponents of da’wah and the elite who are hypocritical in character, they must be anticipated so as not to cause chaos, crisis, and crime.

Hobbes's Artifice as Social Construction

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raia Prokhovnik
Keyword(s):  
Social Construction ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Social World ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
Individual Identity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Constructionist Approach

AbstractThe paper argues that Leviathan can be interpreted as employing a constructionist approach in several important respects. It takes issue with commentators who think that, if for Hobbes man is not naturally social, then man must be naturally unsocial or naturally purely individual. First, Hobbes's key conceptions of the role of artifice and nature-artifice relations are identified, and uncontroversially constructionist elements outlined, most notably Hobbes's conceptualisation of the covenant. The significance of crucial distinctions in Leviathan, between the civil and the social, between science and philosophy, between mankind's nature and the human condition, is developed. A constructionist reading of the argument of Leviathan is then advanced. The interpretation focuses on the contribution of nature-artifice relations, and of Hobbes's notion of civil philosophy, in understanding the critical issues of the state of nature and individual subjectivity. This reconstruction of the meaning of the text highlights the necessarily social character of human life in Leviathan, expressed in the way that the social' gives meaning to the 'natural', as well as because for Hobbes we live in a mind-affected world of perception and ideas. Leviathan can be interpreted as, in particular, a political social construction, because both social and individual identity logically require the social order and arrangements that only a strong government can supply. The social world, in Leviathan, cannot exist prior to the generation of a political framework, in civil society, the commonwealth, and law.

scholarly journals Efektifitas Media Komunikasi di Tengah Pandemi: Respon Gugus Tugas Percepatan Penanganan Covid-19 Kabupaten Tulungagung

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-178
Author(s):  
Latif Syaipudin
Keyword(s):  
Social Construction ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Mass Communication ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Communication Media ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
The Face ◽  
New Social Order ◽  
Selection Of

This study aims to find the significance of messages conveyed through communication media in a pandemic situation. The demands of a pandemic era have crisis dimensions on various fronts, making the choice of communication media more careful. This problem will then have an impact on the misinformation received by the community. Therefore, the selection of mass communication as a strategic media in response to various existing problems can be an alternative as a means of early education that directly targets the wider community effectively and efficiently. The main discussion in this research is related to the important role of mass communication in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic. This research uses qualitative methods with the type of field study research. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews, and documentation. To sharpen the data analysis, this study uses the Peter L. Berger and Thomas Luckmann social construction approach. This study found that mass communication has a central role in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic. This role forms a new behavior that emerges from a new social order and reconstruction in the face of a social order that is more adaptive to the pandemic situation. To create this situation, it requires close communication between stakeholders and the community in responding to this problem.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan signifikansi pesan yang disampaikan melalui media komunikasi dalam keadaan pandemi. Tuntutan masa pandemi yang berdimensi krisis dalam berbagai lini, menjadikan pemilihan media komunikasi harus lebih hati-hati. Persoalan ini kemudian akan berdampak pada kesalahan informasi yang diterima oleh masyarakat. Oleh sebab itu, pemilihan komunikasi massa sebagai media yang strategis dalam menanggapi berbagai persoalan yang ada dapat menjadi alternatif sebagai sarana edukasi dini yang langsung menyasar terhadap masyarakat luas dengan efektif dan efisien. Bahasan utama dalam penelitian ini berkaitan dengan peran penting komunikasi massa di tengah pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian studi lapangan. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Untuk mempertajam analisa data, penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan konstruksi sosial Peter L. Berger dan Thomas Luckmann. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa komunikasi massa memiliki peranan sentral dalam menanggapi pandemi COVID-19. Peran ini membentuk perilaku baru yang muncul dari tatanan dan rekonstruksi sosial baru dalam menghadapi tatanan sosial yang lebih adaptif dengan keadaan pandemi. untuk menciptakan keadaan ini, diperlukan komunikasi yang erat antara stakeholder dengan masyarakat dalam menanggapi permasalahan ini.

Battles on the Block: Everyday Conflict in a Diverse Neighbourhood

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-30
Author(s):  
Evelyn M. Perry
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Transformative Potential ◽  
Block Level ◽  
Embedded Power

While mounting evidence demonstrates that tensions and differences in diverse neighbourhoods are managed in ways that largely reproduce existing inequalities, processes of conflict can unsettle spatially embedded power relations. Drawing on a three-year ethnographic study of Riverwest, a racially and economically mixed neighbourhood in the mid-sized U.S. city of Milwaukee, I examine the role of everyday battles over the uses of space in the production of a dynamic, negotiated social order. While block-level clashes sometimes reinforce oppressive and marginalizing practices, they also create opportunities for dissent, resistance to assimilation pressures, and challenges to the legitimacy of dominant norms. I argue that a set of material and cultural neighbourhood conditions facilitate the transformative potential of conflict.

Groped and Gutted

Screen Bodies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-55
Author(s):  
Samantha Eddy
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Mixed Methods Approach ◽  
Film Genre ◽  
Slasher Film ◽  
Sexually Violent ◽  
Creative Space ◽  
Feminist Identification

The realm of horror provides a creative space in which the breakdown of social order can either expose power relations or further cement them by having them persist after the collapse. Carol Clover proposed that the 1970s slasher film genre—known for its sex and gore fanfare—provided feminist identification through its “final girl” indie invention. Over three decades later, with the genre now commercialized, this research exposes the reality of sexual and horrific imagery within the Hollywood mainstay. Using a mixed-methods approach, I develop four categories of depiction across cisgender representation in these films: violent, sexual, sexually violent, and postmortem. I explore the ways in which a white, heterosexist imagination has appropriated this once productive genre through the violent treatment of bodies. This exposes the means by which hegemonic, oppressive structures assimilate and sanitize counter-media. This article provides an important discussion on how counterculture is transformed in capital systems and then used to uphold the very structures it seeks to confront. The result of such assimilation is the violent treatment and stereotyping of marginalized identities in which creative efforts now pursue new means of brutalization and dehumanization.

Hassan al-Turabi’s Religious Discourse on Faith, Renewal, and Ijtihād

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-94
Author(s):  
Gubara Said Hassan ◽  
Jabal M. Buaben
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Legal Reasoning ◽  
Religious Discourse ◽  
Religious Movement ◽  
Political Leader ◽  
Political Struggle ◽  
Religious Ideology ◽  
Religious Symbolism

The role of Islamic intellectuals is not confined to elaborating on the religious ideology of Islam. Equally important is their role in setting this religious ideology against other ideologies, sharpening and clarifying their differences, and thereby developing and intensifying one’s commitment to Islam as a distinct, divinely based ideology. Islam, as both a religion and an ideology, simultaneously mobilizes and transforms, legitimizes and preserves. It can be an instrument of power, a source and a guarantee of its legitimacy, as well as a tool to be used in the political struggle among social classes. Islam can also present a challenge to authority whenever the religious movement questions the existing social order during times of crisis and raises a rival power, as the current situation in Sudan vividly demonstrates. Throughout his political career, Hassan al-Turabi has resorted to religious symbolism in his public discourse and/or Islamic rhetoric, which could often be inflammatory and heavily reliant upon the Qur’an. This is, in fact, the embodiment of the Islamic quest for an ideal alternative. Our paper focuses on this charismatic and pragmatic religio-political leader of Sudan and the key concepts of his religious discourse: faith (īmān), renewal (tajdīd), and ijtihād(rational, independent, and legal reasoning).

Scriptural Battlefields: The Old Testament, Legal Culture, and the Polemics of the Spanish New World Empire, 1492–1821

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Cañizares-Esguerra ◽  
Adrian Masters
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Social Order ◽  
New World ◽  
Legal Culture ◽  
Spanish Empire ◽  
Correct Interpretation ◽  
Group Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Social Order

Scholars have barely begun to explore the role of the Old Testament in the history of the Spanish New World. And yet this text was central for the Empire’s legal thought, playing a role in its legislation, adjudication, and understandings of group status. Institutions like the Council of the Indies, the Inquisition, and the monarchy itself invited countless parallels to ancient Hebrew justice. Scripture influenced how subjects understood and valued imperial space as well as theories about Paradise or King Solomon’s mines of Ophir. Scripture shaped debates about the nature of the New World past, the legitimacy of the conquest, and the questions of mining, taxation, and other major issues. In the world of privilege and status, conquerors and pessimists could depict the New World and its peoples as the antithesis of Israel and the Israelites, while activists, patriots, and women flipped the script with aplomb. In the readings of Indians, American-born Spaniards, nuns, and others, the correct interpretation of the Old Testament justified a new social order where these groups’ supposed demerits were in reality their virtues. Indeed, vassals and royal officials’ interpretations of the Old Testament are as diverse as the Spanish Empire itself. Scripture even outlasted the Empire. As republicans defeated royalists in the nineteenth century, divergent readings of the book, variously supporting the Israelite monarchy or the Hebrew republic, had their day on the battlefield itself.

The Doctrinal Basis of The Rights of Company Shareholders

1998 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 554-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross Grantham
Keyword(s):  
Political Power ◽  
The State ◽  
Company Law ◽  
Corporate Form ◽  
Moral Force ◽  
The Law ◽  
Normative Implications

THE concept of ownership is a complex, powerful and controversial idea. In law it explains, justifies and gives moral force to a host of rights and duties as well as serving to legitimate the allocation of wealth and privilege. The influence of this idea is, furthermore, everywhere embodied in the law. In company law, legal and economic conceptions have both rested on and have been shaped by the normative implications of ownership. Historically, ownership was the principal explanation and justification for the central role of shareholders in corporate affairs. As owners, shareholders were entitled to control the management of the company and to the exclusive benefit of the company's activities. Ownership also served to legitimate the corporate form itself. So long as it was owned by individuals the economic and political power of the company was both benign and a bulwark against the intrusion of the state.

Empowerment in an ecovillage: Unveiling the role of power relations in social practices

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Luiz Guilherme Mafle Ferreira Duarte ◽  
Marlyne Sahakian ◽  
João Leite Ferreira Neto
Keyword(s):  
Power Relations ◽  
Social Practices

Social Rules in Libertarian Thought

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chad Van Schoelandt
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Individual Liberty ◽  
Social Rules ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Limited Government

AbstractLibertarianism upholds individual liberty as of primary political importance. The concern for liberty leads to support for highly limited government, and sometimes even anarchism. Sometimes people come under the mistaken impression that libertarians have such a myopic concern for individual liberty that they must oppose social rules and social order. While that is too extreme, libertarianism does seem to have significant tensions with social rules, and the role of social rules within libertarianism is complex and contentious. This work aims to bring out some of this complexity and to clarify the important place of social rules in libertarian thought.

scholarly journals Problematizing leadership learning facilitation through a trickster archetype: An investigation into power and identity in liminal spaces

Leadership ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 174271502199822
Author(s):  
Gareth Edwards ◽  
Beverley Hawkins ◽  
Neil Sutherland
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Development ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Liminal Spaces ◽  
Learning Facilitation ◽  
Reflective Conversations ◽  
Permanent Resident ◽  
Shadow Side ◽  
Learning Development

This study uses the archetype of a ‘trickster’ to reflect back on, and hence problematize, the role of the educator/facilitator identity in leadership learning. This is based on the view that a trickster is a permanent resident in liminal spaces and that these liminal spaces play an important role in leadership learning. Our approach was based on the reading of the trickster literature alongside reflective conversations on our own experiences of facilitation of leadership learning, development and education. We suggest that paying attention to the trickster tale draws attention to the romanticization of leadership development and its facilitation as based on a response to crisis that leads to a further enhancement of the leader as a hero. Hence, it also offers ways to problematize leadership learning by uncovering the shadow side of facilitation and underlying power relations. We therefore contribute by showing how, as facilitators, we can use the trickster archetype to think more critically, reflectively and reflexively about our role and practices as educators, in particular, the ethical and power-related issues. In our conclusions, we make recommendations for research, theory and practice and invite other facilitators to share with us their trickster tales.

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