scholarly journals Leadership and identities in the churches in the early second century: an interpretation of Acts 16

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-67
Author(s):  
Mariano Splendido ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Group Identity ◽  
Community Leadership ◽  
Second Century ◽  
First Case ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this work is to analyze Acts 16 as a story organized by the author based on the tensions of the ἐκκλησίαι of the beginning of the IInd century. We will identify in the narrative how are represented the concerns about community leadership and the forging of a group identity. In the first case, Paul’s interaction with the Philippians οἶκοι leads to a reflection on the relationship between ministers and faithful. In the second, the different designations that Paul receives in the chapter would demonstrate not only the complex identity of the believers, but the community proposal of the author.

The Murals of Cacaxtla

2019 ◽  
pp. 205-240
Author(s):  
Andrew D. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Group Identity ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Central Mexico ◽  
Maya Lowlands ◽  
Additional Line ◽  
Art Programs ◽  
Population Movements ◽  
Stylistic Elements ◽  
Sudden Appearance ◽  
The Relationship

The sudden appearance of Maya-style characteristics in the art of Epiclassic sites in Central Mexico has sparked debate regarding the relationship between the polity of Cacaxtla and the distant Maya Lowlands. Early studies linked these developments, described in ethnohistoric sources, to migrations of the Olmeca-Xicalanca of the southern Gulf Coast. Recent studies assert that Cacaxtla’s artists adopted an “eclectic” assortment of foreign stylistic elements in order to proclaim ties to distant sources of wealth and power that were not necessarily rooted in historic reality. This study argues that Cacaxtla’s artists deployed stylistic, technical, and iconographic conventions in a manner that reflects deep and sustained engagement with specific Maya cities rather than superficial claims of aggrandizement. Evaluation through current anthropological understandings of how and why people migrate and how group identity is expressed in the midst of population movements suggests that Cacaxtla’s monumental art programs constitute an additional line of evidence in support of Epiclassic migration from the southern Gulf Coast, or western Maya Lowlands, to Central Mexico.

Function

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen Swift
Keyword(s):  
Second Century ◽  
First Century ◽  
Proper Function ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Use Wear ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Actual Use ◽  
Design Function ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between design, function, and behaviour is explored in this chapter by assessing design features and their affordances against firstly, evidence of use drawn from wear studies of the artefacts that indicate the way they have been used; secondly, both experimental recreations, and the end-products the tools were used to create; and thirdly, archaeological context. In this way, we can examine both the potential of an approach focusing on design features, and also any limitations. I hope to show that affordances are an important source of evidence and provide insights that cannot be gained fromother sources, but that it is important not to take potential affordances at face value, and to interrogate their relationship to likely uses by comparison with other types of evidence. The first method through which possible affordances can be evaluated is through comparison with use-wear. In this way, it is possible to see how ‘proper function’ uses, suggested by practical affordances, compare to evidence of actual use as represented by use-wear. In a previous study, I investigated use-wear in relation to the functional features of Roman spoons (principally cochlear spoons with pointed handles), which I will briefly summarize here. Two principal affordances were evaluated: firstly, the shape of the spoon bowl, and secondly, the capacity of the bowl to hold varying amounts of liquid. I also investigated some other features such as the handle shape. The data, studied through personal inspection of museum objects, were drawn mainly from south-east Britain with some comparative material from the Roman site at Augst in Switzerland which has a very large collection of Roman spoons. Roman cochlear spoons occur in a wide range of well-dated forms, with different bowl shapes broadly succeeding one another chronologically (with some inevitable overlap). Round-bowled spoons are the earliest, found in the first and second centuries AD. Forms with a pear-shaped bowl are found from towards the end of the first century AD to the end of the second century, and forms with a fig-shaped bowl from the mid-second into the third century AD.

scholarly journals Transmembrane mobility of phospholipids in sickle erythrocytes: effect of deoxygenation on diffusion and asymmetry

Blood ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 849-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Blumenfeld ◽  
A Zachowski ◽  
F Galacteros ◽  
Y Beuzard ◽  
PF Devaux
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Aminophospholipid Translocase ◽  
Outer Leaflet ◽  
First Case ◽  
Sickle Erythrocytes ◽  
Dependent Transport ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Kinetics Of

Abstract We studied the effect of sickling on the transmembrane reorientation and distribution of phospholipids in the red blood cells of patients homozygous for sickle cell anemia (SS). To this purpose, we followed the redistribution kinetics of trace amounts of spin-labeled analogues of natural phospholipids first introduced in the membrane outer leaflet of normal or sickle erythrocytes exposed to air or nitrogen. Deoxygenation had no effect on the lipid redistribution kinetics in normal (AA) cell membranes. At atmospheric pO2, unfractionated SS cells were not different from normal cells. However, on deoxygenation inducing sickling, phosphatidylcholine passive diffusion was accelerated and the rate of the adenosine triphosphate-dependent transport of aminophospholipids was reduced, especially for phosphatidylserine. The stationary distribution of the aminophospholipids between the two leaflets was slightly less asymmetric, a phenomenon more pronounced with phosphatidylethanolamine. These changes were rapidly reversible on reoxygenation. When SS cells were separated by density, both dense and light cells exhibited the properties cited above. However, dense cells exposed to air possessed a lower aminophospholipid transport rate. These data favor the relationship between aminophospholipid translocase activity and phospholipid transmembrane asymmetry. Sickle cell disease is the first case of aminophospholipid translocase pathology.

Factors Contributing to Intra-Individual Variation of Serum Constituents: 5. Short-Term Day-to-Day and Within-Hour Variation of Serum Constituents in Healthy Subjects

1974 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 1520-1527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per Winkel ◽  
Bernard E Statland ◽  
Henning Bokelund
Keyword(s):  
Total Lipids ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Interaction Terms ◽  
Anova Model ◽  
First Case ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Analytical Variation

Abstract We evaluated the variations in some serum constituents in a group of healthy young men for two selected time intervals: short-term day-to-day changes and within-hour changes. In the first case, we used a two-way ANOVA model to compute the main-day effect and the subject-day interaction terms, which were combined to yield the total day-to-day variation. A main-day effect was seen to be statistically significant only for acid phosphatase, while all of the 18 serum constituents except for sodium, calcium, and albumin demonstrated a statistically significant subject-day interaction. For the within-hour biologic variation, a three-way ANOVA model was used to analyze results of duplicate serum samples drawn at 1100 h and 1130 h on two different days. Although a significant main effect of hour was found only for total lipids and alkaline phosphatase, pooling the main effect of hour, subject-hour interaction, and subject-day-hour interaction terms resulted in a chemically significant variation for potassium, total protein, albumin, iron, total lipids, cholesterol, and bilirubin. The relationship of these biological fluctuations is compared to the expected analytical variation in all cases.

Cutting resistance of flexible armour using multiple layers of triaxial kevlar fabric

2020 ◽  
pp. 152808372096827
Author(s):  
Magdi El Messiry ◽  
Shaimaa Youssef El-Tarfawy
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Force ◽  
Areal Density ◽  
Resistance Force ◽  
Knitted Fabric ◽  
Cutting Resistance ◽  
First Case ◽  
Weft Knitted Fabric ◽  
Cut Resistance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Resistance Value

The textiles capable of cutting resistance found applications in the industrial and military areas to construct flexible lightweight soft body armors. In the present work, a theoretical model to understand the mechanism of fabric cut resistance in a different direction for weft-knitted, triaxial, and multiple layers structures. An experimental study of cutting resistance force was done on weft-knitted fabric with Kevlar 29 triaxial fabrics in multiple layers structure to support derived mathematical model for the effect of multiple layers structure on their cutting force. The study examines specific cut resistance of the structure from four layers of Kevlar triaxial fabrics covered with knitted fabric on both sides. The angle of cutting force varied from 0°, 60°, and 90° with respect to the yarn inclination. Results show that the cutting force of the multilayer structure is linearly proportional to the number of Kevlar triaxial fabrics layers. The specific cut resistance value of the structure from four layers of Kevlar triaxial fabrics, covered with knitted fabric on both sides, reached 544, 435, and 326 (N/g/cm2) for cutting directions: angled 60°, vertical, and horizontal, respectively. In this work, the comparison between the triaxial fabric of high areal density and multiple layers of triaxial fabric with resultant same areal density indicates that a better specific cutting force was achieved in the first case. Furthermore, it investigated the relationship between triaxial surface density, the direction of cutting, and the number of triaxial fabric layers and discussed the optimum specific properties of the different structures.

scholarly journals Preoperative diagnosis of a “humanoid” fetus in fetu using multimode ultrasound: a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hualin Yan ◽  
Juxian Liu ◽  
Yan Luo ◽  
Yang Wu ◽  
Lanxin Du
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Blood Supply ◽  
Preoperative Diagnosis ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Neuron Specific Enolase ◽  
Color Doppler Flow Imaging ◽  
Fetus In Fetu ◽  
Abdominal Tumors ◽  
First Case ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Fetus in fetu (FIF) is a rare congenital anomaly. The preoperative diagnosis of FIF and differentiating it from teratoma and other abdominal tumors can be challenging for radiologists. Clarification of the blood supply and the relationship with the surrounding vessels is especially helpful for successful surgery; however, multimode ultrasound (US) performed for FIF has rarely been explored. Here, we first report a “humanoid” FIF case diagnosed by multimode US examinations, with the use of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) for clarifying the blood supply features. Case presentation A 25-day-old preterm male infant was referred to our hospital for surgery. The US and computed tomography (CT) examinations led to a diagnosis of teratoma at the local hospital. The laboratory workup at our hospital revealed an elevation of total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, indirect bilirubin, alpha-fetoprotein, and neuron-specific enolase levels. A precise diagnosis and differentiation from teratoma, hepatoblastoma, neuroblastoma and other abdominal tumors were needed. In addition, the blood supply and the relationship with the surrounding vessels needed clarification prior to surgery. Multimode US examinations were performed and the features of a “humanoid” FIF as well as the blood supply for the abdominal lesion of the infant were suggested by grayscale US, color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI), and CEUS. Furthermore, CDFI and CEUS revealed an aorta-like structure and umbilical cord-like blood vessels in the “humanoid” FIF, and the CEUS helped with marking the surface of the infant’s abdominal wall. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of CEUS in FIF, and the blood supply was clearly demonstrated in the FIF. The intraoperative findings confirmed our multimode US findings and revealed a “humanoid” FIF. The infant quickly recovered after the operation and had no positive findings at the 2-year follow-up visit. Conclusions Multimode US was helpful in diagnosing the rare FIF without radiation exposure. Specifically, CEUS clearly demonstrated the limb branch vessel-like structures, the abdominal aorta-like structure and the blood supply, which was useful for the FIF diagnosis and for avoiding damage to important vessels during the operation.

Analysis of Mass Transfer Process in the Pore Free Technique

1995 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genick Bar-Meir
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Dimensionless Parameter ◽  
Die Casting ◽  
Air Entrainment ◽  
Mass Transfer Process ◽  
Critical Value ◽  
First Case ◽  
Pressure Die Casting ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Transfer Mechanisms

Air entrainment is one of the most significant problems in pressure die casting. A possible solution is to use the Pore Free technique. In this technique an oxygen is introduced into the die to react with the liquid metal. The vacuum created by the reaction reduces the porosity. The life span of the mold is augmented by the reduction of the pressure during the process. In some cases the Pore Free technique yields acceptable results, i.e., low porosity, while in other cases the results are not satisfactory. These differing results can be explained by an analysis of the mechanisms involved. A simple model is proposed based on conservation laws that describes the relationship between mass transfer mechanisms and pressure deviation. The model indicates that there is a critical dimensionless parameter above which the pressure is decreased and below which the pressure is increased. In the first case, when the parameter exceeds the critical value, the technique is useful. In the second case, when the parameter is less than the critical value, introducing oxygen does not greatly reduce the porosity. The analysis demonstrates that the Pore Free and vacuum venting techniques account for two different extremes. The first case is when the flow is orderly throughout the chamber in which vacuum venting can produce acceptable results. The second case is when the flow is turbulent and the Pore Free technique is the better choice.

Divine Discourse

2019 ◽  
pp. 70-89
Author(s):  
Frances Young
Keyword(s):  
Second Century ◽  
Word Of God ◽  
Rule Of Faith ◽  
Jewish Scriptures ◽  
In Christ ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter focuses on the relationship of the Word of God inscribed in Scripture and Word of God incarnate in Christ, both being expressions of God’s revelation and constitutive of the divine oikonomia, and both involving God’s self-accommodation to creaturely limitations. The development of the Christological meaning of Scripture as a whole is traced from second-century debates about the continuing validity of the Jewish Scriptures to the holistic reading of Scripture in the light of the Rule of Faith, and from allegorical reading to the search for Scripture’s dianoia. Thus it becomes clear that God’s entire purpose and strategy is revealed in Scripture’s testimony to Christ.

Opening the Black Box: The Influence of Perceived Diversity and a Common In-Group Identity in Diverse Groups

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
George B. Cunningham
Keyword(s):  
Group Identity ◽  
Turnover Intentions ◽  
Track And Field ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Group Outcomes ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Group Diversity ◽  
Diverse Groups ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Intervening Variables

Previous research on diversity has been criticized for failing to include intervening and process variables. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the influence of two intervening variables, perceived group diversity and a common in-group identity, on the relationship between group diversity and group outcomes. Data were collected from 45 track-and-field coaching staffs (N= 175 participants). Hierarchical-regression analysis revealed that actual diversity was positively related to perceptions of such differences, and, in turn, perceptions of diversity were related to a common in-group identity. Finally, a common in-group identity was negatively related to organizational turnover intentions of the group and positively related to two measures of group effectiveness. Theoretical contributions and implications for diverse groups are discussed.

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