scholarly journals Effects of water injection to the fuel and air mixture on equilibrium gas composition in combustion products and selected parameters of the theoretical Otto cycle

2019 ◽  
Vol 177 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-102
Author(s):  
Andrzej SUCHETA
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Otto Cycle ◽  
Heat Of Evaporation ◽  
Cycle Temperature ◽  
Composition Of Combustion Products ◽  
Pressure Output

Moisturizing the intake air by spraying water in the liquid phase significantly lowers the intake air temperature, mainly due to the high value of latent heat of evaporation. The paper presents a methodology for calculating the parameters of the air-fuel mixture after water injection and during subsequent processes of the Otto cycle: compression, combustion and expansion of exhaust gases. For octane as a fuel, exemplary calculations have been carried out to investigate the effect of water injection on the composition of combustion products and selected parameters of the theoretical Otto cycle (temperature, pressure, output power and thermal efficiency).

STUDYING THE PROCESS OF HEATING OF A PIPE BILLET DURING GAS FORMING

2021 ◽  
pp. 156-161
Author(s):  
А.Ю. Боташев ◽  
Р.А. Байрамуков ◽  
Н.У. Бисилов ◽  
Р.С. Малсугенов
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Balance ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
New Device ◽  
Combustible Gas ◽  
Ferrous Metals ◽  
Non Ferrous Metals ◽  
Propane Butane

Разработана и представлена схема нового устройства, осуществляющего штамповку деталей с нагревом трубной заготовки воздействием продуктов сгорания газообразной топливной смеси. В качестве топливной смеси может использоваться горючий газ - смесь воздуха с метаном или с пропан-бутаном. Представлены результаты исследования процесса нагрева трубной заготовки воздействием продуктов сгорания. Исследование проведено на базе уравнений конвективного теплообмена, теплового баланса и термодинамики. Получена зависимость для определения температуры нагрева трубной заготовки. Установлено, что температура заготовки зависит от материала и геометрических размеров заготовки, а также давления топливной смеси. Данное устройство обеспечивает нагрев до интервала горячей обработки стальных трубных заготовок диаметром более 150 мм при толщине стенки до 1,2…1,5 мм, а при диаметре более 300 мм - толщиной до 2,0…2,5 мм. Для нагрева трубных заготовок из цветных металлов и сплавов (например, алюминия и меди) требуется меньшее давление топливной смеси, чем для стали, благодаря этому обеспечивается нагрев заготовок значительно большей толщины, в частности, заготовок из алюминия толщиной до 6 мм We developed a diagram of a new device for stamping parts by heating a pipe billet by the action of combustion products of a gaseous fuel mixture. A combustible gas can be used as a fuel mixture - a mixture of air with methane or with propane-butane. We present the results of a study of the process of heating a pipe billet by the action of combustion products. We carried out the study on the basis of the equations of convective heat transfer, heat balance and thermodynamics. We obtained the dependence for determining the heating temperature of the pipe billet. We found that the temperature of the workpiece depends on the material and geometric dimensions of the workpiece, as well as the pressure of the fuel mixture. This device provides heating to the hot working interval of steel pipe billets with a diameter of more than 150 mm with a wall thickness of up to 1.2 ... 1.5 mm, and with a diameter of more than 300 mm - with a thickness of up to 2.0 ... 2.5 mm. To heat tubular billets made of non-ferrous metals and alloys (for example, aluminum and copper), a lower pressure of the fuel mixture is required than for steel, due to this, billets of a much greater thickness are heated, in particular, billets made of aluminum with a thickness of up to 6 mm

scholarly journals Rancang Bangun dan Pengujian Penghalang Heliks sebagai Pencampur Udara-Biogas pada Motor Otto

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
Herbert Hasudungan Siahaan ◽  
Armansyah H Tambunan ◽  
Desrial ◽  
Soni Solistia Wirawan
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Combustion Reaction ◽  
Otto Cycle ◽  
Direct Use ◽  
Engine Power

A helical barrier as air-biogas mixing device was designed and tested for direct use of biogas from digester in otto cycle generator set. Homogeneity of the air-fuel mixture can give better combustion reaction and increase engine power. The design was based on simulation, which shows that a 0.039 m length of helical barrier gave a 5% increase in power compared to non-helical barrier. Likewise, the simulations also showed that the helical barrier reduced specific fuel consumption (SFC) by 8%. Accordingly, the mixer with helical barrier was designed, and fabricated. Its performance test confirms the improvement resulted by using helical barriers as air-biogas mixer in the engine. The experiment showed that the power increased by 5% when using helical barrier, while SFC decreased by 4.5%. It is concluded that the helical barrier can increase the homogeneity of the mixture resulting in better engine performance. Besides, emissions produced from the engine using a helical barrier also decreased.

On a composition of combustion products at a burning of methane-fluorinated hydrocarbon mixtures in air

2020 ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
Алексей Юрьевич Шебеко ◽  
Юрий Николаевич Шебеко
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Products ◽  
Hydrocarbon Mixtures ◽  
Gaseous Mixtures ◽  
Fire Extinguishing ◽  
Simplified Method ◽  
Room Volume ◽  
Composition Of Combustion Products ◽  
Fluorinated Hydrocarbons

Выполнена расчетная оценка равновесного состава продуктов горения околостехиометрических смесей вида метан - фторированный углеводород - воздух с использованием как программного комплекса Chemical Workbench, так и предложенной в настоящей работе упрощенной методики. Найдено, что основными продуктами горения являются CO, HO, CO, HF. При этом концентрации прочих продуктов горения имеют существенно более низкие значения. С помощью программного комплекса FDS выполнен расчет динамики концентраций опасных продуктов (СО, HF) в атмосфере модельного помещения объемом 12,6 м. Найдено, что для указанного помещения предельно допустимая концентрация CO достигается через 730 с после начала горения, а HF - практически мгновенно. Результаты работы могут быть полезны при применении фторированных углеводородов для пожаротушения и флегматизации горючих газовых смесей. Calculations of equilibrium compositions of combustion products at burning of near stoichiometric mixtures of methane-fluorinated hydrocarbon-air are presented. The program tool Chemical Workbench was used. Also a Simplified method was proposed. It was found that CO, HO, CO and HF are the main combustion products, and the concentration of other products are much more lower. The results of the calculations of the concentrations of the above mentioned products (CO, HO, CO and HF) by means of the simplified method are close to that obtained by the tool Chemical Workbench ones. The concentrations of CO and HF (the main hazardous products) as a function of time were determined for a typical room volume of 12, 6 m using the program tool FDS 6. It was found that a limiting allowable concentration of CO was reached after 730 s from the burning beginning, but at the case of HF this concentration was reached almost instantaneously. The results of this study can be used at an application of the fluorinated hydrocarbons for fire extinguishing and inertization of flammable gaseous mixtures.

Gas Liquid Separation Using a GLCC in a Sodium Bicarbonate Solution Mining Operation

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robbie M. Lansangan ◽  
Mike Huffman
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Sodium Bicarbonate Solution ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Control Valve ◽  
Mining Operation ◽  
Liquid Density ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Solution Mining

Abstract Nahcolite is a naturally occurring sodium bicarbonate mineral found in subsurface formations. American Soda LLP conducted field tests to prove that nahcolite can be deep mined using low-cost conventional solution mining method. The process involved the injection of hot, high pressure water down wells into a nahcolite deposit about 2,600 feet below the surface where the mineral is dissolved and brought to the surface for recovery. The monitoring and optimization of recovery efficiency based on scores of upstream process parameters, such as water injection rate, required the monitoring of produced liquid density. This was done initially with a mass meter located immediately downstream of the well head. Co-production of small amounts of gas, mainly methane and carbon dioxide, entrained in the liquid phase prevented the accurate measurement of the solution density using a Coriolis meter technology. Premier Instruments provided a remedy with a gas liquid cylindrical cyclone (GLCC© 1) separator properly sized and engineered for the process requirements. A gas control valve with liquid level feedback was used to eliminate the entrained gas in the liquid phase. This strategy proved to be functional which allowed American Soda to proceed with the field development. Today, 26 production wells employ the GLCC separator at each production well.

Fuels for Advanced Power Generation Systems

1965 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Way ◽  
W. E. Young ◽  
I. S. Tuba ◽  
R. L. Chambers
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Bituminous Coal ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Residual Oil ◽  
Mhd Generator ◽  
Product Gas ◽  
Conductivity Electron ◽  
Power Generation Systems ◽  
Steam Plant

This paper discusses the relative merits of various fuels for magnetohydrodynamic power systems in which the MHD generator operates on combustion products and is coupled with a steam plant or gas turbine. The method of calculating the equilibrium gas composition is first discussed, and results are then given for alkali seeded product gas compositions and properties for cases of bituminous coal, coke, natural gas, residual oil, and alcohol. Electrical conductivity, electron mobility, and attainable flame temperatures are evaluated. Fuels of low hydrogen content are shown to be advantageous, and it is shown to be desirable to introduce the alkali seed in a dry state.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Combustible Species for 4-stroke Otto Cycle Combustion Motor and 6-stroke MUB-2 Cycle Combustion Motor with Fuel Pertamax

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dedi Nurdiansyah ◽  
Sudjito Soeparman ◽  
Eko Siswanto
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Process ◽  
Data Retrieval ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Otto Cycle ◽  
Combustion Duration ◽  
Co2 Levels ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Crankshaft Rotation ◽  
Stroke Engine

This paper describes the ratio of levels of combustible species (CO, HC, CO2 and lambda) of a four-cycle otto motor with a six-stroke MUB-2 motor with additional combustion duration and two working steps. The increase in combustion duration aims to re-burn combustible species that have not been completely burned in the first combustion. This study used a 4 stroke motor with a capacity of 125 cc and then modified it into a 6 stroke motorbike with twice the duration of combustion. The observed local atmospheric conditions at a relative humidity of about 76% rH, and the ambient temperature and pressure were around 24 ° C and 101.32kPa, respectively. The implementation of data retrieval with crankshaft rotation at intervals of 600 rpm from 2400 rpm to 7200 rpm.Using an anlyser gas, the MUB-2 six-stroke engine showed 12.36% CO levels, 27.30% HC levels, 30.8 CO2 levels % and 1.7% lower lambda than conventional four-stroke engines. This means that in the 6 stroke MUB-2 motor, the combustion process of the air and fuel mixture is more perfect than the conventional 4 stroke motor.

Determination of zero components in the composition of a system

1986 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 1206-1212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oldřich Coufal
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium Composition ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Entire System ◽  
Chemically Reacting ◽  
Theoretical Considerations ◽  
Composition Of Combustion Products

A method is proposed for determing components whose concentration in a system of chemically reacting components is zero without necessity of computing the composition of the entire system. Theoretical considerations are applied to the case of the equilibrium composition of combustion products of hydrocarbons with air and an ionization additive, K2CO3.

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