On amendments to the calculation formulas for the required number of receiving and departure tracks in the technical station yards

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
V. V. Kostenko ◽  
◽  
D. E. Bogdanovich ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Analytical Calculation ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Preliminary Assessment ◽  
Freight Train ◽  
Calculation Technique ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Random Events ◽  
Adjustment Factors

Objective: To discuss the feasibility of modifying the analytical calculation technique for the required number of receiving and departure tracks in the technical station yards. To show the need to introduce new adjustment factors to assess the time spent by a transit freight train at the station, considering the influence of external factors – often random events – on the duration of the receiving and departure track occupation; to determine the possibility of adjustment factors application for a preliminary assessment of the required number of receiving and departure tracks; to substantiate the need for simulation of the station operation for a more accurate assessment of the required number of receiving and departure tracks depending on the time spent by a transit freight train at the station, considering the influence of external factors. Methods: Comparative analysis of the existing techniques for determining the required number of receiving and departure tracks, assessment of analytical dependencies, and substantiation of the need to introduce new adjustment factors based on the analysis of the technical stations’ reported performance indicators are applied. Results: The need to improve the existing analytical calculation technique for the required number of receiving and departure tracks has been indicated. The groups of factors influencing the time spent by a transit freight train at the station, including the required number of tracks, have been determined. New adjustment factors to assess the time spent by a transit freight train at the station have been proposed. The need for additional study of this issue has been revealed. Practical importance: The authors have shown that it is necessary to clarify the existing analytical calculation technique for the required number of receiving and departure tracks by introducing the adjustment factors, which will improve the accuracy of determining the required number of receiving and departure tracks at a technical station.

scholarly journals Modeling Diet-Induced NAFLD and NASH in Rats: A Comprehensive Review

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 378
Author(s):  
Lydie Carreres ◽  
Zuzana Macek Jílková ◽  
Guillaume Vial ◽  
Patrice N. Marche ◽  
Thomas Decaens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Preclinical Study ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Important Research ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Rat Models ◽  
Factors Influencing

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease, characterized by hepatic steatosis without any alcohol abuse. As the prevalence of NAFLD is rapidly increasing worldwide, important research activity is being dedicated to deciphering the underlying molecular mechanisms in order to define new therapeutic targets. To investigate these pathways and validate preclinical study, reliable, simple and reproducible tools are needed. For that purpose, animal models, more precisely, diet-induced NAFLD and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) models, were developed to mimic the human disease. In this review, we focus on rat models, especially in the current investigation of the establishment of the dietary model of NAFLD and NASH in this species, compiling the different dietary compositions and their impact on histological outcomes and metabolic injuries, as well as external factors influencing the course of liver pathogenesis.

Investigation of the nature of the process of delivering a batch of containers from the rear terminal to the port

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-392
Author(s):  
Gennadiy M. GROSHEV ◽  
◽  
Alexey G. KOTENKO ◽  
Nadezhda V. KLIMOVA ◽  
Natalia B. FEDOROVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Delivery Time ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Random Nature ◽  
Technological Model

Objective: Assessment of the need to study the process of delivering a batch of containers from the rear terminal to the port to ensure uninterrupted communication between the rear terminal and the seaport and delivery a batch of containers exactly on time. As a primary task, the problem of analyzing the factors affecting the nature of the delivery process is solved. Methods: The methods of the theory of probability and mathematical statistics were applied in terms of determining the factors that affect the nature of the delivery process. The method of constructing process models was used to create a technological model for the delivery of containers by a block train to the port. Results: A technological model of container delivery by block train is presented. Diagrams were built showing the share of the main deviations from the schedule of container trains by types of operations for traffic, traction, corporate transport services. The main factors influencing the duration of individual operations with container block trains en route and the increase in the delivery time for a batch of containers from rear terminals to the seaport as a whole are identified. The random nature of the duration of the delivery of containers by block trains following the schedule has been established. Practical importance: The need to improve the methodology for choosing a method for delivering containers from the rear terminal to the port using simulation based on the identified factors influencing individual elements of the technological model of container delivery by a block train, deviations from the delivery time of containers, scheduled running of block trains is shown.

scholarly journals Systemic Approach to Evaluating External Factors Influencing the Resource Potential of the Catering Industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (48) ◽  
pp. 143-148
Author(s):  
M. M. Kucher ◽  
◽  
H. P. Levchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
External Factors ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Catering Industry ◽  
Indirect Impact ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
The Impact

One of the defining sectoral features of the catering business as a component of a national economy is its increased sensitivity to changes occurring in the economic situation, environment and business practices. It is a priori impossible to take into account the absolute majority of factors influencing the process of resource potential formation, so it is necessary to determine the set of those factors that have a direct or indirect impact on the catering business in general and resource potential in particular, as well as on the formation of their comprehensive evaluation system. The article is aimed at evaluating the impact of these factors on the resource potential of enterprises in the catering industry. The macroenvironment is analyzed as a set of external factors of indirect impact by the following indices: GDP, investment, consumer price index, household income. The dualistic nature of the impact made by external factors of indirect impact is established, whereas these factors can be both opportunities and threats to the catering industry depending on certain criteria of the international economic situation. A comprehensive analysis of the meso environment from the standpoint of dividing impact factors in two groups: the market group (number of business entities in catering industry; gross output and volume of sales of goods; price indices for goods and services) and resource group (financial results of the catering industry and services; investment volume and structure in this area; employment and labor costs; information technologies usage). The presence and hidden sources by types of resources are established. Synthesis of the impact areas of external factors on the activity of catering business entities is made based on a symbiosis of the following methods: PEST-analysis, SWOT-analysis, PESTEL-analysis. A set of evaluation areas of factors influencing the formation of the resource potential of an enterprise is created, providing for the application of the distribution criterion depending on the area of evaluating external factors of indirect impact. The general economic indicator (GDP) is suggested to be used as a distribution criterion, whose range of values will indicate the transition of a particular index to the plane of "threat" or "opportunity".

scholarly journals Study of basic environmental performance indicators of a coal mining enterprise

2021 ◽  
Vol 315 ◽  
pp. 04005
Author(s):  
Vladimir Mikhailov ◽  
Tatyana Galanina ◽  
Svetlana Bugrova ◽  
Yana Mikhailova ◽  
Evdokiya Kulpina
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Environmental Law ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Mining Enterprise ◽  
Environmental Performance Indicators

Current processes of environmental law enforcement require the use of innovative approaches to the problem of environmental management. In this regard, an adequate choice of the environmental performance indicators of an enterprise and the technique for their analysis, aimed at developing efficient, environmentally friendly management decisions, is of great importance. The technique for calculating the environmental and eco-economic performance indicators of a coal mining enterprise, including using the weighted average hazard class of pollutants or production and consumption waste is discussed in the article. Various options for the application of this approach, which is of practical importance for reducing the labor intensity of management decision-making by industrial enterprises, are considered.

scholarly journals Introducing Emotioncy as an Invisible Force Controlling Causal Decisions: A Case of Attribution Theory

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Pishghadam ◽  
Hannaneh Abbasnejad
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Attribution Theory ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Judgment And Decision Making ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Causal Judgments

Abstract Given the prominence of studies aimed at determining the factors influencing causal judgments, this study attempts to introduce the newly-developed concept of emotioncy as one of the guiding factors pushing attribution judgments toward a certain spectrum. To this end, two scales of attribution and emotioncy were designed using ten hypothetical situations. A total number of 309 participants filled out the scales. The construct validity of the scales was substantiated through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Afterwards, structural equation modeling (SEM) was utilized to examine the possible relationships among the sub-constructs of attribution and emotioncy scales. The results indicated that as the participants’ emotioncy level increases, it becomes more likely for them to attribute probable causes to external factors. Moreover, it was revealed that while the involved individuals attribute causes to external factors, the exvolved ones attribute them to internal factors. In the end, implications of the findings were discussed in the realm of judgment and decision making.

scholarly journals Different and Unequal: A Qualitative Evaluation of Salient Factors Influencing Energy Intake in Adults with Overweight and Obesity

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Carlota Dao ◽  
Ellen Messer ◽  
Teresa Conigliaro ◽  
Kylie Sakaida ◽  
Alexis F. Ouellette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Food Availability ◽  
The United States ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Social Expectations ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Social Pressures ◽  
Overweight Or Obesity

Environmental factors such as food availability and variety can function as cues for overeating in individuals susceptible to overweight or obesity, but relatively little is known about other types of environmental factors that may also be important. This qualitative study compared and contrasted categories of internal and external cues through focus groups and key informant interviews with 24 adults (26 to 77 years old) in the United States who had a body mass index within the healthy range (21.6 ± 2.5 kg/m2) or had overweight or obesity (29.1 ± 3.6 kg/m2). Five domains of external factors influencing food intake were identified: (a) Environmental cues including food availability and variety; (b) normative expectations for dietary intake; (c) food palatability; (d) overt social pressures to overeat; and (e) perceived social expectations around eating. All external domains were noted by participants with overweight or obesity to be challenging, and solutions to avoid overeating were lacking; however, overt social pressures and perceived social expectations appeared to be especially problematic. By explicitly defining different domains of external factors that challenge healthy weight regulation, this study identifies specific targets to address in interventions for healthy weight management.

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