scholarly journals Barreras ante las pioneras universitarias: una mirada transnacional = Barriers to Women University Pioneers: a Transnational View

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Consuelo Flecha García
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Young Women ◽  
University Women ◽  
University Studies ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
University Degree ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Univer Sity

Resumen: El ingreso de las mujeres en los estudios universitarios se produjo después de superar muchas dificultades. En algunos casos esa entrada fue impedida por las propias universidades. En otros casos, por los gobiernos de los países. Pero también por quienes estaban ejerciendo las profesiones que exigían esa educación superior. Todos juzgaron que no era adecuado o conveniente para una mujer tal tipo de estudios. Sin embargo, muchas mujeres jóvenes tomaron una decisión valiente y demostraron una voluntad envidiable para alcanzar sus expectativas, a fin de obtener un título universitario. El objetivo de este artículo es ofrecer un acercamiento a las circunstancias concretas que superaron las mujeres en diferentes países de Europa y América. Con una metodología de carácter histórico, diferentes fuentes han sido consultadas: archivos de universidades, autobiografías editadas, y bibliografía disponible en varios países sobre esta temática.Palabras clave: universidad, mujeres, siglo XIX, Europa, AméricaAbstract: The entrance of women in university studies occurred after overcoming many difficulties. In some cases that entry was impeded by the universities themselves. In other cases, by the governments of the countries. But also by those who were exercising the professions that demanded that higher education. Everyone judged that this type of studies was not suitable or convenient for a woman. However, many young women made a courageous decision and showed an enviable will to meet their expectations, in order to obtain a university degree. The objective of this article is to offer an approach to the concrete circumstances that women in different countries of Europe and America have overcome. With a methodology of historical character, different sources have been consulted: Univer sity archives, published autobiographies and bibliography available in several countries on this subject.Keywords: university, women, 19th century, Europe, America

scholarly journals INTELECTUAIS E CONSTRUÇÃO HISTÓRICA DO DEBATE EDUCACIONAL: a perspectiva do sujeito mulher professora

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 202
Author(s):  
Diomar Das Graças Motta
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Female Subject ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Female Teacher ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Woman Teacher ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Educational Debate ◽  
The 19Th Century

Eventos que abordam pesquisas e experiências tem se multiplicado atualmente. Uns poucos têm mostrado os seus atores, dentre estes os intelectuais, presentes na construção do debate educacional. Quando mostrados, a ausência da mulher-professora é sentida. Esta ausência tem conduzido nossos estudos. Na oportunidade, destacamos os elementos que lhe excluem deste contingente, apresentando sua voz, em fontes pouco usuais, na pesquisa histórica. Os estudos de Bourdieu (1993) e Boudon (1993) nos ajudam a dar vez ao sujeito mulher- professora, enquanto intelectual, no debate educacional maranhense a partir do século XIX. Sua incursão neste debate, ainda que muitas das vezes como coadjuvante, decorre de fatores científico, social e político. Fatores possibilitados, graças aos movimentos libertários, que deram ênfase a liberdade, a independência e a igualdade da mulher, ensejando sua participação intelectual na construção historiográfica das questões educacionais. Quer como intelectual por qualificação, ou por atributos que lhe conferem um mínimo de consciência e de identidade.Palavras–Chave: Intelectuais. Mulher - professora. Debate educacional. Construção histórica.INTELLECTUAL AND HISTORICAL CONSTRUCTION OF THE EDUCATIONAL DEBATE: the perspective of the female subject teacherAbstract: Events that address research and experiences have multiplied today. A few have shown their actors, among them the intellectuals, present in the construction of the educational debate. When shown, the absence of the woman-teacher is felt. This absence has led our studies. In the opportunity, we highlight the elements that exclude him from this contingent, presenting his voice, in unusual sources, in historical research. Bourdieu's (1993) and Boudon's (1993) studies help us to give the female-teacher subject, as an intellectual, time in the educational debate in Maranhão from the 19th century. Its incursion in this debate, although often as an adjunct, stems from scientific, social and political factors. Possible factors, thanks to the libertarian movements, which emphasized the freedom, independence and equality of women, allowing their intellectual participation in the historiographic construction of educational issues. Whether as an intellectual by qualification, or by attributes that give him a minimum of consciousness and identity.Keywords: Intellectuals. Woman - Teacher. Educational Debate. Historical Construction.INTELECTUALES Y CONSTRUCCIÓN HISTORICA DEL DEBATE EDUCATIVO: la perpectiva del sujeto mujer profesora Resumen: Eventos que la investigación y experiencia de dirección ahora se ha multiplicado. Unos pocos han mostrado sus actores, entre ellos intelectuales, presentes en la construcción del debate educativo. Cuando se muestra, la ausencia de mujeres y maestros se sentía. Esta ausencia ha llevado a nuestros estudios. En esa ocasión, se destacan los elementos que ha excluido de este contingente, con su voz, en las fuentes inusuales, en la investigación histórica. Los estudios de Bourdieu (1993) y Boudon (1993) nos ayudará a dar tiempo a la maestra mujer-objeto, como intelectual, en Maranhão debate educativo a partir del siglo XIX. Su incursión en este debate, aunque a menudo como un complemento, el resultado de factores científicos, sociales y políticos. factores posibles gracias a los movimientos de liberación, que enfatizaban la libertad, la independencia y la igualdad de las mujeres, lo que permite su participación intelectual en la construcción historiográfica de los problemas educativos. Ya sea como intelectual por la cualificación, o los atributos que le dan un mínimo de conciencia y de identidad.Palabras clave: Los intelectuales. Mujeres - maestros. Debate educativo. Construcción histórica. 

scholarly journals Las mujeres de la élite bogotana del siglo XIX y la moda

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Ima Poveda
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Inappropriate Behaviors ◽  
The Feminine ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Nueva Granada ◽  
The 19Th Century

ResumenEn el siglo XIX, en la Nueva Granada, la forma de vestir femenina, enmarcada en un fenómeno moderno como la moda, fue vista con recelo ya que conllevaba a las mujeres a expresar su individualidad y a generar otros comportamientos inapropiados para los “ángeles del hogar”. Por esto, era duramente criticada y vigilada en los discursos de urbanidad y comportamiento. Sin embargo, muchos de estos llamados, especialmente a la modestia, solo quedaron en el discurso.Palabras clave: Moda, mujeres, individualidad, urbanidad, siglo XIX, burguesía********************************************************************Women in the elite of Bogotá in the 19th century and fashionAbstractIn the 19th century, in Nueva Granada, the feminine way of dressing, framed within a modern phenomenon like fashion was seen suspiciously as it meant expressing women’s individuality and generating other inappropriate behaviors for the angels of the home. Because of this, it was harshly criticized and invigilated through the discourse of behavior and urbanity. However, many of these calls, especially to modesty, remained only as discourse.Key words: fashion, women, individuality, urbanity, 19th Century, burgeoisie.********************************************************************As mulheres da elite bogotana de século XIX e a modaResumoNo século XIX, na Nueva Granada, a forma de vestir feminina, enquadrada num fenômeno moderno como a moda, foi vista com receio, já que levava a expressar sua individualidade e a gerar outros comportamentos inapropriados para os anjos do lar. Por isto, era duramente criticado e vigiado nos discursos de urbanidade e comportamento. No entanto, muitos destes chamados, especialmente à modéstia, só ficaram no discurso.Palavras chave: moda, mulheres, individualidade, urbanidade, século XIX, burguesia.

scholarly journals Las mujeres afrovenezolanas de Todasana y su decisión trascendental a finales del siglo XIX

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (33) ◽  
pp. 197-211
Author(s):  
Yara Altez
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Central Coast ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cocoa Farm ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
The 19Th Century

Se presentan aquí resultados de una investigación documental sobre la historia de una antigua hacienda de cacao fundada a principios del siglo XVII en la costa central venezolana, llamada originalmente Tuasana. Fue una hacienda trabajada por esclavizados que permanecieron asentados allí incluso abolida la esclavitud en 1854, mientras que sus descendientes todavía residen en el lugar, hoy llamado Todasana. A finales del siglo XIX, un grupo de mujeres cambió el apellido que les había impuesto la administración de la hacienda desde inicios del siglo XVIII. Fue una valiente decisión, pero al no transmitirse a la descendencia, dejó en el olvido al pasado de la esclavitud y a sus ancestros. De ellos nadie habla hoy, así como nadie refiere a la importante decisión de aquellas mujeres de Todasana. Abstract: The results of a documentary investigation on the history of an old cocoa farm founded in the early seventeenth century on the Venezuelan central coast, originally called Tuasana, are presented here. It was a farm worked by enslaved who remained seated there even abolished slavery in 1854, while their descendants still reside in the place, today called Todosana. At the end of the 19th century, a group of women changed the last name that had been imposed on them by the administration of the hacienda since the beginning of the 18th century. It was a brave decision, but not being transmitted to the offspring, he left the past of slavery and his ancestors in oblivion. Nobody talks about them today, just as nobody refers to the important decision of those women in Todasana.

scholarly journals “Between the Useful and the Beautiful”: Reading, Power and Pleasure in the Residencia de Señoritas (1930-1936)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 006
Author(s):  
Débora Betrisey Nadali
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Reading Practices ◽  
Gender Perspective ◽  
University Women ◽  
University Studies ◽  
Cultural Differentiation ◽  
Education Of Women ◽  
Forms Of Knowledge

In the early 20th century many spaces of female sociability in Spain were characterised by the creation of habits, dispositions and forms of knowledge in University women. One of those spaces was the so-called Residencia de Señoritas [the Young Women’ Hall of Residence], founded in 1915. This institution developed tutelary practices for the education of women that went to Madrid to undertake University studies. As part of the residents’ training in refined behaviour and politeness rules, the cultivation of certain reading practices were considered a legitimate and useful aim by the educators. Following historical, social and anthropological studies that depart from a consideration that universalizes these reading practices, this essay uses a gender perspective to analyse the shaping of female readership in the context of the Hall of Residence’s Library (1915–1936). The library is understood as a space that provides and sustains reading as a practice set in a network of processes of social and cultural differentiation.

scholarly journals Women and science: Reflections on female access to university studies in Chile in the 20th century

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 003
Author(s):  
Romané V. Landaeta Sepúlveda
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Latin America ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Access To Higher Education ◽  
University Studies ◽  
Women And Science ◽  
The University ◽  
The 19Th Century

This text examines the different stages of women’s access to higher education in Chile throughout the second half of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. It inquires into the reflections that emerged on the need to educate women in Latin America, examines the scientific development of women in Chilean universities and It investigates the debates that emerged in the Chilean society regarding to the entry of women in the University. The paper also makes a reflexion about the problems that women had to face they made the decision to enter in the university.

scholarly journals Mujeres del norte: un estudio basado en testamentos sobre la presencia femenina en Ures, Sonora

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ma. del Carmen Tonella Trelles
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Economic Role ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
The Family ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
Las Mujeres

Resumen:El enfocar las fuentes existentes desde un ángulo diferente es el primer paso en la etapa inicial de rescate de las aportaciones femeninas en la historia. Con una muestra de 96 testamentos tomados de la comunidad del distrito de Ures, Sonora (1862-1902), fue posible distinguir algunos aspectos de los diferentes patrones de sucesión utilizados por los testantes, sus relaciones dentro y fuera del ámbito familiar, los sentimientos de afecto y desafecto y enfatizar el papel económico desarrollado por la mujer urense en sus roles de mujer soltera, casada y viuda. Estos aspectos ayudan a entender por qué algunas se convirtieron en sostén del hombre o de su familia y le dieron textura a la vida cotidiana para demostrar que las mujeres en su calidad de actores sociales, están presentes y forman parte de un periodo histórico.Palabras clave: testamento, testadoras, mujeres del siglo XIX, bienes, sucesión.Abstract:Approaching sources from a different angle is the firt step in the initial stage of recovering women’s contributions to History. From a sample of 96 testaments taken from the community of Ures District, in Sonora, from the 1862-1902 period, it was possible to underline some aspects of the various succession patterns used by testators and testatrixes, their relationships within and outside the family, their affection and indifference feelings, as well as to emphasize the economic role played by Ures women as single and married women, and widows. This aspects help understand why some women turned into a means of support for her husband or her family, and gave her daily life texture in order to demonstrate that women, as social players, are present and are part of a historical period.Palabras clave: testament, testatrixes, 19th century women, Ures, possessions, heirs, succession.

scholarly journals El acceso de las mujeres a la Universidad en España: el caso de las primeras universitarias leridanas (1882-1920) = Access of Women to the University in Spain: the Case of the First University Women in Lleida (1882-1920)

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quintí Casals
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Small City ◽  
University Women ◽  
University History ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
The University

Resumen: En el presente artículo estudiamos los casos específicos de las primeras universitarias leridanas que conocemos como paradigmáticos del acceso de las mujeres a la universidad en España a finales del siglo XIX y primeras décadas del XX. Los ámbitos de estudio son Medicina, Farmacia y Filosofía y Letras. Mediante la comparación de las biografías de estas primeras universitarias leridanas buscamos paralelismos que expliquen como en una ciudad pequeña como Lleida, se dio la circunstancia que surgieran algunas de las pioneras españolas en los citados campos de estudio.Palabras clave: Historia universitaria, universitarias, primeras doctoras, primeras licenciadas.Abstract: In this paper we study the specific cases of the first women of Lleida that go to the university like a paradigmatic case of women’s access to the university in Spain in the late nineteenth century and early twentieth. The areas of study are Medicine, Pharmacy and Philosophy. By comparing the biographies of these first university women, we seek parallels that explain how in a small city like Lleida, were given the circumstances for arising some of the Spanish first women in the above fields of study.Keywords: University history, university, first female doctors, first graduates 

scholarly journals INTELECTUAIS E CONSTRUÇÃO HISTÓRICA DO DEBATE EDUCACIONAL: a perspectiva do sujeito mulher professora

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 192
Author(s):  
Diomar Das Graças Motta
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Female Teacher ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Woman Teacher ◽  
Educational Issues ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Educational Debate ◽  
The 19Th Century

Eventos que abordam pesquisas e experiências tem se multiplicado atualmente. Uns poucos têm mostrado os seus atores, dentre estes os intelectuais, presentes na construção do debate educacional. Quando mostrados, a ausência da mulher-professora é sentida. Esta ausência tem conduzido nossos estudos. Na oportunidade, destacamos os elementos que lhe excluem deste contingente, apresentando sua voz, em fontes pouco usuais, na pesquisa histórica. Os estudos de Bourdieu (1993) e Boudon (1993) nos ajudam a dar vez ao sujeito mulher- professora, enquanto intelectual, no debate educacional maranhense a partir do século XIX. Sua incursão neste debate, ainda que muitas das vezes como coadjuvante, decorre de fatores científico, social e político. Fatores possibilitados, graças aos movimentos libertários, que deram ênfase a liberdade, a independência e a igualdadeda mulher, ensejando sua participação intelectual na construção historiográfica das questões educacionais. Quer como intelectual por qualificação, ou por atributos que lhe conferem um mínimo de consciência e de identidade.Palavras-chave: Intelectuais. Mulher - professora. Debate educacional. Construção histórica.INTELLECTUAL AND HISTORICAL CONSTRUCTION OF THE EDUCATIONAL DEBATE: the perspective of the female teacherAbstract: Events that address research and experiments have recently multiplied.. A few have shown their actors, among them, intellectuals, present in the construction of the educational debate. When shown, the absence ofthe female teacher is felt. This absence has led our studies. In the opportunity, we highlight elements that exclude her from this contingent, presenting her voice, in unusual sources, in historical research. Bourdieu’s (1993) and Boudon’s (1993) studies help us to give the female teacher subject, as an intellectual, space in the educational debate in Maranhão from as of the 19th century. Her incursion in this debate, although often as an adjunct, stems from scientific, social and political factors. Possible factors, thanks to libertarian movements, which emphasized the freedom, independence and equality of women, allowing their intellectual participation in the historiographic construction of educational issues. Whether as an intellectual by qualification, or by attributes that give them a minimum of consciousness and identity.Keywords: Intellectuals. Woman – Teacher. Educational Debate. Historical Construction.INTELECTUALES Y CONSTRUCCIÓN HISTORICA DEL DEBATE EDUCATIVO: la perspectiva del sujeto mujer profesoraResumen: Eventos que enfocan investigaciones y experiencias se han multiplicado actualmente. Unos pocos han mostrado sus actores, entre ellos intelectuales, presentes en la construcción del debate educativo. Cuando semuestra, se siente la ausencia de la mujer-profesora. Esta ausencia ha llevado a nuestros estudios. En esa ocasión, destacamos los elementos que la excluyen de este contingente, presentando su voz, en las fuentes inusuales, en la investigación histórica. Los estudios de Bourdieu (1993) y Boudon (1993) nos ayudará a dar voz al sujeto mujer-maestra, como intelectual, en el debate educacional en Maranhão a partir del siglo XIX. Su incursión en este debate, aunque a menudo como segundona, resulta de factores científicos, sociales y políticos. Factores posibles gracias a los movimientos de liberación que enfatizaban la libertad, la independencia y la igualdad de las mujeres, permitiendo su participación intelectual en la construcción historiográfica de las cuestiones educacionales. Ya sea como intelectual por la cualificación, o los atributos que le dan un mínimo de conciencia y de identidad.Palabras clave: Intelectuales. Mujer-profesora. Debate educativo. Construcción histórica. 

Textbook Popery

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassandra L. Yacovazzi
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Public School ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Print Culture ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Female Teachers ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Right ◽  
School Movement

By the 1840s, convent narratives gained more middle-class, respectable readers, moving away from descriptions of sex and sadism and focusing instead on convent schools and the education of young women. Popular works such as Protestant Girl in a French Nunnery described "tricks" used by nuns to convert female pupils and lure them into convents. Such literature warned that as neither wives nor mothers, nuns could not train the right kind of women for America. The focus on convent schools converged with the common or public school movement. At the same time, teaching became an acceptable occupation for women, prompting more women to seek opportunities for higher education. This chapter compares the approach to education among nuns and other female teachers alongside the caricatures of convent schools in anti-Catholic print culture. I seek to answer why convent schools faced such heightened animosity even as teaching became feminized.

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