scholarly journals A construção da memória do sujeito contemporâneo a partir de arquivos-monumentos

RUA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Eliane Righi Andrade ◽  
Paula Cristina Somenzari Almozara
Keyword(s):  
Social Construction ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Historical Time ◽  
What Is Said ◽  
Interdisciplinary Perspective ◽  
Time Space ◽  
The Social ◽  
Memory Event ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship

Este artigo discute, por um olhar interdisciplinar, a formação da memória do sujeito contemporâneo, constituída pelos arquivos, os quais são entendidos, ao mesmo tempo, como forma de preservação de uma memória histórica e coletiva – o arquivo-documento – e como interpretação, a partir das diferentes “entradas” do sujeito no arquivo – o arquivo-monumento. Essa reflexão entende os arquivos como uma construção social que se utiliza de elementos historicizados para gerar redes de significados. Utilizando recortes (fotos e textos) das manifestações sociais de 2013 como material de análise da pesquisa, conclui-se que a memória é constituída pelas várias interpretações sobre o arquivo, produzidas na relação entre o dizer e a imagem, no tempo-espaço histórico que caracteriza um acontecimento.Abstract:This article proposes, by an interdisciplinary perspective, the discussion about the constitution of the memory of the contemporary subject, memory formed by archives that are understood, at the same time, as a way of preserving the historical and collective memory – the document-archive – and as a work of interpretation, through the different “entries” that the subject does into the archive – the monument-archive. This reflection considers the archives as a social construction which uses historicized elements to produce meaning networks. Using extracts (pictures and texts) from the social manifestations that occurred in 2013 in Brazil as the analysis material of the research, we can conclude that memory consists of different interpretations of the archive, produced in the relationship between what is said and the image, in the historical time-space that characterizes an event.Keywords: archive; memory; event; contemporary subject; arts.

scholarly journals KONSTRUKSI SOSIAL UPACARA ADAT KARO SUKU TENGGER DI DESA TOSARI, KECAMATAN TOSARI, KABUPATEN PASURUAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Endang Kumala Ratih ◽  
Anik Juwariyah
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Social Construction ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Social Relationship ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Village Communities ◽  
The Relationship

<p><em>Nowadays social relations in a society are less aware of, be it with nature, society, and society with God, especially in today's young people who are mostly influenced by digital technology that is growing very rapidly and is inherent in life which makes them very focused with cellphones and indirectly make them individualistic creatures. Through this article, the writer hopes to provide insight, especially to young people, that awareness of social relations is needed that can be realized through culture. The relationship between humans and God, humans and nature, and humans with each other has indirectly formed a social relationship, such as the Karo traditional ceremony, which is worship of the spirits of the ancestors in which there are several rituals as an expression of gratitude for a good harvest. . The Karo Day traditional ceremony involves village communities, one of which is in Tosari Village. The relationship between society and God, society and nature, society and each other, which is formed from the implementation of the Karo Day traditional ceremony, indirectly has a social relationship. This relationship was investigated using the social construction approach of Peter L. Berger and Thomas Luckmann. Data collection includes: 1) observation, by looking at the phenomena that are directly or indirectly related to the subject and object of research; 2) interview with the perpetrator; and 3) literature study and documents in the form of photos. The results of this study indicate that traditional ceremonies have an important role in maintaining and forming a social relationship. The Karo traditional ceremony is carried out every year by the Tengger tribe who believe in their ancestors, making a community that is full of tolerance, and adheres to values.</em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords: </em></strong><strong><em>Karo Traditional Ceremony, Tengger Tribe Community, Social Construction</em></strong><strong><em></em></strong></p><h2> </h2><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Pada jaman sekarang hubungan sosial dalam suatu masyarakat kurang disadari, baik itu dengan alam, masyarakat sesamanya, dan masyarakat dengan Tuhan, khususnya dilingkungan anak muda jaman sekarang yang kebanyakan sudah terpengaruh oleh tekonologi digital yang berkembang sangat pesat dan melekat dalam kehidupan yang menjadikan mereka sangat terfokus dengan handphone dan secara tidak langsung menjadikan mereka makhluk individualis. Melalui artikel ini penulis berharap dapat memberikan wawasan khususnya kepada anak muda bahwa diperlukan kesadaran tentang hubungan sosial yang dapat direalisasikan melalui kebudayaan. Hubungan manusia dengan Tuhan, manusia dengan alam, dan manusia dengan sesamanya secara tidak langsung telah membentuk sebuah hubungan sosial, seperti pada upacara adat Hari Raya Karo yang merupakan pemujaan terhadap roh para leluhur yang didalamnya terdapat beberapa ritual sebagai pengungkapan rasa syukur atas hasil panen yang bagus. Upacara adat Hari Raya Karo melibatkan masyarakat desa, salah satunya didesa Tosari. Hubungan antara masyarakat dengan Tuhan, masyarakat dengan alam, masyarakat dengan sesamanya yang terbentuk dari pelaksanaan upacara adat Hari Raya Karo secara tidak langsung telah terjadi suatu hubungan sosial. Hubungan tersebut diteliti dengan menggunakan pendekatan konstruksi soial Peter L. Berger dan Thomas Luckmann. Pengumpulan data meliputi : 1) observasi, dengan melihat fenomena yang berhubungan langsung maupun tidak langsung dengan subjek dan objek penelitian; 2) wawancara dengan pelaku; dan 3) studi kepustakaan dan dokumen berupa foto. Hasil dari penelitian ini bahwa upacara adat memiliki peranan penting dalam menjaga dan membentuk sebuah hubungan sosial. Upacara adat Karo yang dilakukan setiap tahunnya oleh masyarakat suku Tengger yang percaya dengan leluhur, menjadikan masyarakat yang penuh toleransi, dan mentaati nilai-nilai.</p><p><strong>Kata Kunci : </strong><strong><em>Upacara Adat Karo, Masyarakat Suku Tengger, Konstruksi Sosial</em></strong></p>

scholarly journals Ricoeur et la mémoire des proches: “Moi, les collectifs, les proches”

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-101
Author(s):  
Anaïd Mouratian
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Social Bond ◽  
Alfred Schutz ◽  
Personal Memory ◽  
Phenomenological Sociology ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Link ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Alfred Schütz ◽  
The Relationship

“Me, collectives, relatives”: Ricœur refers to the subject of attribution of memory to close the first part of Memory, History, Forgetting, published in 2000. Ricœur mentions in this chapter the work of Alfred Schütz and phenomenological sociology. The exploration of an intermediate plan of memory (between personal memory and collective memory) in the relationship with loved ones will be the occasion for a hermeneutical detour towards this social link of proximity. “On which path of attribution of the memory are the relatives?” Ricœur asks himself. Indeed, relatives are an opportunity to think about recognition by the path of remembrance. This exploration of the attribution of memories opens the connection of memory to recognition on a particular scale of the social bond, that of proximity.

scholarly journals Konsumsi Yang-Sakral: Amalan dan Air Doa sebagai Terapi Religius Di Probolinggo

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-178
Author(s):  
Rojabi Azharghany
Keyword(s):  
Social Construction ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
Community Construction ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship

The practice of the ritualprayer waterand amalan by asking the kiai which is the belief of the community is constructed as a sacred house that can calm their spirituality from the blazing confusion and problems of life. This study aims to find out how the role of the kiai as religious leaders and social leaders in maintaining the spirituality of the people through water rituals of prayer and practice. This study takes the setting of a kiai in Pesantren Nurul Jadid who has the highest number of students in Probolinggo, East Java. The construction of the community of prayer water and practices are assessed using qualitative methods. Researchers chose non-probability sampling techniques by determining the subject in a purposive and snow ball manner. Collecting data with participant observation and interviewing 1 kiai and 8 communities around pesantren who have special needs for prayer and practice water. The data analysis of this study uses the concept approach of Berger's knowledge sociology. The results of the analysis of community construction in the pesantren indicate their need for supernatural power to solve life's problems. The community identifies this power with the kiai. It is this identity that maintains and maintains the social structure of the relationship between the community and the kiai to the present, as well as being externalized by the kiai in conducting spiritual guidance.Keywords: Kiai, Prayer Water and Amalan, Social Construction

Prophets and Profits of Racial Science

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruha Benjamin
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Social Construction ◽  
Precision Medicine ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Racial Science ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Racial Ethnic

In this response to Terence Keel and John Hartigan’s debate over the social construction of race, I aim to push the discussion beyond the terrain of epistemology and ideology to examine the contested value of racial science in a broader political economy. I build upon Keel’s concern that even science motivated by progressive aims may reproduce racist thinking and Hartigan’s proposition that a critique of racial science cannot rest on the beliefs and intentions of scientists. In examining the value of racial-ethnic classifications in pharmacogenomics and precision medicine, I propose that analysts should attend to the relationship between prophets of racial science (those who produce forecasts about inherent group differences) and profits of racial science (the material-semiotic benefits of such forecasts). Throughout, I draw upon the idiom of speculation—as a narrative, predictive, and financial practice—to explain how the fiction of race is made factual, again and again. 

scholarly journals The paribhāṣās in the Śrautasūtras: Problems, Opportunities and Premises for an Investigation

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 459-487
Author(s):  
Pietro Chierichetti
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
What Is Said ◽  
Hybrid Element ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract What is a paribhāṣā? How does it work in Śrautasūtra-texts? This paper tries to examine these questions and to trace a story of the paribhāṣās in the Śrautasūtras, giving some indications for future researches. Often translated as “meta-rule”, paribhāṣā is a primary derivative from the Sanskrit root “bhāṣ”, which means “to talk”, with the prefix “pari”, which means “around”, “beyond”. The term indicates a specific discourse “around” or “beyond” something. Therefore, it represents the link with the context, a hybrid element placed between text and context. A paribhāṣā is an explanation, an element around discourse that acts as a frame for what is said: it is a rule that is valid in a wider context than that of the object under analysis, that goes “beyond” discourse. It is a unique opportunity to glance at the ritual in itself, at the “ritual string”, in opposition to every “discourse of the ritual”. This rule’s validity is put into effect through the other rules expressed within the text, in other words it is a meta-rule. However, the subject of the relationship between paribhāṣās and the texts of the śruti is still uncharted territory: the categorizations that have so far been suggested are weak or not useful, and need stronger foundations. The present paper pretends to be a first step in this direction.

scholarly journals La construcción discursiva de la identidad andaluza y la reproducción de la memoria colectiva en la serie La respuesta está en la historia / The Discursive Construction of Andalusian Identity and Collective Memory Play in the Series the Answer Lies in History

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamil Fleissner
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Social Construction ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Collective Identity ◽  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Discursive Construction ◽  
Television Series ◽  
The Social

ABSTRACTThis study aims to analyze the discoursive representation of andalusian collective identity and memory in the television series “La respuesta está en la historia”. I will reflect the theoretical approach of the social construction of identities and I will use the methodology of the critical discourse analysis to identify, classify and explore the basic discoursive strategies that are reproduced by the television series.RESUMENEl propósito general de este estudio es analizar la construcción discursiva de las representaciones de la identidad social y de la memoria colectiva de los andaluces en la serie “La respuesta está en la Historia”. Reflejando las explicaciones teóricas de la construcción de la identidad y los conceptos de la memoria colectiva, y usando la perspectiva teórico-metodológica del análisis crítico del discurso identifico, clasifico y exploro las principales estrategias discursivas usadas en el programa.

scholarly journals The possibilities and limits of political contestation in times of ‘urban austerity’

Urban Studies ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 2087-2106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Crispian Fuller ◽  
Karen West
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
City Government ◽  
Discourse Theory ◽  
Policy Area ◽  
Planning Policy ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Social Logics ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

This paper seeks to provide a conceptual framework in which to examine the social practices of contemporary austerity programmes in urban areas, including how these relate to different conceptions of crisis. Of current theoretical interest is the apparent ease with which these austerity measures have been accepted by urban governing agents. In order to advance these understandings we follow the recent post-structuralist discourse theory ‘logics’ approach of Glynos and Howarth (2007), focusing on the relationship between hegemony, political and social logics, and the subject whose identificatory practices are key to understanding the form, nature and stability of discursive settlements. In such thinking it is not only the formation of discourses and the mobilisation of rhetoric that are of interest, but also the manner in which the subjects of austerity identify with these. Through such an approach we examine the case of the regeneration/economic development and planning policy area in the city government of Birmingham (UK). In conclusion, we argue that the logics approach is a useful framework through which to examine how austerity has been uncontested in a city government, and the dynamics of acquiescence in relation to broader hegemonic discursive formations.

Place Matters, But How? Rural Identity, Environmental Decision Making, and the Social Construction of Place

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Hope Alkon ◽  
Michael Traugot
Keyword(s):  
Social Construction ◽  
Environmental Conflicts ◽  
Rural Identity ◽  
Environmental Decision Making ◽  
Sociodemographic Differences ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
The Social ◽  
Place Character ◽  
Construction Of Place ◽  
The Relationship

This article investigates the relationship between environmental policy and the social construction of place in two neighboring California counties. We examine two counties with dramatic geographic and sociodemographic differences that drew on similar place narratives in order to justify collaborative solutions to agricultural–environmental conflicts. Each narrative trumpets the importance of agriculture to each county's place character and praises the ability of well–intentioned county residents to work together. Our cases illuminate two processes through which place is socially constructed with regard to extralocal factors: place comparison allows residents to highlight potential risks by contrasting their own places with others while place meta–narratives allow actors to draw on culturally available notions of types of places. We conclude by discussing the relationship between place narratives and other factors that can affect policy choice, and therefore, shape the landscape itself.

Collective Memory

Sociology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Simko
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
The United States ◽  
Emile Durkheim ◽  
State Legitimacy ◽  
The Past ◽  
National Memory ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Borders ◽  
Monuments And Memorials ◽  
The Relationship

Collective memory encompasses both the shared frameworks that shape and filter ostensibly “individual” or “personal” memories and representations of the past sui generis, including official texts, commemorative ceremonies, and physical symbols such as monuments and memorials. Sociological work on collective memory traces its origins to Émile Durkheim and his student, Maurice Halbwachs. In the United States, the contemporary sociology of memory coalesced in the 1980s and 1990s, after Barry Schwartz brought renewed attention to Durkheim’s focus on commemoration as well as Halbwachs’s interest in how the past is reconstructed in the present, in the service of present needs, interests, and desires. Though this line of research initially emphasized heroic pasts—particularly national commemorations that bolstered state legitimacy with reference to triumphant episodes—scholars quickly began to address the ways that collectivities grapple with “difficult pasts,” or episodes that evoke shame, regret, and/or dissensus, and that threaten to “spoil” national identity. What is the relationship between memory and forgetting, and related concepts such as silence and denial? Can the increasingly pervasive language of “trauma” help us understand the current preoccupation with difficult pasts in both scholarly literature and public culture? More recently, scholars have critiqued the field’s overwhelming focus on national memory from two angles. First, studies of micro-level memories have revived Halbwachs’s initial interest in the social frameworks that structure (seemingly) individual memories. Second, globalization facilitates connectedness and identification beyond and/or outside of national frames of reference, and thus scholars have pointed to the emergence of “cosmopolitan” memories that create community and solidarity beyond and outside formal political borders.

Art and its Objects: William Ivins and the Reproduction of Art

1987 ◽  
Vol 35 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 65-98
Author(s):  
Gordon Fyfe
Keyword(s):  
Social Construction ◽  
Social History ◽  
Visual Communication ◽  
Fine Art ◽  
Modes Of Representation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Photographic Reproduction ◽  
History Of ◽  
Art Reproduction ◽  
The Relationship

This paper is a critique of the contribution of William Ivins's Prints and Visual Communication (1953) to an understanding of the meaning of fine art reproductions. Ivins showed that photographic reproduction was constructed in relation to, and displaced, older ways of reproducing art which were carried out by handicraft engravers. His analysis alerts us to the fact that ambiguity characterized art reproduction before photographs. Art reproductions, then, were interpretations in line based on conventional modes of representation – what Ivins calls a visual syntax. In this respect he enhances our understanding of the social construction of the artist. For Ivins the social history of reproduction seems to end with the camera. This completed an individuation of creativity ushered in with the Renaissance, but which was always qualified by the interfering visual syntax of craftsmen-interpreters. It is argued that the value of Ivins's account resides in its reconstruction of the relationship between handicraft engraving, fine art reproduction and aesthetic objects that have long since slipped from our consciousness.

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