scholarly journals Chickenpox Mimicking Monkeypox in Adult with Diabetes Mellitus and Acute Kidney Injury: Diagnosis and Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 213
Author(s):  
Maya Wardiana ◽  
Rahmadewi Rahmadewi ◽  
Dwi Murtiastutik ◽  
Sawitri Sawitri ◽  
Damayanti Damayanti
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
World Health ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
Intravenous Acyclovir ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury Diagnosis ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Chickenpox caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV) in diabetes mellitus patients might exhibit similar clinical features with monkeypox, caused by monkeypox virus (MPXV). In May 2019, Singapore notified World Health Organization (WHO) of one laboratory-confirmed case of monkeypox. Considering Singapore is located near Indonesia, awareness about the possibility of an outbreak in Indonesia should be raised. Purpose: To report a case of chickenpox mimicking monkeypox in an adult with diabetes mellitus and acute kidney injury. Case: A 51-year-old male with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus was suspected to have a chickenpox differential diagnosis with monkeypox. His chief complaint was multiple blisters on his body and vomiting. There was a history of feeding a monkey. From dermatological status on facial, trunk, and extremities there were multiple pleomorphic vesicles. Laboratory results showed elevated renal function. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) examination using VZV as primer revealed a positive result in the range of 810 bp. He was treated with intravenous acyclovir for 3 days and oral acyclovir for 7 days then discharged with improvement in skin lesions and normal renal function. Discussion: Chickenpox in adult and diabetes mellitus patients can give severe clinical manifestation mimicking monkeypox. PCR has a significant role especially when diagnosis could not be established from the physical examination. Acyclovir can be given as the therapy. Conclusion: Adult and poorly controlled diabetes mellitus are important risk factors associated with the severity and complication of chickenpox. A careful diagnostic approach and management are needed.

scholarly journals Covid-19 and Acute Kidney Injury: Recent Updates

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salman Tahir Shafi
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
World Health ◽  
Related Disease ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

In January 2020, the pathogen was identified and named by the World Health Organization as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2). The consequent SARS-CoV-2-related disease was defined as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). As data emerged about characteristics of the disease, it was found to be associated with increased risk of acute kidney injury (AKI). We explore the recent literature and reports emerging from the epicenters of the pandemic to help our viewers understand the nature of AKI among these patients. 

scholarly journals COVID-19- or Tramadol-induced Seizure: A Differential Diagnosis in Young People

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 32009.1-32009.2
Author(s):  
Solmaz Nekoueifard ◽  
◽  
Mohammad Majidi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Health Organization

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first declared in December 2019 from Wuhan, China [1, 2]. It then has been reported a pandemic in March 2020 by the World Health Organization [3]. Clinical features of COVID-19 are different from asymptomatic to mild to moderate symptoms, such as fever, headache, myalgia, sore throat, anosmia, cough, fatigue headache, hemoptysis, and dyspnea to the life-threatening complications, including shock, pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, myocarditis, myocardial infarction, acute kidney injury, multi-organ failure, and even death [1, 2].

Acute kidney injury and hantavirus disease

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Clement
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Spontaneous Remission ◽  
World Health ◽  
Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
Gastrointestinal Discomfort ◽  
Health Organization

Hantavirus disease or at least its renal form, the so-called haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome is the only globally emerging acute kidney injury (AKI) form, and currently without doubt the most underestimated form of community-acquired AKI. Hantavirus disease is a viral zoonosis, caused by inhalation of infectious aerosolized excreta from chronically infected rodents, which are both the reservoir and the vector of different hantavirus species. Clinical presentation consists of sudden flu-like symptoms (fever, headache, myalgia), followed by gastrointestinal discomfort and AKI, often with anuria or oliguria. More rarely, acute myopia and/or non-cardiogenic acute lung oedema or injury is the presenting or complicating symptom. Laboratory hallmarks are initial thrombocytopenia and proteinuria, raised C-reactive protein and lactate dehydrogenase, left-shift leucocytosis, and typical but transient serum lipid disturbances. Spontaneous remission occurs within 2–3 weeks without sequelae. Case fatality rate is between 0.1% and 15% according to the infecting hantavirus species, but most infections show in fact an asymptomatic or paucisymptomatic presentation. Treatment is only supportive, but may necessitate life-saving intensive care techniques. Together with leptospirosis, haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome is the only form of AKI against which different vaccines are in use, but a World Health Organization-licensed hantavirus vaccine is still lacking.

Relationship Between Renal Angina Index and D-Dimer Improvement Towards Acute Kidney Injury in Covid-19 Patients in Special Isolation Room of Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fadhil Rasyid ◽  
Bambang Pujo Semedi ◽  
Arie Utariani ◽  
Teuku Aswin
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
World Health ◽  
Isolation Room ◽  
Injury Criteria ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Renal Angina Index ◽  
Renal Angina ◽  
D Dimer

Since the World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 as pandemic in March 2020, the number of new case findings in Indonesia has continued to increase. As happened in the city of Surabaya. Even in severe cases deterioration is rapid and progressive. One of them is the high D-dimer level in COVID-19 patients, which indicates the presence of vascular thrombosis, resulting in organ failure syndromes such as Acute Kidney Injury (AKI). Such conditions clearly indicate that this virus attacks the kidneys. It is known that the prevalence of AKI is 17%, where 77% of AKI patients experienced severe COVID-19 infection, and 52% died. For this reason, this study was prepared with the aim of knowing the relationship between increased levels of D-Dimer Renal Angine Index and the incidence of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in COVID-19 patients in the Special Isolation Room of Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya. This study was a retrospective cohort analytic observational study with a sample size of 30. The Acute Kidney Injury criteria in this study used an increase in serum creatinine ≥ 0.3 mg / dL within 48 hours, or an increase in serum creatinine ≥ 1.5 times. Through research conducted, it is known that the Renal Angina Index can be used to predict the incidence of AKI in this study with p <0.0001 and sensitivity 71%, specificity 21% (r: 0.43; strong CC> 0.3) with a limit of 7. It can be concluded that there is a relationship which is significant between the Renal Angina Index on the incidence of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI). However, there was no significant relationship between increased D-Dimer levels and the incidence of acute kidney injury.

scholarly journals Acute kidney injury in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 (retrospective study)

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haitham A. Azeem ◽  
Hytham Abdallah ◽  
Mohamad M. Abdelnaser
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
World Health ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background The World Health Organization (WHO) has named the virus as 2019 novel coronavirus on January 12, 2020, and has declared a public health emergency globally on January 30, 2020. The epidemic started in Wuhan, China, in December of 2019 and quickly spread to over 200 countries. COVID-19 can cause multiple organ injuries (e.g., kidney, heart, blood, and nervous system). Among them, acute kidney injury (AKI) is a critical complication due to its high incidence and mortality rate. So, it is essential to evaluate AKI in COVID-19 patients during this pandemic state. The aim of this work is to detect the occurrence of AKI in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. So, a retrospective study was conducted on hospitalized adult patients > 18 years old with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection admitted to the Abo Teeg Hospital at Assiut City, Egypt, from May 1, 2020, to July 1, 2020. All data were collected from medical records, patients’ follow-up, and charts. Data were verified, coded by the researcher, and analyzed using IBM-SPSS 21.0. Results Eighty-six COVID-19 patients were admitted to Abo Teeg Hospital in Assiut City, Egypt, between May and July 2020. Thirty-eight patients (33%) were of the male gender. Mean age was 58.07 ± 17.9, and 61 patients developed AKI. 32.8% of the AKI group were a stage I severity (increase in serum creatinine by 0.3 mg/dl within 48 h), 21.3% of them presented by stage II (2–2.9 times increase in serum creatinine), and 45.9% were in stage III (3 times or more increase in serum creatinine). The overall hospital mortality for the patients admitted to ICU with AKI was 6.7% (11/61), compared to 1% (4/25) in those without AKI. Conclusion Hospitalized patients with COVID-19 had a higher risk of AKI, and we recommended that those patients should be evaluated after discharge for the development of CKD.

scholarly journals The comparison of the commonly used surrogates for baseline renal function in acute kidney injury diagnosis and staging

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charat Thongprayoon ◽  
Wisit Cheungpasitporn ◽  
Andrew M. Harrison ◽  
Wonngarm Kittanamongkolchai ◽  
Patompong Ungprasert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury Diagnosis ◽  
Baseline Renal Function

scholarly journals Physical Training Is a Potential Modifier of Risk for Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Diabetes Mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Sheila M. F. Couto ◽  
Douglas I. Machado ◽  
Carolina Conde ◽  
Vinicius C. Silva ◽  
Adriana A. Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Renal Blood Flow ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Renal Vascular

Background. Iodinated contrast (IC) is a leading cause of hospital-based acute kidney injury (AKI). Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) is a decline in renal function due to iodinated contrast administration and occurs more frequently in individuals with increasingly common risk factors, such as diabetes mellitus (DM). Physical training (PT) can have renoprotective effects on CI-AKI in diabetic nephropathy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the injury in kidneys of diabetic rats submitted to treatment with IC, evaluating the impact of PT on hemodynamics and renal function in addition to oxidative profile in diabetic rats submitted to IC-AKI. Materials and Methods. Adult male Wistar rats are randomized into four groups: citrate ( n = 7 ): control group, citrate buffer (streptozotocin-STZ vehicle), intravenous tail (iv), single dose; DM ( n = 7 ): STZ, 60 mg/kg, iv, single dose; DM+IC ( n = 7 ): DM rats treated with IC (sodium meglumine ioxithalamate, 6 mL/kg, intraperitoneal (ip), single dose); DM+IC+PT ( n = 7 ): DM rats treated with IC as mentioned and submitted to physical training. Renal function parameters (inulin clearance, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), serum creatinine, and urinary albumin), hemodynamics (renal blood flow and renal vascular resistance), and oxidative profile (urinary peroxides, urinary TBARS, urinary nitric oxide, and renal tissue thiols) were evaluated. Results. It was possible to observe a decrease in inulin clearance, renal blood flow, and thiols in renal tissue accompanied by an increase in urinary flow, serum creatinine, urinary albumin, renal vascular resistance, urinary peroxides, urinary nitrate, and TBARS in the DM group compared to the citrate group. The DM+IC group showed a reduction in inulin clearance, and the renal dysfunction was also seen by the increased NGAL. Renal hemodynamics and oxidative profile compared were also worsened in the DM group. PT improved renal function by increasing renal blood flow and thiol levels in renal tissue and reduced renal vascular resistance, metabolites of reactive oxygen, nitrogen species, and lipid peroxidation in the DM+IC+PT group compared to DM+IC. Conclusions. Our results confirmed that DM induction increases renal vulnerability to the toxicity of IC and an association between DM with IC predisposes to severe AKI with reduced renal function alongside with renal hemodynamic alterations and oxidative mechanism of injury. The PT showed a renoprotective effect in DM animals subjected to damage with IC by modulating renal hemodynamics and oxidative profile, confirming a potential to modify the risk of CI-AKI when diabetes mellitus is present.

scholarly journals Acute kidney injury associated with COVID-19: understanding its underlying mechanism

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-175
Author(s):  
Samir Singh
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Blood Clotting ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cytokine Storm ◽  
Kidney Involvement ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

World Health Organization (WHO) has declared coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak as a global emergency. Kidney involvement is commonly seen in COVID-19 patients with clinical findings ranging from mild proteinuria to acute kidney injury (AKI) in hospitalized patients. In this viewpoint, I would like to discuss about various mechanism contributing to AKI such as, entry of novel coronavirus into host cell, cytokine storm that destroy kidney tissues, increased blood clotting that clogs kidney, and probable direct infection of the kidney.

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