scholarly journals Testicular Tuberculosis in an HIV Positive Patient Co-infection with Pulmonary Tuberculosis Mimicking Malignancy: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Wahyu Agung Purnomo ◽  
Tutik Kusmiati ◽  
Soedarsono Soedarsono
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Manifestation ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Scrotal Mass ◽  
High Prevalence Rate ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
History Of

Background: Extrapulmonary involvement can be seen in more than 50% of patients with concurrent HIV and tuberculosis (TB). Approximately 7% of those are presented as a rare case, namely testicular TB, with scrotal mass as common clinical manifestation. Testicular TB should be a different diagnosis, especially in areas with a high prevalence rate for TB.Case: A 24-year-old male with HIV positive co-infection with pulmonary TB presented with a progressively increasing painless right testicular swelling of 1-month duration. History of chronic cough was complained, accompanied by loss of appetite and decrease of body weight. There was no history of testicular traumatic accident before. Genital examination was right testicular mass measuring 7cm x 4cm and depletion of right side scrotal skin with pus and necrotic tissue. He had right orchidectomy by an urologist in a private hospital; then an anatomical pathology was examined. The result of the microscopic evaluation showed granuloma inflammation process typical for orchitis tuberculosis. The patient was reactive for HIV and had Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) detected, Rifampicin resistant not recognized as the result of Gene Xpert MTB/RIF assay.Conclusion: Although a rare case, testicular TB should be a different diagnosis when there is a patient with HIV positive concurrent pulmonary TB with scrotal mass as clinical manifestation, especially in areas with a high prevalence rate for TB.

The Natural History of Behavioural Symptoms among Severely and Profoundly Mentally Retarded Patients

1984 ◽  
Vol 145 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Reid ◽  
B. R. Ballinger ◽  
B. B. Heather ◽  
S. J. Melvin
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Abnormal Behaviour ◽  
Behavioural Symptoms ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Descriptive Sense

SummaryIn a study of the evolution of behavioural symptoms in severely and profoundly mentally retarded adults in hospital over a period of six years, items of abnormal behaviour were found to be remarkably persistent. There is a high prevalence rate of psychiatric disorder in this population, when this disorder is defined in a widely descriptive sense. A substantially improved living environment, and increased staff-patient ratios, are prerequisites for improving disturbed behaviour in these patients.

scholarly journals Prevalence of hepatitis B in pregnant females

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gule Rana ◽  
Noreen Akmal ◽  
Naseem Akhtar
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
High Prevalence Rate ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Study Population

Hepatitis B during pregnancy is an important cause of morbidity and mortality. A study was conducted on 1000 pregnant females at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital to find out the prevalence of Hepatitis B in pregnant females. 18 (1.8%) were found to be hepatitis B surface antigen positive thus showing a high prevalence rate for this disease in the study population.

scholarly journals Multiple Unerupted Impacted Supernumerary Teeth: A Rare Case Report of Father and Son

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 863-867
Author(s):  
Ajit Joshi ◽  
Manu Goel ◽  
Nitin Fating ◽  
Pawan Dawane
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Family History ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Etiologic Factor ◽  
Supernumerary Teeth ◽  
Rare Case Report ◽  
History Of ◽  
Father And Son

Multiple impacted supernumerary teeth without any associated systemic conditions or syndromes are rare. The prevalence rate of supernumerary teeth in the permanent dentition is between 0.1– 6.9 % as compared to 0.3–0.6% in theprimary dentition. In this article, reporting a rare family history of non-syndromic multiple impacted supernumerary teeth,found incidentally during routine radiographic examination. Though the etiologic factor of multiple impacted supernumerary teeth are still not clearly known especially in cases without any syndrome. However, thorough evaluation is necessary toexclude associated systemic conditions.

scholarly journals MANAGEMENT OF RECURRENT PILONIDAL SINUS WITH KSHARALEPA: A CASE REPORT

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 4-6
Author(s):  
Poornima Jalawadi ◽  
Aiyanna PP
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Male Patient ◽  
Pilonidal Sinus ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Surgical Practice ◽  
High Prevalence Rate ◽  
High Prevalence

Pilonidal Sinus (PNS) is a commonest presentation in surgical practice with a high prevalence rate at more than 1 million cases per year in India, where as incidence is about 26 per 1,00,000 population. A 30-year-old male patient presented with PNS after an unsuccessful excision followed by antibiotic therapy. The challenge in this case was not only to excise the tract but also preventing its recurrence. Adopting the principles of Vranopakramas using Ksharakarma, Utsadana karma described in Ayurveda helped to manage the PNS effectively without any recurrence after 32 months of follow-up.

Oral administration of Lactococcus lactis WHH2078 alleviates depressive and anxiety symptoms in mice with induced chronic stress

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kan Gao ◽  
Aitak Farzi ◽  
Xueqin Ke ◽  
Yunxia Yu ◽  
Cailin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Mood Disorder ◽  
Lactococcus Lactis ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
High Prevalence Rate ◽  
High Prevalence

Depression is a mood disorder with a high prevalence rate globally, which is associated with abnormalities in 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) metabolism. Emerging evidence suggests that certain probiotics that modulate 5-HT metabolism...

Corticosteroids and Multiple Sclerosis: To Treat or Not to Treat?

2005 ◽  
Vol 138 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike Namaka ◽  
Carol St-Laurent ◽  
Raelene Vandenbosch ◽  
Ranbir Gill ◽  
Dana Ruhlen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
High Dose ◽  
High Prevalence Rate ◽  
Autoimmune Pathology ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Although a rare disease, multiple sclerosis (MS) has a high prevalence rate in Canada and affects many Canadians and their families. An autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, it results in the destruction of the myelin sheath that surrounds the nerve axons. High-dose IV steroid therapy is often used to treat an acute exacerbation in MS. Steroids have immunosuppressant effects that work to decrease the autoimmune pathology component of the disease and to reduce the inflammation around the nerve axon, thereby promoting closer contact of the damaged myelin and subsequently partially restoring adequate electrical nerve conduction to reduce symptoms. The high prevalence rate of MS in Canada makes it vital for pharmacists to become more aware of the different aspects of the disease and how these relate to therapy. The pharmacist should be aware of the adverse effects and impact of high-dose IV steroids in MS patients. The purpose of this review is threefold: 1) to provide a better understanding of MS pathology; 2) to contribute a systematic review of steroids; and 3) to assist in the clinical decision-making process and in the counselling requirements for patients on high-dose steroids.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document