The role of uric acid in renal damage - A history of inflammatory pathways and vascular remodeling

The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective role of Salvia officinal's silver nanoparticles as antioxidant on nephrotic damage induced by methotrexate in adult rats. Green silver nanoparticles were synthesized using alcoholic extract of salvia officinal's leaves, and were characterized by UV-spectrophotometry and scanning electron microscope. The mixing of the plant extract of Salvia. officinal's with silver nitrate solution (1mM), lead to changing of the reaction mixture color to yellowish within one hour and to dark brown after 8 hours, indicating the generation of Salvia officinal's silver nanoparticles , due to the reduction of silver metal ions silver (Ag+) into Nano silver particles via the active compounds present in the S. officinal's plant extracts. Changing in color after the reduction of Ag+ to Salvia officinal's silver nanoparticles. The reduction rate and formation of nanoparticles can be increased further by increase in incubation time. Silver nitrate conversion to Nano silver particles was found to be successful as suggested by the change in color of the solution to brown. For studying the protective role of Salvia officinal's silver nanoparticles , twenty eight adult Wister albino rats were randomly assigned and divided in to four groups as follows T1, T2, T3, and T4, They were treated intramuscularly (twice per week) for 45 days as follows; T1:animals in this group, were given Salvia officinal's (150mg /Kg/.B.W), T2: animals in this groups were given Salvia officinal's Silver nanoparticles (150mg/Kg B.W.); T3:animals of this groups were given both Methotrexate (0.25mg/kg/ B.W.) and Salvia officinal's silver nanoparticles (150mg/Kg/B.W); T4: animals in this groups were given methotrexate (0.25mg/Kg B.W.) for 45 days . The animals of all groups were considered as control group at day zero and injected only doubled distilled water Intramuscala. Fasting blood samples were collected at 0, 15, 30 and 45 days of experimental periods from anesthetized rats using retro-orbital sinus technique and cardiac puncture technique, then sera was isolated for measuring: malondialdehyde, glutathione in serum, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen and uric acid concentrations. The results showed that animals received methotrexate (group T4) caused a case of oxidative stress manifested by significant decrease grower in , elevation in malondialdehyde concentrations, renal dysfunction as documented by significant elevation in serum creatinine, urea and uric acid concentrations. On the other hand, the protective role of salvia officinal's and Salvia officinal's silver nanoparticles given concurrently with methotrexate was clarified in groups T2and T3 ,where there was alleviation of renal damage through correction of the previous mentioned parameters and correction of antioxidant status. In conclusion, the current study documented the antioxidant activity and reno protective effects of Salvia officinal's silver nanoparticles against damaging effects of methotrexate in rats.

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Hypertension-Induced Vascular Remodeling Contributes to Reduced Cerebral Perfusion and the Development of Spontaneous Stroke in Aged SHRSP Rats

Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism ◽

10.1038/jcbfm.2009.246 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 827-836 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Erica C Henning ◽

Steven Warach ◽

Maria Spatz

Keyword(s):

Vascular Remodeling ◽

Cerebral Perfusion ◽

Chronic Hypertension ◽

Primary And Secondary Prevention ◽

Ischemic Lesion ◽

Post Contrast ◽

Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽

History Of ◽

The Relationship

Stroke in spontaneously-hypertensive, stroke-prone (SHRSP) rats is of particular interest because the pathogenesis is believed to be similar to that in the clinical setting. In this study, we employed multi-modal MRI—ASL, DWI, T2, GRE, T1 (pre/post contrast)—to investigate the natural history of spontaneous cerebral infarction and the specific role of cerebral perfusion in disease development. Twelve female SHRSP rats (age: ∼1 year) were imaged within 1 to 3 days of symptom onset. The distribution of ischemic lesions was the following: 28.1% visual, 21.9% striatal, 18.8% motorsensory, 12.5% thalamic, 12.5% auditory, 3.1% frontal/prelimbic, and 3.1% multiple areas. Ischemic lesions had significantly reduced blood flow in comparison with healthy tissue. Ischemic lesions were characterized by hyperplastic, thrombosed, and compressed vessels. These findings suggest that ischemic lesion development is related to hypertension-induced vascular remodeling and persistent hypoperfusion. This model should be useful for studying the relationship between chronic hypertension and subsequent stroke, both in terms of primary and secondary prevention.

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Elaborating the role of reflection and individual differences in the study of folk-economic beliefs

Behavioral and Brain Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0140525x18000274 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 41 ◽

Author(s):

Kevin Arceneaux

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Individual Differences ◽

Cognitive Processes ◽

Evolutionary History ◽

Behavioral Responses ◽

History Of ◽

Economic Beliefs

AbstractIntuitions guide decision-making, and looking to the evolutionary history of humans illuminates why some behavioral responses are more intuitive than others. Yet a place remains for cognitive processes to second-guess intuitive responses – that is, to be reflective – and individual differences abound in automatic, intuitive processing as well.

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The role of a family history of adenocarcinomas in patients with Barrett oesophagus

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/s0016-5085(01)82192-2 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 120 (5) ◽

pp. A442-A442

Author(s):

P TSIBOURIS ◽

M HENDRICKSE ◽

P ISAACS

Keyword(s):

Family History ◽

History Of ◽

Barrett Oesophagus

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Protective Factors and Suicidality in Members of Arab Kindred

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000116 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 80-86 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Sami Hamdan ◽

Nadine Melhem ◽

Israel Orbach ◽

Ilana Farbstein ◽

Mohammad El-Haib ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Protective Factors ◽

Suicidal Behavior ◽

Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽

Diagnostic Interview ◽

Suicidal Risk ◽

Arab Population ◽

Psychiatric Interview ◽

History Of

Background: Relatively little is known about the role of protective factors in an Arab population in the presence of suicidal risk factors. Aims: To examine the role of protective factors in a subsample of in large Arab Kindred participants in the presence of suicidal risk factors. Methods: We assessed protective and risk factors in a sample of 64 participants (16 suicidal and 48 nonsuicidal) between 15 and 55 years of age, using a comprehensive structured psychiatric interview, the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI), self-reported depression, anxiety, hopelessness, impulsivity, hostility, and suicidal behavior in first-degree and second-relatives. We also used the Religiosity Questionnaire and suicide attitude (SUIATT) and multidimensional perceived support scale. Results: Suicidal as opposed to nonsuicidal participants were more likely to have a lifetime history of major depressive disorder (MDD) (68.8% vs. 22.9% χ2 = 11.17, p = .001), an anxiety disorder (87.5% vs. 22.9, χ2 = 21.02, p < .001), or posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (25% vs. 0.0%, Fisher’s, p = .003). Individuals who are otherwise at high risk for suicidality have a much lower risk when they experience higher perceived social support (3.31 ± 1.36 vs. 4.96 ± 1.40, t = 4.10, df = 62, p < .001), and they have the view that suicide is somehow unacceptable (1.83 ± .10 vs. 1.89 ± .07, t = 2.76, df = 60, p = .008). Conclusions: Taken together with other studies, these data suggest that the augmentation of protective factors could play a very important role in the prevention of incidental and recurrent suicidal behavior in Arab populations, where suicidal behavior in increasing rapidly.

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Sexual dysfunction in women with a history of childhood sexual abuse: The role of sexual shame.

Psychological Trauma Theory Research Practice and Policy ◽

10.1037/tra0000506 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 291-299

Author(s):

Carey S. Pulverman ◽

Cindy M. Meston

Keyword(s):

Sexual Abuse ◽

Childhood Sexual Abuse ◽

Sexual Dysfunction ◽

History Of Childhood ◽

History Of ◽

Sexual Shame

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THE ROLE OF RECTAL EUS-FNA/B IN PRE-SACRAL UNDEFINED LESIONS IN PATIENTS WITH HISTORY OF LOWER GI NEOPLASIA

10.1055/s-0040-1704973 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

B Mangiavillano ◽

S Carrara ◽

E Dabizzi ◽

F Auriemma ◽

V Cennamo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

History Of

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The problem of periodization of the history of religion

Ukrainian Religious Studies ◽

10.32420/1997.5.91 ◽

1997 ◽

pp. 3-8

Author(s):

Borys Lobovyk

Keyword(s):

Religious Studies ◽

Human Being ◽

Religious Development ◽

History Of Religion ◽

The Social ◽

The World ◽

History Of ◽

Role Of Religion

An important problem of religious studies, the history of religion as a branch of knowledge is the periodization process of the development of religious phenomenon. It is precisely here, as in focus, that the question of the essence and meaning of the religious development of the human being of the world, the origin of beliefs and cult, the reasons for the changes in them, the place and role of religion in the social and spiritual process, etc., are converging.

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