scholarly journals KAJIAN TEKNIS COAL WASHING PLANT DI PT BAHARI CAKRAWALA SEBUKU, KABUPATEN KOTABARU, PROVINSI KALIMANTAN SELATAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferry Ariadi Wardhany ◽  
Agus Triantoro ◽  
Romla Noor Hakim
Keyword(s):  
Calorific Value ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Total Sulphur

Coal Washing plant bertujuan untuk memisahkan dari material pengotornya dalam upaya meningkatkan kualitas batubara. Dalam proses pabrik pencucian batubara terjadi perubahan nilai parameter kualitas batubara di washingplant sehingga perlu diketahui parameter kualitas batubara apa saja yang mengalami perubahan dan bagaimana pengaruh antara satu parameter dengan parameter lainnya.Dense Medium Separation (DMS) merupakan metode pemisah mineral dan batubara berdasarkan spesifik gravity yang dikenal juga dengan proses sink and float (tenggelam dan terapung). Spesifik gravity media yang digunakan untuk pemisahan DMS merupakan spesifik gravity medium yaitu terletak diantara spesifik gravity mineral tenggelam dan terapung. Media ini bercampur dengan air dan membentuk media ini digunakan magnetit. DMS digunakan untuk pemisahan batubara dengan syarat tidak boleh ada material halus karena jika material ini bersatu dengan air akan membentuk suspensi yang tinggi dan lebih kental. Proses ini menghasilkan dua produk yaitu Sink Produk yaitu batubara yang berat (tidak diinginkan) dan Float Produk yaitu batubara yang ringan (yang diinginkan).Adapun perbedaan yang terjadi pada parameter kualitas batubara dalam pencucian yaitu total moisture, ash content, total sulphur dan calorific value. setelah dilakukan analisa antara batubara plantfeed dengan batubara washing menunjukkan bahwa  yang mempengaruhi proses pencucian batubara ialah bertambahnya nilai  rata-rata total  moisture sebesar 3,87%, berkurangnya nilai persentase rata-rata ash content sebesar 12,06%,  naiknya nilai  rata-rata calorific value ar sebesar 1062 cal/gr dan calorific value adb sebesar 1276 cal/gr serta penggunaan spesific gravity yang tepat digunakan agar bertujuan untuk meningkatkan nilai kualitas batubara tersebut. Kata-kata Kunci : Plantfeed,  Coal Wasingplant,  Parameter  Kualitas Batubara

ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN KUALITAS BATUBARA DI LOKASI PENAMBANGAN DAN STOCKPILE DI PT FIRMAN KETAUN PERKASA

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andri Toding ◽  
Agus Triantoro ◽  
Riswan Riswan
Keyword(s):  
Calorific Value ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Total Sulphur ◽  
Fine Coal

Batubara yang ditumpuk di stockpile berasal dari beberapa front atau lokasi penambangan yang berbeda-beda kualitas. Permasalahan yang timbul dari kualitas batubara ini adanya komplain dari pihak konsumen terhadap kualitas batubara yang menyimpang dari kesepakatan standar kualitas batubara yang telah ditentukan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu menghitung besarnya perbedaan parameter kualitas batubara, melakukan penanganan dan mencari penyebab perbedaan kualitas batubara.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan melakukan analisis parameter kualitas batubara pada stockpile dan membandingkan dengan hasil analisis parameter kualitas batubara di lokasi penambangan berdasarkan hasil analisis kualitas dari titik bor, serta menganalisis faktor-faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi secara langsung maupun tidak langsung terhadap perbedaan kualitas batubara pada kedua lokasi tersebut. Dilakukan secara lansung dilapangan untuk melihat aktivitas penambangan untuk mengetahui cara penanganan batubara dilokasi penambangan agar tidak terkontaminasi material lain dan cara pengolahan batubara di stock ROM dan penanganan batubara di stockpile untuk mengetahui secara langsung penyebab perbedaan kualitas batubara selama bulan Agustus Tahun 2016.Adapun perbedaan yang terjadi pada  kualitas batubara di lokasi penambangan dan di stockpile yaitu total moisture, ash content, total sulphur dan calorific value. Terjadinya  perbedaan kualitas batubara ini disebabkan oleh faktor-faktor sebagai berikut : kondisi sampling yang tidak baik, aktivitas penambangan, fine coal akibat proses penanganan, ukuran batubara yang tidak seragam dan penanganan batubara di stockpile. Perbedaan kualitas batubara pada lokasi penambangan dan stockpile  seperti TM ar (0,99% – 3,85%), Ash  adb (0,04% – 4,29%), Ash ar  (0,02% – 3,69%),  TS adb (0,01% – 1,25%),  TS ar (0,01% – 0,94%),  CV cal/gr adb (10 – 562), CV cal/gr ar (10 – 355). Kata Kunci :  Lokasi Penambangan, Stockpile, Kualitas Batubara

scholarly journals STUDI KASUS PERUBAHAN PARAMETER KUALITAS BATUBARA PADA AKTIVITAS BARGING PT CARSURIN TANAH MERAH COAL TERMINAL DI DESA JANJU, KECAMATAN TANAH GROGOT

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahmat Hafizi ◽  
Uyu Saismana ◽  
Annisa Annisa
Keyword(s):  
Calorific Value ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Fixed Carbon ◽  
Total Sulphur

Dalam pemanfaatannya, batubara harus diketahui terlebih dahulu kualitasnya dengan cara melakukan pengamilan sample dan analisis laboratorium.dari kegiatan terseut di peroleh parameter kualitas batuara seperti parameter moisture berupa total moisture (TM) dan inherent moisture (IM),  total sulphur (TS), ash content, volatile matter (VM), dan  fixed carbon (FC) serta calorific value (CV)  dan. Permasalahan yang timbul dari penelitian yang dilakuakn berupa adanya perbedaan kualitas batubara pada stockpile dengan kualitas batubara yang di barge, karena itu perlu dilakukan analisa perubahan parameter yang terjadi akibat aktivitas tersebut sehingga dimungkinkan untuk memprediksi perubahan yanga terjadi.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan melakukan analisa parameter kualitas batubara pada stockpile dan membandingkan dengan hasil analisa parameter kualitas batubara di stockpiledengan kualitas batubara di barge berdasarkan hasil analisa kualitas di laboraturium, serta menganalisa pengaruh perubahan antara parameter kualitas batubara yang satu dengan yang lainnya pada kedua lokasi tersebut. Dilakukan secara lansung dilapangan untuk melihat metode pengambilan sampel dan preparasi sampel sebelum dianalisa parameternya selama bulan Mei Tahun 2017.Adapun perbedaan parameter kualitas batubara di stockpile dan barge memiliki rata-rata perbedaan TM 0.88%, IM 17.64%, ASH 0.10%, TS 0.01%, CV adb 1183.3 cal/gr dan CV ar 42.13 cal/gr. Dengan standart rejection nilai TM (ar) 39%, ASH (adb) 4%, TS (adb) 0,11% dan CV (ar) 3900 Kcal/Kg. Dimana perubahan parameter akibat aktivitas barging pada TM mengalami kenaikan 2.40%, IM sendiri terjadi penurunan 19.79%, ASH kecendrungan turunnya 0.39%, sedangkan TS mengalami kenaikan 0.02% dan CV cendrung alami penurunan 176 Kcal/Kg. Pengaruh perubahan parameter kualitas batubara yang satu dengan yang lainnya dapat disimpulkan parameter TM, ASH dan TS tidak merupakan fator yang pengaruhi nilai CV sedangkan parameter IM lebih berpengaruh dimana turunnya nilai IM sebanding dengan kenaikan nilai CV. Untuk prediksi nilai kualitas batubara setelah kegiatan barging dapat diketahui dengan persamaan linear TM (y=-0.0011x+36.75), IM (y=0.0502x+11.493), ASH (y=-0.046x+3.9983), TS (y=-0.0003x+0.1087) dan CV (y=-1.81ln(x)+3954). Kata-kata Kunci : Tanah Grogot, Inherent Moisture, Proximate, Stockpile, Barge

scholarly journals Impact of Sulphur Content on Coal Quality at Delta Plain Depositional Environment: Case study in Geramat District, Lahat Regency, South Sumatra

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
Siska Linda Sari ◽  
Mutia Armilia Rahmawati ◽  
Alan Triyoga ◽  
Idar Wati
Keyword(s):  
Depositional Environment ◽  
Sedimentary Environment ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Sulphur Content ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Geological Condition ◽  
Delta Plain ◽  
Total Sulphur

The research was conducted in Geramat District of Lahat Regency, South Sumatra. An evaluation of the geological condition of the research area shown that the coal deposits were found in Muara Enim Formation as a coal-bearing formation. The method used was literature study, field observation and the laboratory work includes proximate and petrography analysis. The aim of this research is to determine the environmental condition of coal based on the change of total sulphur content and to know the relation between ash content to calorific value.  As the result of proximate analysis conducted on five samples of coal, the research area obtained total sulphur (0,21-1,54% adb), ash content (3,16 - 71,11% adb) and gross calorific value (953 - 5676 cal/g. adb). Based on the result of maceral analysis showed the maceral percentage of coal in research area composed by vitrinite (77,8-87,4 %), liptinite (0,6 %), inertinite (8,0 – 17,6 %) and mineral matter concentration in the form of pyrite (1,6-4,6 %). The average reflectance value of vitrinite (Rv) of coal in the research area (0.54%). the results analysis shows that the coal in Muara Enim Formation on the research area is in the transitional lower delta plain depositional environment phase. Any changes in the sedimentary environment affected by sea water will be followed by changes in total sulphur and the higher ash content, on the contrary, the lower calorific value of the coal.

Energetic properties of peat saturated with petroleum products

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-109
Author(s):  
E. S. Dremicheva
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Motor Oil ◽  
Initial Sample

This paper presents a method of sorption using peat for elimination of emergency spills of crude oil and petroleum products and the possibility of energy use of oil-saturated peat. The results of assessment of the sorbent capacity of peat are presented, with waste motor oil and diesel fuel chosen as petroleum products. Natural peat has been found to possess sorption properties in relation to petroleum products. The sorbent capacity of peat can be observed from the first minutes of contact with motor oil and diesel fuel, and significantly depends on their viscosity. For the evaluation of thermal properties of peat saturated with petroleum products, experimental studies have been conducted on determination of moisture and ash content of as-fired fuel. It is shown that adsorbed oil increases the moisture and ash content of peat in comparison with the initial sample. Therefore, when intended for energy use, peat saturated with petroleum products is to be subjected to additional drying. Simulation of net calorific value has been performed based on the calorific values of peat and petroleum products with different ratios of petroleum product content in peat and for a saturated peat sample. The obtained results are compared with those of experiments conducted in a calorimetric bomb and recalculated for net calorific value. A satisfactory discrepancy is obtained, which amounts to about 12%. Options have been considered providing for combustion of saturated peat as fuel (burnt per se and combined with a solid fuel) and processing it to produce liquid, gaseous and solid fuels. Peat can be used to solve environmental problems of elimination of emergency spills of crude oil and petroleum products and as an additional resource in solving the problem of finding affordable energy.

scholarly journals Reduction of Ash Content in Raw Coal Using Acids and Alkali

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1254-1257 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. H. Shivaprasad ◽  
M. M. Nagabhushana ◽  
C. Venkataiah
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Coal Sample ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Subsequent Removal ◽  
Inorganic Matter ◽  
Leaching Experiments

Ash, an inorganic matter present in coal is amenable for dissolution using suitable reagents. Thus the dissolution of ash and its subsequent removal reduces the release of many toxic elements into the environment by coal based industries. Removal of ash also enhances the calorific value. In the present investigation an attempt has been made to reduce the ash content of raw coal obtained from nearest thermal power by using hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide. A series of leaching experiments were conducted on coal of different size fractions by varying the parameters like concentration, temperature and time of leaching. The results indicate that it is possible to remove nearly 75% of ash from coal sample by leaching.

Potensi Nilai Kalor Biomassa Dari Ampas Tebu (Bagasse) Yang Bersumber Dari Penjual Minuman Sari Tebu Di Kota Pontianak

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Wahyudi ◽  
Muhammad Ivanto ◽  
Murti Juliandari
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Sugarcane Juice ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Supply Problem ◽  
Direct Data

Dependence on the provision of electricity using fossil fuels is a major energy supply problem in Indonesia. Therefore, it is necessary to provide new and renewable alternative fuels that are effective, efficient, and environmentally friendly. One of the alternative fuels is bagasse biomass. The purpose of this study was to determine the amount of bagasse produced by sellers of sugarcane juice drink in Pontianak City, in order to determine the estimated value of bagasse. The research method used was direct data collection and laboratory testing . Based on the results of the study, the number of vendors of sugarcane juice beverages producing bagasse was 169. Of this amount, produce bagasse that can reach 1,030.9 kg/day. Based on the test results, the estimated moisture content of bagasse was 3.28%, ash content was 0.77%, and carbon remained at 7.65%. So, if converted with the test results of the calorific value of bagasse and made into briquettes bagasse (bio briquettes), which is 19,648 kJ/kg with a density of 0.416 kg/m3, then converted into a potential calorific value of 242,849,280 J/year.

scholarly journals SIMULASI COAL BLENDING PADA KEGIATAN BARGING BATUBARA DI PT DUA SAMUDERA PERKASA

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Frans Sutrisno Lebangan ◽  
Agus Triantoro ◽  
Uyu Saismana ◽  
Annisa Annisa
Keyword(s):  
Calorific Value ◽  
Total Sulphur ◽  
Coal Blending

PT Dua Samudera Perkasa adalah salah satu usaha pengelolaan pelabuhan, merupakan usaha yang sangat mendukung kelancaran dan kecepatan distribusi hasil tambang. Adanya permintaan produk batubara yang tidak dimiliki, sehingga perusahaanpun berinisiatif untuk melakukan pencampuran batubara. Tujuannya adalah agar produk batubara dari perusahaan tersebut dapat terjual sesuai dengan permintaan pembeli.Upaya yang dilakukan adalah dengan melakukan pemisahan terhadap beberapa tipe batubara yang berbeda kualitasnya yang disediakan oleh PT Dua Samudera Perkasa. Mencoba melakukan simulasi coal blending dengan menggunakan perhitungan dengan cara teoritik untuk mengetahui nilai kualitas serta kuantitas batubara yang diinginkan oleh pembeli. Permintaan pembeli untuk nilai kualitas batubara adalah CV 5.500 Kcal/Kg, TM ≤ 38%, TS ≤ 1%, dan Ash  ≤ 8%, serta dengan kuantitas sebesar 55.000 ton.Dari hasil simulasi blending untuk semua tipe batubara yaitu dari tipe 1 hingga tipe 4 batubara, maka didapatkan pada simulasi tipe 1 dan tipe 3 menghasilkan 2 produk batubara, pada tipe 1 dan tipe 4 menghasilkan 5 produk batubara, dan pada simulas tipe 2 dan 4 menghasilkan 4 produk batubara dengan nilai calorific value, total moisture, total sulphur dan Ash yang sesuai dengan kriteria pembeli dan 9 produk lainnya tidak sesuai dengan kriteria permintaan pembeli. Dari semua produk yang telah didapatkan, maka diperoleh juga hasil simulasi yang paling direkomendasikan, yaitu pada simulasi batubara tipe 1 dan tipe 4 dengan nilai kalori 5.300 kcal/kg dan penggunaan batubaranya untuk tipe 1 sebesar 41.733 ton dan tipe 4 sebesar 13.267 ton, sehingga didapatkan harga dasar Rp. 259.859/ton. Dilihat dari harga dasar yang diperoleh dengan harga jual yang telah ditetapkan perusahaan sebesar Rp. 355.000/ton maka perusahaan memperoleh keuntungan maksimal sebesar Rp. 95.141/ton. Kata-kata kunci: Batubara, Tipe Batubara, Blending, Simulasi. 

scholarly journals Valorization of briquettes fuel using Pinus spp. sawdust from five regions of Mexico

BioResources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 2249-2263
Author(s):  
María Alejandra Ramírez-Ramírez ◽  
Artemio Carrillo-Parra ◽  
Faustino Ruíz-Aquino ◽  
Luis Fernando Pintor-Ibarra ◽  
Nicolás González-Ortega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Fixed Carbon ◽  
Volumetric Expansion ◽  
Pinus Spp ◽  
The Impact

This research characterized briquettes made with Pinus spp. sawdust without the use of additives. For this purpose, 19 samples of sawdust from different wood industries located in five states of the Mexican Republic were used. The densification process was carried out in a vertical hydraulic piston laboratory briquette machine. The briquettes were made with 40 g of sawdust, at 50 °C, 20 kPa and pressing for 5 min. The results obtained varied as follows: moisture content (4.1% to 7.2%), density (813.9 to 1,014.4 kg/m3), volumetric expansion (7.4% to 37.3%), compressive strength (4.9 to 40.8 N/mm), impact resistance index (46.7% to 200%), ash (0.1% to 1.1%), volatile matter (82.9% to 90.7%), fixed carbon (8.9% to 16.4%), and calorific value (20.5 to 22.8 MJ/kg). The density of the briquettes was within the “acceptable” classification (800 to 1,200 kg/m3). It was observed that, the higher the density, the lower the volumetric expansion, the higher the compressive strength, and the higher the impact resistance index. According to the ash content, the briquettes could achieve international quality. Due to high volatile matter values, rapid combustion of the briquettes with little generation of toxic smoke would be expected. Fixed carbon and calorific value results were acceptable.

scholarly journals Sedimentology and Economic Significance of Hangu Formation, Northwest Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
Kamil Ahmed Qureshi ◽  
Muhammad Raza Shah ◽  
Ishaque Ali Meerani ◽  
Shah Fahad ◽  
Hamid Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coal Seam ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Chemical Study ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Carbonaceous Shale ◽  
Sedimentary Structures ◽  
Economic Significance ◽  
Quartz Arenite

The Hangu Formation (Paleocene) consists of sandstone, siltstone, carbonaceous shale, coal and laterite. It is well exposed in the Trans Indus Surghar range and the southern Hazara basin. The sandstone is yellowish brown, fine to coarse grained and medium to thick bedded. The sandstone of the Hangu Formation is classified as quartz arenite on the Q-F-L diagram. It is mostly grain supported and are cemented by silica cement. The study of different stratigraphic sections reveal that Hangu Formation can be sub-divided into a number of lithofacies on the basis of sedimentary structures and lithological variations. These include lateritic lithofacies, coal and carbonaceous shale, cross-bedded sandstone, bioclastic limestone and bioturbated sandstone. All these lithofacies are well-developed in the Baroch Nala section of the Surghar range except the lateritic lithofacies which contains a thin bed of ferruginous clay. In the studied sections of the Hazara basin, the lateritic lithofacies is the only well-developed lithofacies present in the area. The coal occurs at two stratigraphic levels in the Baroch Nala section. The lower coal seam is thick and its chemical study indicates higher calorific value and carbon content than the upper coal seam and with low moisture/ash content. On the basis of the calorific value, the coal of the Hangu Formation is characterized as high volatile bituminous. The degree of laterization is strong in the Langrial and Khanpur sections and moderate in Baroch Nala section.

scholarly journals A Feasibility Study Evaluating the Efficiency of Fine Coal Washing Using Gravity Separation Methods

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 497
Author(s):  
Agnes Modiga ◽  
Ndabenhle Sosibo ◽  
Nirdesh Singh ◽  
Getrude Marape
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Gravity Separation ◽  
Export Market ◽  
Heavy Liquid ◽  
High Mass ◽  
Fine Coal ◽  
Classifier Performance ◽  
Uranium Industry

Coal mining and washing activities in South Africa often lead to the generation of fine and ultra-fine coal which is in most cases discarded due to high handling and transportation costs. Studies conducted revealed that a large quantity of these fines have market acceptable calorific values and lower ash contents. In order to reduce fines discarded, processes have been developed to re-mine and process the fine coal discards with the aim of improving the calorific value, adding them to coarse washed coal to increase the yield as well as pelletizing the fines so as to meet the market specifications in terms of size. The goal of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of fine coal washing using gravity separation methods and comparing the products thereof to the market specifications with regards to the calorific value and the ash content. Coal fines from the No.4 lower seam of the Witbank coalfield in South Africa resulting from a dry coal sorting plant were subjected to a double-stage spiral test work, heavy liquid separation and reflux classifier test work respectively. The reflux classifier achieved products with low ash content and an increased calorific value, at high mass yields. At higher fluidization water flowrate, the reflux classifier performance was superior to that of the spirals with products of lower ash content and higher calorific value. At low cut point densities, heavy liquid separation yielded the cleanest products with very low ash content but at much lower mass yields. As the density increased, the mass yields increased with the ash content while the calorific value decreased. Most of the products from the different processes met most of the local industries’ specifications but none of them met the export market as well as the gold and uranium industry specifications due to the high ash content.

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