scholarly journals KOMPOSISI DAN STRUKTUR VEGETASI DALAM POTENSINYA SEBAGAI PARAMETER HIDROLOGI DAN EROSI

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Naharuddin Naharuddin
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Combination Method ◽  
Vegetation Composition ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Wide Lane ◽  
Wide Line ◽  
Hydrological Parameter ◽  
Very High ◽  
Rain Interception

The magnitude of the rain interception by the canopy is largely determined by vegetation composition and stratification. The kinetic energy of raindrops changes because the role of the vegetation part inhibits the rate of rainwater. This study aims to determine the composition and structure of vegetation in its potency as a parameter of hydrology and soil erosion. This study used a combination method between the pathway and the way the line is laid out on a sample unit which is a 200 m wide line and 20 m wide lane on each right of the river. In that path, the pots are made continuously. The results showed that vegetation composition in upstream sub region of Miu River Basin was higher than the middle and downstream areas of 19-44 species, 13-22 tribes and individual / ha 112-693 (upstream) respectively. 11-20 species, 8-13 tribes and individuals / ha 83-192 (center), 8-15 species, 6-12 tribes and individuals / ha 60-73 (downstream). The potency of vegetation as a hydrological parameter and soil erosion in Miu Sub-District is very high, which is dominated by Ficus spp. (Moraceae) with stratification of 4 levels, namely B, C, D, and E.Keywords: Composition; vegetation; watershedBesarnya intersepsi hujan oleh tajuk sangat ditentukan oleh komposisi dan stratifikasi vegetasi. Energi kinetik dari tetesan air hujan berubah karena peran bagian-bagian vegetasi yang menghambat laju air hujan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komposisi dan struktur vegetasi dalam potensinya sebagai parameter hidrologi dan erosi tanah.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kombinasi antara cara jalur dan cara garis berpetak pada unit contoh yang berbentuk jalur sepanjang 200 m dan lebar jalur 20 m pada masing-masing kiri kanan sungai, pada jalur tersebut dibuat plot-plot berpetak secara kontinu. Hasil penelitian menunjukan komposisi jenis vegetasi pada wilayah hulu Sub DAS Miu lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan wilayah tengah dan hilir masing-masing sebesar 19-44 jenis, 13-22 suku dan individu/ha 112-693 (hulu). 11-20 jenis, 8-13 suku dan individu/ha 83-192 (tengah). 8-15 jenis, 6-12 suku dan individu/ha 60-73 (hilir). Potensi vegetasi sebagai parameter hidrologi dan erosi tanah di Sub DAS Miu sangat tinggi yang didominasi jenis Ficus spp. (Moraceae), dengan stratifikasi 4 tingkatan yaitu B, C , D, dan E.Kata Kunci: Komposisi, vegetasi, daerah aliran sungai

THE ROLE OF GRASSLAND IN MANAGEMENT

1968 ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
B.K. Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Average Annual Rainfall ◽  
Very High ◽  
Wilting Point

THE PROPERTY to be discussed is a mixed sheep and cropping unit, situated ei ht a miles east of Ashburton and midway between the Ra aia and the Ashburton rivers. Average annual rainfall is 27 in., evenly spread, but there is very high summer evaporation and therefore frequent droughts. On average, the soil is below wilting point for 40 to 50 days each summer. Winters are cold with the soil temperature being below 48°F for about four months each year. The soil is a Lismore stony silt loam averaging 9 in. in depth over gravel.

Role of Vasavaleha in the management of Covid19

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 259-261
Author(s):  
Aamir Khan ◽  
Rajni K. Gurmule
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Spreading Rate ◽  
Host Immune System ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Antitussive Effect ◽  
Corona Viruses ◽  
Very High

Vasavaleha is one of the best medicine given for respiratory diseases. Corona viruses typically affect the respiratory system, causing symptoms such as coughing, fever and shortness of breath. It also affects host immune system of human body. Spreading rate of this disease is very high. Whole world is seeking for the treatment which can uproots this diseases. There in no vaccine available till date against this pandemic disease. Ayurveda mainly focuses on prevention of diseases alongwith its total cure. Rajyakshma Vyadhi is MadhyamMarga Roga as per Ayurveda. It shows many symptoms such as Kasa, Shwasa etc. By overall view of Covid 19, shows its resemblance with Rajyakshma Vyadhi described in Ayurveda. Vasavaleha is a Kalpa which is described in Rogadhikara of Rajyakshma. It shows Kasahara, Shwashara properties. It consists of Vasa, Pipalli, Madhu and Goghrita. These components shows actions like bronchodilation, antitussive effect and many more other actions. Pipalli shows important Rasayana effect. So in present review, we have tried to focus on role of Vasavaleha in the management of Covid 19. This can be used as preventive as well as adjuvant medication in treating Covid 19. There is need of further clinical research to rule of exact action of Vasavaleha against Covid 19.

Long-term dynamics and destruction of marsh vegetation in the Kolokolkova Bay of the Barents Sea

2012 ◽  
pp. 66-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Lavrinenko ◽  
O. V. Lavrinenko ◽  
D. V. Dobrynin
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Barents Sea ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Marsh Vegetation ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Species Composition And Structure

The satellite images show that the area of marshes in the Kolokolkova bay was notstable during the period from 1973 up to 2011. Until 2010 it varied from 357 to 636 ha. After a severe storm happened on July 24–25, 2010 the total area of marshes was reduced up to 43–50 ha. The mean value of NDVI for studied marshes, reflecting the green biomass, varied from 0.13 to 0.32 before the storm in 2010, after the storm the NDVI decreased to 0.10, in 2011 — 0.03. A comparative analysis of species composition and structure of plant communities described in 2002 and 2011, allowed to evaluate the vegetation changes of marshes of the different topographic levels. They are fol­lowing: a total destruction of plant communities of the ass. Puccinellietum phryganodis and ass. Caricetum subspathaceae on low and middle marches; increasing role of halophytic species in plant communities of the ass. Caricetum glareosae vic. Calamagrostis deschampsioides subass. typicum on middle marches; some changes in species composition and structure of plant communities of the ass. Caricetum glareosae vic. Calamagrostis deschampsioides subass. festucetosum rubrae on high marches and ass. Parnassio palustris–Salicetum reptantis in transition zone between marches and tundra without changes of their syntaxonomy; a death of moss cover in plant communities of the ass. Caricetum mackenziei var. Warnstorfia exannulata on brackish coastal bogs. The possible reasons of dramatic vegetation dynamics are discussed. The dating of the storm makes it possible to observe the directions and rates of the succession of marches vegetation.

Board of Director Characteristics, Institutional Ownership, and Fraud: Evidence from Australia

2004 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vineeta D. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Research Evidence ◽  
Institutional Ownership ◽  
Board Of Director ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
The Board Of Directors ◽  
Director Characteristics ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The U.S

Due to the high incidence of fraud in Australia, regulatory reports suggest strengthening the monitoring role of the board of directors (BOD). These reports recommend greater independence and no duality (chairperson of the BOD should not be the CEO) on the BOD. While there is no Australian evidence, research evidence in the U.S. supports these suggested reforms. It is not clear whether the research evidence observed in the U.S. will generalize to the Australian setting because of contextual differences. This study extends the U.S. findings to the Australian context and investigates the relationship between two attributes of the BOD, independence and duality, and fraud. In addition, I examine whether institutional ownership plays a role in the context of fraud. The more highly concentrated institutional ownership in Australia suggests the presence of some relationship. Using a matched sample of fraud and no-fraud firms from 1988–2000, I find that as the percentage of independent directors and the percentage of independent institutional ownership increases, the likelihood of fraud decreases. As expected, the results show a positive relationship between duality and the likelihood of fraud. These results support the call for strengthening the composition and structure of the BOD in Australia.

Highly sinter-active nanocrystalline RE2O3 (RE = Gd, Eu, Dy) by a combustion process, and role of oxidant-to-fuel ratio in preparing their different crystallographic modifications

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 587-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Bedekar ◽  
S.V. Chavan ◽  
A.K. Tyagi
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Process ◽  
Sintering Behavior ◽  
Stoichiometric Ratio ◽  
Monoclinic Modification ◽  
Fuel Ratio ◽  
Metal Nitrates ◽  
Powder Properties ◽  
Very High ◽  
Scanning Electron

Highly sinter-active powders of RE2O3 [rare earth (RE) = Gd, Eu, Dy] have been prepared using the corresponding metal nitrates as the oxidants, and glycine and citric acid as the fuels. Two different oxidant-to-fuel ratios, namely stoichiometric ratio and fuel-deficient ratio were used to explore the possibility of preparing different crystallographic modifications. By a careful control of oxidant-to-fuel ratio, nanocrystalline Eu2O3 and Gd2O3 could be prepared in cubic (C-type) as well as monoclinic (B-type) modifications. However, the high-temperature monoclinic modification could not be obtained for Dy2O3 due to a very high C-to-B-type phase transition temperature. The crystallite size, surface area, and sintering behavior were also studied for powders prepared using different oxidant-to-fuel ratios, and the results showed a remarkable correlation between different fuel contents and powder properties. Some of these powders resulted in pellets of nearly theoretical density. The sintered microstructure was studied by scanning electron microscopy.

Agresivitatea pluvială și periculozitatea exceselor pluviometrice în posibilitatea declanșării proceselor erozionale

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Nedealcov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Atmospheric Precipitation ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Soil Particles

Excessive amounts of atmospheric precipitation can cause intense soil erosion, landslides, inundation and floods. Torrential rains have the force to displace and transport soil particles, so the risk of soil erosion becomes real, as many times as atmospheric precipitations have a devastating character. In this context, it is extremely useful to know the particularities of the torrential rains in the current regional climate. At this stage, the Fournier (IF) pluvial aggression index is becoming more and more prevalent. This paper is dedicated to the use of this index with the pluviometric Excess Danger index (IPP) developed at regional level. The results obtained show close concordance between these indices for temporal estimations. Spatial analyzes highlight the role of slopes' orientation in distributing the pluviometric Excess Danger index and slopes' degree of inclination in the case of the Fournier pluvial aggression index. The results obtained are useful in the efficient use of agricultural land and in the elaboration of measures for the improvement of degraded soils.

scholarly journals Expanding the breadth of Medicare: learning from Australia

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 344-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Duckett
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Universal Coverage ◽  
Allied Health Professionals ◽  
Australian Health ◽  
Division Of Powers ◽  
Medicare Programme ◽  
High Level ◽  
Very High ◽  
Health Programmes

AbstractThe design of Australia’s Medicare programme was based on the Canadian scheme, adapted somewhat to take account of differences in the constitutional division of powers in the two countries and differences in history. The key elements are very similar: access to hospital services without charge being the core similarity, universal coverage for necessary medical services, albeit with a variable co-payment in Australia, the other. But there are significant differences between the two countries in health programmes – whether or not they are labelled as ‘Medicare’. This paper discusses four areas where Canada could potentially learn from Australia in a positive way. First, Australia has had a national Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme for almost 70 years. Second, there have been hesitant extensions to Australia’s Medicare to address the increasing prevalence of people with chronic conditions – extensions which include some payments for allied health professionals, ‘care coordination’ payments, and exploration of ‘health care homes’. Third, Australia has a much more extensive system of support for older people to live in their homes or to move into supported residential care. Fourth, Australia has gone further in driving efficiency in the hospital sector than has Canada. Finally, the paper examines aspects of the Australian health care system that Canada should avoid, including the very high level of out-of-pocket costs, and the role of private acute inpatient provision.

scholarly journals Technique for describing woody vegetation composition and structure in inventory type classification, ordination and animal habitat surveys

Koedoe ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Coetzee ◽  
W. P.D. Gertenbach
Keyword(s):  
Growth Form ◽  
Canopy Cover ◽  
Vegetation Composition ◽  
Quadrat Size ◽  
Class A ◽  
Height Class ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Type Classification ◽  
Vegetation Composition And Structure ◽  
Animal Habitat

Woody structure and composition is recorded to provide for calculating per species, stem growth form and height class: (a) canopy regime at different height levels; (b) total projected canopy cover; and (c) density. Quadrat size is determined independently at each site for each height class to suit the density and distribution of plants.

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