scholarly journals IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA HASIL TRANSESTERIFIKASI MINYAK GORENG BEKAS TERKATALISIS KALSIUM OKSIDA DAN PENGARUHNYA PADA KARAKTERISTIK BIODIESEL

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Ika Kusuma Nugraheni ◽  
Kurnia Dwi Artika ◽  
Rusuminto Syahyuniar
Keyword(s):  
Octadecenoic Acid

Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai identifikasi senyawa hasil transesterifikasi minyak goreng bekas terkatalisis CaO. Transesterifikasi dilakukan untuk mengubah minyak goreng bekas yang hingga saat ini belum termanfaatkan, menjadi bahan bakar biodiesel. Kalsium Oksida (CaO) yang merupakan katalis heterogen dan mudah didapat digunakan sebagai katalis dalam penelitian ini. CaO diaktivasi secara fisika dengan dikalsinasi pada suhu 550-950 OC selama 4 jam. Transesterifikasi dilakukan menggunakan methanol dengan rasio molar minyak : methanol 1:12.  Variasi katalis yang ditambahkan sebesar 1%, 2,5%, 5%, 7,5% dan 10% dari berat minyak. Transesterifikasi dilakukan pada sistem refluks dengan suhu pemanasan 60 oC selama 30 menit dan didiamkan 24 jam. Metil ester yang dihasilkan dianalisis menggunakan GCMS untuk diketahui kandungan senyawanya dan diuji nilai densitas dan viskositasnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persentase terbesar kandungan senyawa metil ester yang dihasilkan adalah golongan asam palmitat (asam heksadekanoat) dan asam oleat (9-octadecenoic acid). Adanya  senyawa tertinggi ini tidak memberikan pengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai densitas dan viskositas Biodiesel

Chemical composition of Azadirachta indica A. Juss and Ricinus communis Linn. seed oils growing in Marigat, Baringo County, Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Kiplagat Jepkorir ◽  
Charles Maina Irungu ◽  
Philip Bett Kendagor
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Ricinoleic Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Seed Oils ◽  
Octadecanoic Acid ◽  
Alkyd Resins ◽  
Natural Remedies

All parts of A. indica (neem) and R. communis (castor) plants have mostly been used as natural remedies in the control and treatment of several ailments, control of pests and insects, animal feeds and production of industrial products globally. The seed oils of A. indica and R. communis are known to have antidiabetic, anti-helminthic, antifertility, antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, insecticidal and mosquitocidal activity. This study reports for the first time the chemical composition of A. indica and R. communis seed oils from Marigat, Baringo County, Kenya. Seed oils of A. indica and R. communis were   extracted from mature dried seeds through cold pressing and boiling respectively and chemical composition determined using Gas Chromatography (GC)-Mass Spectrometry (MS).  The constituents of both seed oils were dominated by saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, cyclic esters and methyl esters. The predominant constituents of R. communis were (Z)-6-Octadecenoic acid (37.33%), Ricinoleic acid (30.22%) and 13-Hexyloxacyclotridec-10-en-2-one (26.67%) while those of A. indica were 2-hexyl-1-decanol (30.97%), Octadecanoic acid (29.69%) and Oxalic acid, 6-ethyloct-3-yl ethyl ester (15.55%). Oils contained Hexadecanoic acid and Octadecanoic acid which are used in the manufacture of several products such as candles, soaps, lotions, perfumes and cosmetics. Octadecenoic acid is important in control of human diseases and Ricinoleic acid in production of alkyd resins for surface coating and biofuel.  From the results, A. indica and R. communis seed oils constituents have potential in the agricultural, industrial, comestics and pharmaceutical sectors but require further fractionation to isolate the bioactive compounds.

Characterization of Aeromonas genomic species by using quinone, polyamine, and fatty acid patterns

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 844-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Kämpfer ◽  
Klaus Blasczyk ◽  
Georg Auling
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Hexadecenoic Acid ◽  
Genomic Species ◽  
Great Homogeneity ◽  
Hydroxylated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Patterns ◽  
Chemotaxonomic Study

A chemotaxonomic study was carried out on representative strains of 13 Aeromonas genomic species. Quinone, polyamine, and fatty acid patterns were found to be very useful for an improved characterization of the genus and an improved differentiation from members of the families Enterobacteriaceae and Vibrionaceae. The Q-8-benzoquinone was the predominant ubiquinone, and putrescine and diaminopropane were the major poly amines of the genus. The fatty acid patterns of 181 strains, all characterized by DNA–DNA hybridization, showed a great homogeneity within the genus, with major amounts of hexadecanoic acid (16:0), hexadecenoic acid (16:1), and octadecenoic acid (18:1), and minor amounts of the hydroxylated fatty acids (3-OH 13:0, 2-OH 14:0, 3-OH 14:0) in addition to some iso and anteiso branched fatty acids (i-13:0, i-17:1, i-17:0, and a-17:0). Although some differences in fatty acid profiles between the genomic species could be observed, a clearcut differentiation of all species was not possible.Key words: Aeromonas, polyamines, quinones, fatty acids, differentiation.

Depot fatty acids of Aberdeen Angus and Friesian cattle reared on hay and barley diets

1977 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 575-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. M. F. Leat
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Hexadecenoic Acid ◽  
Friesian Cattle

SummaryAberdeen Angus and Friesian cattle were reared from 4 months of age to slaughter weight at 18–24 months on either high-barley or high-hay diets. Samples of subcutaneous fat were taken by biopsy at 3 monthly intervals, and the degree of fatness of each animal was estimated ultrasonically prior to slaughter, and by visual inspection of the carcasses.The barley-fed animals gained weight more rapidly, and fattened more quickly than the hay-fed animals with the Angus being fatter than the Friesian at the same age. The percentage stearic acid (C18:0) in subcutaneous fat decreased with age and was replaced by octadecenoic acid (C18:l) and hexadecenoic acid (C16:l), these changes being more rapid in barley-fed than in hay-fed animals. At the same degree of fatness the depot fats of the Friesians were more unsaturated than those of the Angus, and in both breeds the fatter the animal the more unsaturated was its depot fat.In the hay-fed cattle the percentage C16:0 in subcutaneous fat increased during the last half of the experiment and at slaughter the percentage C16:0 was significantly higher, and C18:l significantly lower, in all depot fats compared with those of the barley-fed animals.It is concluded that the fatty acid composition of bovine depot fats is modulated by the degree of fattening, and can be affected by diet.

Transformations of 12,13-Epoxy-ll-hydroxy-9-octadecenoic Acid and 4,5-Epoxy-N-acetylsphingosine by Incubation with Liver Homogenate and Liver Microsomes

2000 ◽  
Vol 55 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 981-986
Author(s):  
Alexander Möllenberg ◽  
Gerhard Spiteller
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Human Liver ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Liver Microsomes ◽  
Liver Homogenate ◽  
Human Liver Microsomes ◽  
Porcine Liver ◽  
Hydrolyzing Enzymes

Transformation of 12,13-epoxy-11-hydroxy-9-octadecenoic acid and 4,5-epoxy-N-acetylsphingosine by addition of porcine liver homogenate and human liver microsomes, respectively was investigated. Both epoxides were converted to corresponding dioles by porcine liver homogenate, but not by human liver microsomes, suggesting location of the hydrolyzing enzymes not in the microsomes, but within the cell wall.

scholarly journals Synthesis of 15-Octadecenoic Acid

1951 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. 619-621
Author(s):  
Yoshiyuki Toyama ◽  
Tsutomu Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Octadecenoic Acid

A new furan carboxamide and two potential precursors from a terrestrial streptomycete

2017 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Humaira Naureen ◽  
Michel Feussi Tala ◽  
Khaled A. Shaaban ◽  
Mohamed Shaaban ◽  
Anja Schüffler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Acid Amide ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Tetradecanoic Acid ◽  
Vinyl Phenol ◽  
New Compounds

Abstract Three new bioactive metabolites, 1,6-dihydroxy- 2-methyl-heptan-4-one (1), 4-hydroxy-1-(2-methyl-oxiranyl)- pentan-2-one (2), and 2-(2-hydroxy-propyl)-4-methylfuran- 3-carboxylic acid amide (3) were isolated from the terrestrial Streptomyces sp. isolate ANK245, along with the new microbial constituent p-vinylanisol (4a) and the known metabolites p-vinyl-phenol (4b) and phenethyl alcohol. Analysis of the nonpolar part of the extract by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) provided further evidence for tetradecanoic acid, 9-octadecenoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol (4c), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-benzaldehyde, o-hydroxybiphenyl, and 1,5,9-trimethyl-4,8,13-cyclotetradecatrien-1,3-diol (5). Structures 1–3 of the new compounds were elucidated by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and NMR spectroscopy, but mass spectrometry (MS) techniques and their absolute configuration were determined by density functional theory (DFT) calculations and Mosher derivatisation. Their antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities were evaluated in comparison with the crude bacterial extract.

scholarly journals Differences in the metabolism of esterified and unesterified linoleic acid by rumen micro-organisms

1969 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 869-878 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Moore ◽  
R. C. Noble ◽  
W. Steele ◽  
J. W. Czerkawski
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Micro Organisms ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Maize Oil

1. Sheep were given intraruminal infusions of maize oil or linoleic acid and samples of contents were taken from the rumen and abomasum at different times after the infusions. Hydrolysis of the maize oil occurred in the rumen with the production of mono- and di-glycerides as intermediates. Linoleic acid derived from the maize oil was hydrogenated to stearic acid. When linoleic acid was infused into the rumen, little or no stearic acid was produced and octadecenoic acid accumulated.2. When linoleic acid or maize oil was incubated with rumen contents in an artificial rumen and samples of the reaction mixtures were taken from the apparatus after various time intervals, the results were similar to those obtained in vivo, except that the hydrolysis of maize oil did not give rise to mono- and di-glycerides.3. These results are discussed in relation to previous findings on the effects of intraruminal infusions of maize oil or linoleic acid on the fatty acid composition of the blood triglycerides of sheep.

scholarly journals GC-MS ANALYSIS AND ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF METHANOLIC ROOT EXTRACT OF Chenopodium album AGAINST Sclerotium rolfsii

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. ALI ◽  
A. JAVAID ◽  
A. SHOAIB
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Malt Extract ◽  
Ms Analysis

ABSTRACT Sclerotium rolfsii is a soil-borne fungal plant pathogen that causes diseases in more than 500 plant species. Chemical fungicides used to control this disease cause environmental pollution, therefore, plant derived compounds can be used as alternative to synthetic fungicides to reduce environmental pollution. Chenopodium album is a weed of family Chenopodiaceae that is used as food and also has medicinal importance. In the present study, antifungal activity of methanolic root extract of C. album was evaluated against S. rolfsii using six concentrations viz. 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 g 100 mL-1 amended in malt extract as growth medium. All the root extract concentrations significantly reduced fungal biomass by 15-58% over control. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the methanolic root extract of C. album was performed. Six compounds were identified in methanolic root extract through GC-MS analysis. The most abundant compound was 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, mono(2-ethylhexyl) ester (58.56%) followed by 9-octadecenoic acid (Z)-, methyl ester (12.75%) and 9-octadecenoic acid (Z)-, methyl ester (10.27%), which might be responsible for antifungal activity of methanolic root extract of C. album.

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