scholarly journals The Сharacter and Development of photoreceptors photodegeneration combined with alloxan diabetes

2002 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
S. V. Logvinov ◽  
E. Yu. Varakuta ◽  
A. V. Potapov
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Alloxan Diabetes ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Alloxan Injection ◽  
Group 1

The aim of the research is to determine the character and development of a alterations in photoreceptors, caused by high-intensity light on the early stage of diabetes mellitus. The methods of light and electron microscopy were used. Experiments were obtained from 80 adult white male rats. The rats of group 1 (n = 20) received 1 injection of alloxan (15 mg per 100 g of weight) in order to model diabetes mellitus. The rats of group 2 (n = 20) were exposed for light of luminecent LB-40 lamps (6000 lx) for 6 hours. The rats of group 3 (n = 20) were exposed to the light with the same parameters 1 month after alloxan injection. The last 20 rats made a control group 4. The rats groups 2 and 3 were sacrifised by decapitation 1, 7, 14, 30 days after the light exposure, the rats of group 1 on the 4, 5, 6, 8 week after the alloxan injection. Light exposure combined with diabetes causes destruction pigment epithelium inner and outer processed of photoreceptors followed by pyknosis of nucleus and replacement by vacial glia. On the 7th day after the exposure local disappearance of according retinal layers was obsevred. In these local sites of the most intensive destruction in group 3 there is 1,6 times more cells with caryopyknosis from in according sites of group 2 (just light exposure) rats. Thus, alloxan diabetes on the early stage of its development (1 month) intensifies light damage of retinal photoreceptors. Probably, increase of oxydative processes and antioxidative systems break down play an important role in this synergetic effect.

Abstract 2488: Correlation Between The Severity Of Diastolic Dysfunction And Cardiac Torsion

Circulation ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Ji Park ◽  
Chinami Miyazaki ◽  
Charles J Bruce ◽  
Diego Bellavia ◽  
Fletcher A Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diastolic Dysfunction ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Mitral Annulus ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Compensatory Mechanism ◽  
Diastolic Velocity ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Backgrounds: Left ventricular torsion (LVtor) is an integral part of systole and untwisting plays an important role in diastole. The aim of this study was to characterize LVtor and untwisting in different grades of diastolic dysfunction. Methods: We studied 135 patients with normal LV EF with various grades of diastolic dysfunction (40 group1:mild,42 group 2:moderate,and 22 group 3:severe dysfunction) and 31 controls with normal diastolic function. Apical and basal short axis rotations were measured by 2D STE. LVtor was defined as net difference between apical and basal rotation. Results: Age, gender, and EF were similar in 3 groups and control. Mitral annulus early diastolic velocity was reduced in all 3 groups (see table ). Peak LVtor was significantly greater in group 1 compared with control, group 2 and group 3. The time from peak LVtor to Mitral valve opening, and to peak early diastolic velocity were significantly delayed in group 1 compared to control (p=0.0030 and 0.0409, respectively). The twisting rate and untwisting rate were found to be highest in group 1. Conclusions: Systolic torsion and diastolic untwisting are significantly increased in patients with mild diastolic dysfunction. In patients with advanced diastolic dysfunction with increased filling pressure, torsion and untwisting are normalized. Hence, vigorous LV torsion appears to be a compensatory mechanism during an early stage of diastolic dysfunction to maintain normal filling in the setting of reduced longitudinal myocardial motion.

scholarly journals Evaluation of anxiety levels of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-94
Author(s):  
Aşkın Evren Güler ◽  
Zeliha Çiğdem Demirel Güler ◽  
Asil Budak ◽  
Buket Koparal ◽  
Özge Şehirli Kıncı
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the anxiety levels of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) followed by different treatment methods. Methods Our study was carried out with 141 cases whose pregnancy follow ups were made in Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic. Cases which had GDM screening with 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were divided into 3 groups. Group 1 (control group) consisted of 50 cases with 75-g OGTT results in normal range, Group 2 consisted of 50 cases which had significant 75-g OGTT results and followed up by diet (A1), and Group 3 consisted of 41 cases which were diagnosed with GDM as a result of 75-g OGTT and received diet as well as medical therapy (A2). Beck anxiety inventory (BAI) was administered to the patients in Group 1 in 24th week, and to patients in Groups 2 and 3 in the 24th and 32nd weeks. Results In the first evaluation of the patients, BAI scores of the control group were statistically found to be significantly lower than the patients with GDM (p=0.001). There was no significant difference in BAI scores among patients diagnosed with GDM, and high anxiety scores were found in both groups. There was a significant decrease in anxiety levels in the Groups 2 and 3 after the treatment (p<0.01). In the Group 2, the BAI scores were observed to decrease from 51.76±4.47 to 45.62±3.65, and from 51.73±5.27 to 41.48±3.29 in the Group 3 (p<0.001). Conclusion In addition to the metabolic disorders brought by the disease itself, GDM can cause various problems by increasing the levels of anxiety in patients. With an effective treatment for glycemic control, anxiety levels of patients can be reduced.

scholarly journals HISTOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF PROXIMAL METAPHYSEAL CARTILAGE OF HUMERUS IN RATS AFTER 60-DAY TARTRAZINE ADMINISTRATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 150-157
Author(s):  
V.I. Luzin ◽  
O.N. Fastova ◽  
V.N. Morozov ◽  
E.N. Morozova ◽  
S.V. Zabolotnaya
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Total Width ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The aim of the research is to study the histological structure of proximal metaphysial cartilage of the humerus in adult rats after 60 days of tartrazine administration (750 mg/kg and 1500 mg/kg body weight). Materials and Methods. The study was carried out on 90 white male rats, divided into 3 groups. In Group 1 (control), animals daily intragastrically received 1ml of 0.9 % isotonic sodium chloride solution for 60 days. Rats of Groups 2 and Group 3 received intragastrically 1ml of tartrazine solution (750 mg/kg and 1500 mg/kg body weight respectively) for 60 days. The readaptation period after the last tartrazine administration was 3, 10, 15, 24, or 45 days. The area of the proximal humerus metaphysis underwent treatment according to the standard histological protocol. The obtained sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and subjected to a subsequent histomorphometric study. Results. On the 3rd day of the readaptation period, the total width of the proximal metaphysial cartilage of the humerus in animals of Group 2, was by 8.59 % less than the values of the control group; the width of the indifferent, proliferating and definitive cartilage was by 6.11 %, 8.85 % and 7.15 % less; the width of the destruction zone was by 11.55 % less; and the width of the osteogenesis zone was by 9.92 % less. The content of primary spongiosis in the osteogenesis zone and the number of cells on the trabeculae surface were lower than the values of Group 1 by 8.45 % and 8.42 % respectively. During the readaptation period, the authors observed similar dynamics of changes in the histomorphometric parameters of the metaphysical cartilage of the humerus with levelling by the 45th day of the experiment. In rats of Group 3, during the entire readaptation period, the histomorphometric parameters changed more significantly and their recovery to control values was slower than in animals of Group 2. Conclusion. 60-day tartrazine administration to adult rats is accompanied by inhibition of the bone formation function of the proximal metaphysial cartilage of the humerus. It is confirmed by a decrease in the width of all its zones and components of the osteogenesis zone. More pronounced in amplitude and duration changes in the parameters studied were recorded in animals treated with tartrazine, 1500 mg/kg body weight. Keywords: humerus, metaphysial cartilage, tartrazine, histomorphometry. Цель исследования. Установить, оказывает ли влияние 60-дневное введение тартразина в дозах 750 и 1500 мг/кг массы тела на гистологическое строение проксимального метафизарного хряща плечевой кости у половозрелых крыс. Материалы и методы. Исследование проведено на 90 белых крысах-самцах, распределенных на 3 группы: 1-я – контрольная, в которой животные ежедневно в течение 60 дней получали физиологический раствор через желудочный зонд; 2-ю и 3-ю группы составили крысы, которые на протяжении 60 дней получали внутрижелудочно 1 мл раствора тартразина в дозах 750 и 1500 мг/кг массы тела соответственно. Сроки периода реадаптации после окончания введения тартразина составляли 3, 10, 15, 24, 45 сут. Проксимальный метафиз плечевой кости подвергался обработке по стандартному гистологическому протоколу. Полученные срезы окрашивались гематоксилин-эозином и подвергались последующему гистоморфометрическому исследованию. Результаты. У животных 2-й группы на 3-й день периода реадаптации общая ширина проксимального метафизарного хряща плечевой кости была меньше значений контрольной группы на 8,59 %, ширина зон индифферентного, пролиферирующего и дефинитивного хряща – на 6,11, 8,85 и 7,15 % меньше, ширина зоны деструкции – на 11,55 %, а ширина зоны остеогенеза – на 9,92 %. Содержание первичной спонгиозы в зоне остеогенеза и количество клеток на поверхности трабекул были меньше значений контрольной группы на 8,45 и 8,42 %. В ходе периода реадаптации сходная динамика изменений гистоморфометрических параметров метафизарного хряща плечевой кости сохранялась с тенденцией к сглаживанию к 45-м сут эксперимента. У крыс 3-й группы в ходе всего периода реадаптации изучаемые параметры изменялись более значимо и их восстановление до контрольных величин происходило медленнее, чем во 2-й группе. Выводы. 60-дневное введение тартразина половозрелым крысам сопровождается угнетением костеобразовательной функции проксимального метафизарного хряща плечевой кости, что подтверждается снижением ширины всех его зон и объемных компонентов зоны остеогенеза. Более выраженные по амплитуде и длительности изменения изучаемых параметров зафиксированы у животных, получавших тартразин в дозе 1500 мг/кг массы тела. Ключевые слова: плечевая кость, метафизарный хрящ, тартразин, гистоморфометрия.

scholarly journals The Effect of Anti Masquito Electric Gas that Consist Allethrin That Influence The Weight and Colour of Rats Liver

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Nurmawanti Nurmawanti ◽  
Ayly Soekanto
Keyword(s):  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The aim of this research is to know the influence of anti mosquito electric gas that consisted Allethrin to the weight and colour of the rats liver. This research used an experimental method with the post test only  control group design.  The subject of this research is male rats weight of 150 grams each and total there was 24 rats that were divided to 4 groups. The first one, the  control groups (PO) was not given any of the gas, the second one, group 1 (P1) was given the gas for 4 hours everday, the third one, group  2 (P2), was given for 6 hours and last, group 3  (P3) was given 8 hours everyday. After later, on  30 Th day, the rats were terminated and being put in a surgery to remove their liver. This data was analyzed using SPPS for windows version 16. To see the differences in weight between the groups, it was analyzed using anova, and  to obtain the discoloration of the rats liver was analyzed using Kruskal Wallis Test. From the statistic tests, it show that there is significant difference in weight and color of liver in the group that α ≤ 0,05. According Anova Test, it shows that there is a significant difference α = 0,034 and from Kruskal Wallis test α = 0,013. In the conclusion anti mosquito electric gas that consist Allethrin affects the weight and the color of rats liver.

INFLUENCE OF THE DURABLE APPLICATION OF PROTONIC PUMP INHIBITORS ON CYTOKINE CONCENTRATION IN RAT BLOOD SERUM

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
pp. 1575-1580
Author(s):  
Serhii V. Pylypenko ◽  
Andrii A. Koval ◽  
Makarchuk V. Viktoria ◽  
Kostiantyn F. Chub
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hcl Secretion ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Group 1

The aim: Of the work was to determine the content of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the blood serum of the control group rats and after 28 days of inhibiting HCl secretion in the stomach by proton pump blockers “Omeprazole” and “Pantoprazole”. Materials and methods: The studies were performed on 30 white non-linear male rats weighing 160-180 g, divided into three groups with 10 animals in each. The control (group 1) were injected intraperitoneally with water for injections within 28 days once a day. Group 2 was administered omeprazole. Group 3 was administered pantoprazole. The concentration of cytokines in the blood serum of rats was determined by the enzyme immunoassay method. For statistic data processing, Student’s t-criterion for independent samples was applied. Results: After prolonged administration of omeprazole and pantoprazole, the blood serum concentrations of IFNγ, TNFα, IL-1 in rats increased by 58.5% and 3.41%, 73.3% and 48.4%, 80.2% and 40.8%, respectively, and IL-12B 40p decreased by 36.6% when using omeprazole and was almost indistinguishable from the control values when pantoprazole was administered. With administration of omeprazole, IL-4 concentration decreased by 39.8% and that of pantoprazole increased by 3.86% compared to the control. Administration of omeprazole and pantoprazole did not affect IL-6 concentration. Conclusion: Inhibition of hydrochloric acid secretion in the stomach of rats for 28 days using omeprazole and pantoprazole led to an imbalance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. The adverse effect of pantoprazole was less pronounced than that of omeprazole.

Toxicity of iron oxide nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles and their mixture on antioxidant enzymes and free radicals in male rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 009-020
Author(s):  
Ahmed Ibrahim Younus ◽  
Mokhtar Ibrahim Yousef ◽  
Maher Abdel-NabiKamel ◽  
Rakhad Alrawi ◽  
Jubran Mohammed Abdulrahman
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

In the present study Wistar male rats were used. Rats were divided into 4 equal groups, 10 rats each. Group 1 served as control, group 2 was administered orally with Fe2O3NPs (5 mg/kg BW; >50 nm), group 3 was treated intraperitoneally with AgNPs (50 mg/kg BW; >100 nm) and group 4 was administered with the mixture of Fe2O3NPs with AgNPs. Animals were treated with the doses every day for 79 days. Results showed significant (P < 0.05) decrease in the antioxidant enzymes (GPX, GST, CAT and SOD) and reduced glutathione (GSH) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), while significant (P < 0.05) increase in thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and nitric oxide (NO) in plasma and testes of rats treated with Fe2O3NPs, AgNPs and their combination compared to control group.

scholarly journals How Do Serum Zonulin Levels Change in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Pregnancy Cholestasis, and the Coexistence of Both Diseases?

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12555
Author(s):  
Huri Güvey ◽  
Samettin Çelik ◽  
Canan Soyer Çalışkan ◽  
Zehra Yılmaz ◽  
Merve Yılmaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
Group 1

We investigated the question of how serum zonulin levels change in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and, in the case of the coexistence of ICP and GDM, evaluated the eventual increase in zonulin plasmatic levels. Participants were enrolled for the study between 25 February 2021 and 20 August 2021. The prospective case-control study included: group 1 of 95 pregnant women diagnosed with ICP; group 2 of 110 pregnant women diagnosed with GDM; group 3 of 16 women diagnosed with both GDM and ICP; group 4 of 136 healthy pregnant women as the control group. The groups were compared in terms of age, body mass index (BMI), gravidity, parity, gestational week of delivery, plasma zonulin levels, delivery type, birth weight, first- and fifth-minute APGAR scores, newborn intensive care unit (NICU) admission, and meconium staining of amniotic fluid parameters. The results suggested that the plasma zonulin levels of ICP (group 1), GDM (group 2), and GDM with ICP (group 3) patients were higher than those of the healthy pregnant women of group 4 (p < 0.001). Among the patient groups, the highest median plasma zonulin levels were found in group 3 (110.33 ng/mL). Zonulin levels were also associated with the severity of ICP and adverse pregnancy outcomes. High serum zonulin levels were related to GDM, ICP, and adverse perinatal outcomes. The coexistence of GDM and ICP led to higher serum zonulin concentrations.

Biomarkers of vascular wall damage in patients with cerebrovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
М.А. Быковская ◽  
А.А. Раскуражев ◽  
А.А. Шабалина ◽  
К.В. Антонова ◽  
М.М. Танашян
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Asymmetric Dimethylarginine ◽  
Vascular Wall ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Normal Body Mass Index ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Введение. Сосудистые осложнения сахарного диабета (СД) являются одной из ведущих причин повышения смертности пациентов трудоспособного возраста. Предполагается, что индуцированный гипергликемией окислительный стресс и нарушение антиоксидантной защиты играют роль в патологическом механизме повреждения сосудов, частично за счет влияния оксида азота (NО). Цель исследования: уточнение взаимосвязей в системах асимметричного диметиларгинина (АДМА) и NO у пациентов с цереброваскулярными заболеваниями (ЦВЗ) на фоне СД 2-го типа (СД-2). Материалы и методы. Обследованы 72 пациента с ЦВЗ со стенозирующим поражением внутренней сонной артерии вне острого периода: группу 1 составили 39 пациентов (18 мужчин и 21 женщина) с СД-2 в возрасте 65 [58; 72] лет; в группу 2 вошли 33 больных (15 мужчин и 18 женщин) без СД-2 в возрасте 66 [56; 74] лет. Контрольную группу составили 30 добровольцев (16 мужчин и 14 женщин) без проявлений церебральной ишемии и нарушений углеводного обмена, с нормальными значениями индекса массы тела, некурящие, в возрасте 62 [50; 66] лет. Проводилось клиническое обследование, нейро- и ангиовизуализационное исследование, спектр биохимических исследований крови, в том числе определение содержания АДМА и показателей системы NO. Результаты. В группе 1 содержание нитрата, нитрита и NO составило 62,1 [56; 68] мкмоль/л, 48,5 [26; 52] мкмоль/л и 13,6 [9; 23] мкмоль/л соответственно, что достоверно отличалось от значений этих показателей в группе 2 — 58,3 [45; 64] мкмоль/л, 39,6 [26,0; 42,3] мкмоль/л и 18,7 [16,1; 24,7] мкмоль/л соответственно. Отмечен также более высокий уровень AДМА в крови у пациентов с ЦВЗ в сочетании с СД-2 — 0,42 [0,21; 0,53] ммоль/л. Заключение. Обнаружена взаимосвязь между уровнями AДМА и NO при ЦВЗ на фоне СД-2. Это требует продолжения исследований биомаркеров повреждения сосудистой стенки для определения их места в патогенезе ишемических церебральных осложнений СД-2. Background. Vascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) are one of the leading causes of increased mortality in patients of employable age. Hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and impaired antioxidant protection have been suggested to play a role in the pathological mechanism of vascular damage, in part due to the effects of nitric oxide (NO). Objectives: clarification of relationships in the systems of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and NO in patients with cerebrovascular diseases (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (DM-2). Patients/Methods. We examined 72 CVD patients with stenosing lesions of the internal carotid artery outside the acute period: group 1 consisted of 39 patients (18 men and 21 women; 65 [58; 72] years old) with DM-2; group 2 consisted of 33 patients (15 men and 18 women; 66 [56; 74] years old) without DM-2. The control group consisted of 30 volunteers (16 men and 14 women; 62 [50; 66] years old) without manifestations of cerebral ischemia and carbohydrate metabolism disorders, with normal body mass index, non-smokers. A clinical examination, neuro- and angio-imaging study, a spectrum of biochemical blood tests, including the concentration of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and indicators of NO system were carried out. Results. In group 1, the content of nitrate, nitrite and NO was 62.1 [56; 68] μmol/l, 48.5 [26; 52] μmol/l and 13.6 [9; 23] μmol/l, respectively, that significantly differed from the content of these parameters in group 2 — 58.3 [45; 64] μmol/l, 39.6 [26.0; 42.3] μmol/l and 18.7 [16.1; 24.7] μmol/l, respectively. Noted also a higher blood level of ADMA in patients with CVD combined with DM-2 — 0.42 [0.21; 0.53] mmol/l. Conclusions. A relationship was found between ADMA and NO levels in CVD patients with DM-2. This requires further studies of biomarkers of vascular wall damage to determine their place in the pathogenesis of ischemic cerebral complications of DM-2.

Postoperative Morphine Use and Hyperalgesia Are Reduced by Preoperative but Not Intraoperative Epidural Analgesia

2003 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 1449-1460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Katz ◽  
Lorenzo Cohen ◽  
Roger Schmid ◽  
Vincent W.S. Chan ◽  
Adarose Wowk
Keyword(s):  
Morphine Consumption ◽  
Gynecologic Surgery ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Epidural Administration ◽  
Blinded Manner ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Double Blinded ◽  
Postoperative Morphine ◽  
Group 1

Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the postoperative morphine-sparing effects and reduction in pain and secondary mechanical hyperalgesia after preincisional or postincisional epidural administration of a local anesthetic and an opioid compared with a sham epidural control. Methods Patients undergoing major gynecologic surgery by laparotomy were randomly assigned to three groups and studied in a double-blinded manner. Group 1 received epidural lidocaine and fentanyl before incision and epidural saline 40 min after incision. Group 2 received epidural saline before incision and epidural lidocaine and fentanyl 40 min after incision. Group 3 received a sham epidural control (with saline injected into a catheter taped to the back) before and 40 min after incision. All patients underwent surgery with general anesthesia. Results One hundred forty-one patients completed the study (group 1, n = 45; group 2, n = 49; group 3, n = 47). Cumulative patient-controlled analgesia morphine consumption at 48 h was significantly lower (P = 0.04) in group 1 (89.8 +/- 43.3 mg) than group 3 (112.5 +/- 71.5 mg) but not group 2 (95.4 +/- 60.2 mg), although the hourly rate of morphine consumption between 24 and 48 h after surgery was significantly lower (P &lt; 0.0009) in group 1 (1.25 +/- 0.02 mg/h) than group 2 (1.41 +/- 0.02 mg/h). Twenty-four hours after surgery, the visual analog scale pain score on movement was significantly less intense (P = 0.005) in group 1 (4.9 +/- 2.2 cm) than group 3 (6.0 +/- 2.6 cm) but not group 2 (5.3 +/- 2.5 cm), and the von Frey pain threshold near the wound was significantly higher (P = 0.03) in group 1 (6.4 +/- 0.6 log mg) than in group 3 (6.1 +/- 0.8 log mg) but not group 2 (6.2 +/- 0.7 log mg). Conclusions Preincisional administration of epidural lidocaine and fentanyl was associated with a significantly lower rate of morphine use, lower cumulative morphine consumption, and reduced hyperalgesia compared with a sham epidural condition. These results highlight the importance of including a standard treatment control group to avoid the problems of interpretation that arise when two-group studies of preemptive analgesia (preincisional vs. postsurgery) fail to find the anticipated effects.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Effect of MnTE-2-PyP on Lung in Asthma Mice Model

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyudmil Terziev ◽  
Violeta Dancheva ◽  
Veneta Shopova ◽  
Galya Stavreva
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Antioxidant Defence ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Antioxidant Defence System ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Aim. To investigate the effects of MnTE-2-PyP on some markers of antioxidant defence system in asthma mice model.Material and Methods. The animals were divided into four groups: group 1, controls; group 2, injected with ovalbumin, group 3, treated with MnTE-2-PyP, and group 4, treated with ovalbumin and MnTE-2-PyP. The activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and nonprotein sulfhydryl groups content (NPSH) were determined in lung homogenate.Results. The activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase in group 2 decreased significantly as compared to control group. The decrease of the same enzymes in group 4 was lower and significant as compared to group 2. Changes in the glutathione peroxidase activity showed a similar dynamics. The NPSH groups content decreased in group 2. In group 4 this decrease was relatively lower as compared to group 2.Conclusions. The application of MnTE-2-PyP mitigated the effects of oxidative stress in asthma mice model.

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