scholarly journals Role of the AM Fungi in Physio-chemical Properties of Soil, Study in Sathupally Forest Area, Khammam (District) Telangana State with Reference to Anogeissus latifolia and Bambusa arundinacea

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 2754-2769
Author(s):  
S. Syam Prasad ◽  
K. Ashok Kumar ◽  
P.R. Sushma ◽  
B. Ramadevi
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
Forest Area ◽  
Telangana State ◽  
Properties Of Soil

scholarly journals Influence of Farming Practices on the Chemical Properties of Soil in Small Scale Tea Farms in Kirinyaga and Tharaka-Nithi Counties of Kenya

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
I. H. Mogeni ◽  
W. M. Muiru ◽  
J. W. Kimenju
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Rapid Removal ◽  
Tea Production ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
Properties Of Soil

Soil chemical properties are important for growth of plants as they determine the nutrient availability for their uptake. Farming practices are treatments applied to farms in efforts to maximize crop productivity. Experiments were set up in Kangaita, Kirinyaga County, and Weru, Tharaka-Nithi County using randomized complete bock design to establish the influence of farming practices on the chemical properties of soil in tea production areas. This was aimed at understanding the role of the farming practices on the availability of soil nutrients and their effect on tea productivity. Each study site was divided into three zones depending on elevation and three farming practices identified within each zone namely neglected farms, manure applied farms and chemical fertilizer (NPK) applied farm. Soil samples were collected randomly from farms in each zone and analyzed for chemical properties. Soil acidity increased from neglected farms through manure applied farms to NPK fertilizer applied (standard) farms. The soils had generally low levels of K, Mg and Zn due to rapid removal through harvesting of the young shoots and leaves. Manure application is recommended as it is less degrading to the soils.

Characteristics Of The Structure Formation Of Gypsum Binder Modified With Zinc Hydrosilicates

2020 ◽  
pp. 40-46
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Structure Formation ◽  
Silicic Acid ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Crystal Formation ◽  
Ability To Act ◽  
Chemical Factors ◽  
Sorption Characteristics

The authors' methodic for assessing the role of chemical and physic-chemical factors during the structure formation of gypsum stone is presented in the article. The methodic is also makes it possible to reveal the synergistic effect and to determine the ranges of variation of controls factors that ensure maximum values of such effect. The effect of a micro-sized modifier based on zinc hydro-silicates on the structure formation of building gypsum is analyzed and corresponding dependencies are found. It is shown that effects of influence of modifier on the properties of gypsum compositions are determined by chemical properties of modifier. Among the mentioned properties are sorption characteristics (which depend on the amount of silicic acid and its state) and physicochemical properties - the ability to act as a substrate during crystal formation. The proposed method can also be extended to other binding substances and materials. This article contributes to the understanding of the processes that occur during the structure formation of composites, which will make it possible to control the structure formation in the future, obtaining materials with a given set of properties.

The Nature of S-N Bonding in Sulfonamides and Related Compounds: Insights into π-Bonding Contributions from Sulfur K-Edge XAS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tulin Okbinoglu ◽  
Pierre Kennepohl
Keyword(s):  
Density Functional ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
Rotational Barriers ◽  
Td Dft ◽  
Nitrogen Bonds ◽  
X Ray Absorption ◽  
Related Compounds ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Molecules containing sulfur-nitrogen bonds, like sulfonamides, have long been of interest due to their many uses and chemical properties. Understanding the factors that cause sulfonamide reactivity is important, yet their continues to be controversy regarding the relevance of S-N π bonding in describing these species. In this paper, we use sulfur K-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) in conjunction with density functional theory (DFT) to explore the role of S<sub>3p</sub> contributions to π-bonding in sulfonamides, sulfinamides and sulfenamides. We explore the nature of electron distribution of the sulfur atom and its nearest neighbors and extend the scope to explore the effects on rotational barriers along the sulfur-nitrogen axis. The experimental XAS data together with TD-DFT calculations confirm that sulfonamides, and the other sulfinated amides in this series, have essentially no S-N π bonding involving S<sub>3p</sub> contributions and that electron repulsion and is the dominant force that affect rotational barriers.

Effect of FYM and Fertilizers Nutrition on Production Potential, Nutrients Uptake and Soil Properties under Rice-Wheat Cropping System

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinod Kumar Kanaujia
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Farm Yard Manure ◽  
Npk Fertilizers ◽  
Nutrients Uptake ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Crop Research ◽  
Properties Of Soil

A field experiment was conducted during the Kharif and Rabi seasons of 2001-2005 in regular crop sequence at Crop Research Station, Nawabganj, CSA University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur in order to find out the effect of farm yard manure (FYM) and NPK levels in rice-wheat cropping system. One level of FYM (10 t ha-1) and one level of N (120 kg ha-1),three levels of P (0, 30, 60 kg ha-1), four levels of K (0, 30, 60, 90 kg ha-1) were tested. The grain yield of rice and wheat crops were increased at levels of FYM (10 t ha-1) and NPK (120, 60, 60 kg h a-1). The application of FYM with 120 kg N, 60 kg P O and 60 kg K O ha-1 gave significantly highest yield of rice and wheat crops. The 2 5 2 application of NPK fertilizers with FYM were found increased in their uptake. The application of NPK fertilizers with FYM was found improvements in physio-chemical properties of soil like soil ph, organic carbon and available NPK.

scholarly journals The Effects of Forest Litter and Waterlogging on the Ecotoxicity of Soils Strongly Enriched in Arsenic in a Historical Mining Site

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 355
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Szopka ◽  
Iwona Gruss ◽  
Dariusz Gruszka ◽  
Anna Karczewska ◽  
Krzysztof Gediga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pore Water ◽  
Gold Mining ◽  
Vibrio Fischeri ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Forest Litter ◽  
Contaminated Site ◽  
Mining Site ◽  
Soil Pore Water ◽  
Soil Ecotoxicity ◽  
Properties Of Soil

This study examined the effects of waterlogging and forest litter introduced to soil on chemical properties of soil pore water and ecotoxicity of soils highly enriched in As. These effects were examined in a 21-day incubation experiment. Tested soil samples were collected from Złoty Stok, a historical centre of arsenic and gold mining: from a forested part of the Orchid Dump (19,600 mg/kg As) and from a less contaminated site situated in a neighboring forest (2020 mg/kg As). An unpolluted soil was used as control. The concentrations of As, Fe and Mn in soil pore water were measured together with a redox potential Eh. A battery of ecotoxicological tests, including a bioassay with luminescence bacteria Vibrio fischeri (Microtox) and several tests on crustaceans (Rapidtox, Thamnotox and Ostracodtox tests), was used to assess soil ecotoxicity. The bioassays with crustaceans (T. platyurus, H. incongruens) were more sensitive than the bacterial test Microtox. The study confirmed that the input of forest litter into the soil may significantly increase the effects of toxicity. Waterlogged conditions facilitated a release of As into pore water, and the addition of forest litter accelerated this effect thus causing increased toxicity.

scholarly journals Occurrence of drug target residues within decantation tank sediments: a good clue to assess their historical excretion?

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Thiebault ◽  
Laëtitia Fougère ◽  
Anaëlle Simonneau ◽  
Emilie Destandau ◽  
Claude Le Milbeau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Target ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Deposition Process ◽  
Drug Consumption ◽  
Organic Layers ◽  
Sewer Systems ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Deep Underground ◽  
Deposition Processes

AbstractThis study investigated the potential of sediments accumulated in sewer systems to record human activities through the occurrence of drug target residues (DTR). The installation studied is 17 m deep underground decantation tank that traps the coarse fractions of a unitary sewer system (northern part of Orléans, France), collecting both stormwater and wastewater. The sediments deposited in this tank could constitute a nonesuch opportunity to study the historical evolution of illicit and licit drug consumption in the catchment, however, the deposition processes and the record of DTRs remain largely unknown at present. Five cores were acquired from 2015 to 2017. One hundred fifty-two sediment samples were extracted using a mixture of ultra-pure water:methanol (1:1) prior to analysis of the extracts by high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Several classical sedimentological analyses such as total organic carbon, facies description and granulometry were also performed on these samples, in order to understand the most important factors (e.g., physico-chemical properties of the DTRs, solid type, assumed load in wastewater) impacting their deposition.The key role of the speciation of DTRs was highlighted by the higher contents in neutral and anionic DTRs in organic layers, whereas only cationic DTRs were found in mineral layers. The considerable modifications in the sediments’ properties, generated by distinct origins (i.e., stormwater or wastewater), are therefore the most important drivers that must be taken into account when back-calculating the historical patterns of drug consumption from their DTR concentrations in decantation tank sediments. Further research remains necessary to fully understand the deposition process, but this study provides new clues explaining these temporal evolutions.

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