Values Attached to Educational Goals, Study Processes, and Educational Motivation

This study examines the relationship between educational values and educational goals, student motivation and study processes, and how values attached to educational goals predict motivation and student study processes. 181 randomly selected graduate and undergraduate students from a Midwestern university in the United States were recruited to participate in an online survey. The results demonstrated that values attached to educational goals and perceived educational outcomes have a weak but significant positive correlation with student study processes. In addition, values for educational goals significantly predict student study processes and educational motivation. Thus, it is suggested that educators should enhance personal values for education and develop strategies aimed at building and enhancing students’ values for education. Further studies on the values for educational goals and perceived educational outcomes will contribute to the understanding of concepts and theories related to motivation in education and possibly influence student outcomes, such as dropout rates. Teachers and people working in higher education need to understand that students’ values of perceived outcomes and goals are relevant components to their motivation in education. Because there are few studies on students’ values for educational goals and outcomes, more empirical evidence is imperative to help teachers assist students sustain their motivation in their educational pursuit and improve their study processes.

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Grammatical Positions of Focuser Like Among Native English-Speaking Undergraduate Students

International Journal of Linguistics ◽

10.5296/ijl.v12i6.17968 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 116

Author(s):

Basim Alamri

Keyword(s):

Undergraduate Students ◽

Noun Phrase ◽

Exploratory Study ◽

Discourse Markers ◽

The United States ◽

Final Exam ◽

Discourse Marker ◽

Midwestern University ◽

English Speaking ◽

Native English Speaking

Discourse markers (DMs) are used in everyday conversations to serve different meanings and functions. The present exploratory study investigated grammatical positions of focuser like among 60 undergraduate native-English-speaking students at a midwestern university in the United States. Students were asked to read and place focuser like in this sentence: “We have to read five chapters for the final exam”. Then students were required to indicate a degree of acceptability of the placement of like at every possible position in sentences that contained the discourse marker like in 10 different grammatical positions. The results showed that students preferred inserting the DM like before a noun phrase, at the beginning of a sentence, and before a verb phrase, respectively. In terms of gender, females frequently posited focuser like before a sentence, whereas males placed it before a noun phrase. Also, the discourse marker like does not occur within auxiliary. Finally, this study draws conclusions about different grammatical positions and broader usages of discourse marker focuser like among younger students.

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The Relationship Between Television Sports Exposure and Rape Myth Acceptance: The Mediating Role of Sexism and Sexual Objectification of Women

Violence Against Women ◽

10.1177/1077801216651340 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 23 (7) ◽

pp. 813-829 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Kathleen Custers ◽

Jenna McNallie

Keyword(s):

Undergraduate Students ◽

Online Survey ◽

The United States ◽

Rape Myth Acceptance ◽

Hostile Sexism ◽

Rape Myth ◽

Sexual Objectification ◽

Sports Programming ◽

Objectification Of Women ◽

Myth Acceptance

Rape affects a large proportion of women in the United States but is one of the most underreported crimes. It is believed that rape myth acceptance contributes to low reporting rates. We tested whether television sports exposure was indirectly related to higher acceptance of rape myth beliefs. An online survey involving 465 undergraduate students showed that viewing TV sports was positively related to hostile sexism, benevolent sexism, and sexual objectification of women. Through these variables, TV sports was indirectly and positively associated with rape myth acceptance. These results suggest that sports programming contributes to the perpetuation of rape myths in society.

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A cross-sectional analysis of demographic and behavioral risk factors of SARS-CoV-2 antibody positivity among a sample of U.S. college students

10.1101/2021.01.20.21249905 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sina Kianersi ◽

Christina Ludema ◽

Jonathan T. Macy ◽

Edlin Garcia ◽

Chen Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Online Survey ◽

Control Strategies ◽

The United States ◽

Romantic Partners ◽

Colleges And Universities ◽

Behavioral Risk ◽

Drinking Alcohol ◽

Cross Sectional

AbstractBackgroundColleges and universities across the United States are developing and implementing data-driven prevention and containment measures against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Identifying risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity could help to direct these efforts.ObjectiveTo estimate the associations between demographic factors and social behaviors and SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity and self-reported positive SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic test.MethodsIn September 2020, we randomly sampled Indiana University Bloomington (IUB) undergraduate students. Participants completed a cross-sectional, online survey about demographics, SARS-CoV-2 testing history, relationship status, and risk behaviors. Additionally, during a subsequent appointment, participants were tested for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies using a fingerstick procedure and SARS-CoV-2 IgM/IgG rapid assay kit. We used unadjusted modified Poisson regression models to evaluate the associations between predictors of both SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity and self-reported positive SARS-CoV-2 infection history.ResultsOverall, 1,076 students were included in the serological testing analysis, and 1,239 students were included in the SARS-CoV-2 infection history analysis. Current seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 was 4.6% (95% CI: 3.3%, 5.8%). Prevalence of self-reported SARS-CoV-2 infection history was 10.3% (95% CI: 8.6%, 12.0%). Greek membership, having multiple romantic partners, knowing someone in one’s immediate environment with SARS-CoV-2 infection, drinking alcohol more than 1 day per week, and hanging out with more than 4 people when drinking alcohol increased both the likelihood of seropositivity and SARS-CoV-2 infection history.ConclusionOur findings have implications for American colleges and universities and could be used to inform SARS-C0V-2 prevention and control strategies on such campuses.

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Gender Differences in Memory for What Others Say About Themselves and Their Family Members

Journal of Individual Differences ◽

10.1027/1614-0001/a000087 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 169-174 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Terrence G. Horgan ◽

Jeannette M. Stein ◽

Jeremy Southworth ◽

Michelle Swarbrick

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Personal Information ◽

Family Members ◽

The United States ◽

Professional Relationships ◽

Health Goals ◽

Self Construal ◽

Midwestern University ◽

Female Target

Do women have a recall advantage for what others say? And does it matter what type of information another person shares with them? Women’s greater interdependence in self-construal was predicted to give them an advantage over men in their memory for information shared about close others. In an experimental study, 124 undergraduate students (64 women and 60 men) from a Midwestern university in the United States watched either a videotaped male or female target discussing his or her lifestyle habits, health goals, and family. Participants then completed a surprise recognition test of their memory for what the target had said. Results show men were as accurate as women at remembering personal information shared by the targets, but women more accurately recalled what was said about the targets’ family members. The implications of these findings for various professional relationships are discussed.

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Empathy and Low Participation of Women in Engineering: Is There a Hidden Link

Journal of Education and Training Studies ◽

10.11114/jets.v9i6.5237 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 16

Author(s):

Yonghong Jade Xu ◽

Eddie Jacobs ◽

Carmen Astorne-Figari ◽

Amy L. De Jongh Curry ◽

Shelby G. Roberts ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Undergraduate Students ◽

Online Survey ◽

Academic Discipline ◽

Work Force ◽

The United States ◽

Women In Engineering ◽

Lower Likelihood ◽

The Difference ◽

Critical Components ◽

And Mathematics

Women are severely underrepresented in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education and the related work force. One of the reasons for the low presence of women in engineering is a lack of connection between engineering-related values and women’s personal values and beliefs, in particular the difference in empathy value. This study examined how empathy may have contributed to the low enrollment of women in engineering majors. An online survey was used to collect data from undergraduate students in an urban university in the United States. Statistical procedures were carefully selected to analyze the survey data and answer the four research questions. The results indicate that 1) students with a stronger empathizing trait reported lower likelihood of majoring in engineering; and 2) the perceived empathy level of a given academic discipline was a significant factor in students’ major choice. The lower likelihood of majoring in engineering was associated with its low empathy level perceived by the students. The major findings of the study call for reformulation of the engineering education so that human-centered values can be emphasized as critical components to the existing curricula.

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College Disability Service Office Staff Members’ Autism Attitudes and Knowledge

Remedial and Special Education ◽

10.1177/0741932521999460 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 074193252199946

Author(s):

So Yoon Kim

Keyword(s):

Undergraduate Students ◽

Online Survey ◽

The United States ◽

Staff Members ◽

Autistic People ◽

Average Annual Cost ◽

Attitudes And Knowledge ◽

Underlying Mechanisms ◽

Quality Of Contact

Disability support office (DSO) staff are responsible for providing appropriate support for an increasing population of autistic undergraduate students. A total of 153 DSO staff members in higher education institutions in the United States completed an online survey on their autism attitudes and knowledge, previous contact with autistic people, and demographic characteristics. Multiple regressions were conducted to investigate which variables uniquely predict their attitudes and knowledge. Quality of contact and education level predicted openness toward autism. Quality and quantity of contact, knowledge, and public versus private status of institutions predicted social distance toward autistic individuals. Finally, quality of contact, school size, and average annual cost predicted their knowledge. The underlying mechanisms between institutional variables and autism attitudes and knowledge need to be explored. Understanding what kinds of institutional supports and context-appropriate training should be provided to promote collaborative relationships between DSO staff and autistic students is a promising avenue for future studies.

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What Prompts College Students to Participate in Online Surveys?

International Education Studies ◽

10.5539/ies.v12n1p69 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 69 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kunsoon Park ◽

Narang Park ◽

Wookjae Heo ◽

Kim Gustafson

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

United States ◽

Graduate Students ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Educational Level ◽

Online Survey ◽

The United States ◽

Online Surveys ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Survey Participation

Online surveys are frequently used in higher education to collect students’ opinions. This study investigated the factors associated with students’ willingness to respond to online surveys. Using 540 samples from undergraduate and graduate students in the United States, this study conducted a factor analysis to categorize the reasons that students willingly participate in online surveys. Four factors were identified: Format, Affiliation, Content, and Contact. The regression analysis revealed format was significantly associated with the undergraduate students’ online survey participation, while content was significantly related to the graduate students’ online survey participation. These findings indicate the behavior of responding to online surveys may vary depending on the participants’ educational level. They also suggest a need to develop different strategies when designing online surveys for educational purposes to enhance response rates.

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Student health behavior and academic performance

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.11107 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. e11107

Author(s):

Peter R. Reuter ◽

Bridget L. Forster

Keyword(s):

Health Behavior ◽

Health Behaviors ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Fast Food ◽

Online Survey ◽

The United States ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Grade Point ◽

Wide Range ◽

The Hours

Objective To explore the association between health behaviors and habits of university students and academic achievement. Participants Six hundred fourteen undergraduate students at a state university in the United States. Methods Students were invited over a 2-year period to participate in an anonymous online survey that asked questions concerning a wide range of health behaviors and habits; participants were asked to report their current grade point average (GPA). Standard Least Squares Models were used to examine differences in self-reported GPA across the different health behaviors and habits, with individuals as replicates. Results The study found positive associations between breakfast consumption, physical activity, and strength training and self-reported GPA, and negative associations between the hours of sleep per night, hours worked per week, fast food and energy drinks consumption, and use of marijuana, alcohol and electronic vaping products. Conclusions While there is an association for some of the studied health behaviors and habits with self-reported GPA, the effect sizes for these health behaviors were low. The significant effect of vaping on GPA as well as the increased use reported in this study indicates that the topic should be explored further. Furthermore, students should be educated on the potential positive and negative effects of health behavior choices to help them make better choices.

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Survival Strategies of International Undergraduate Students at a Public Research Midwestern University in the United States: A Case Study

Journal of International Students ◽

10.32674/jis.v8i2.131 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 1034-1058 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Linda Tsevi

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

International Students ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

English Language ◽

The United States ◽

Survival Strategies ◽

Academic Excellence ◽

Public Research ◽

Midwestern University

In this qualitative study, I explored the strategies that international undergraduate students at a public research Midwestern university in the United States employ to persist and survive their educational transition to achieve academic excellence. Using Tinto’s (1987) theory of persistence as the theoretical framework, this paper employed a case study method. Five undergraduate international students were interviewed via semi-structured in-depth interviews. The findings indicated that students experienced both academic and non-academic challenges. Strategies adopted included involvement in out-of-classroom activities and dependence on family and friends. Recommendations include requiring academic counsellors and university administrators to devise curriculum and programs to assist international students. Further, the teaching faculty should reach out to students who have English language challenges.

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Assessing Awareness of and Interests in Public Health Among Undergraduate Students Without Declared Majors

Pedagogy in Health Promotion ◽

10.1177/2373379917716087 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 125-130

Author(s):

Derek G. Shendell ◽

Amber Gourdine ◽

Melody Yuan

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

United States ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Online Survey ◽

Work Force ◽

The United States ◽

Professional Preparation ◽

Spring Semester ◽

Parental Occupation ◽

Course Enrollment

There are underrepresented fields in both undergraduate-level (UG) and graduate-level public health (PH) professional preparation in the United States. Demand for employment and a diversified work force in PH is growing. To understand how well UG students are aware of and knowledgeable about PH, a survey was conducted at a large urban statewide public university in the Northeastern United States. Students solicited to participate in the anonymous online survey conducted in PsychData were first- and second-year undeclared major UG students during March to April 2015 (spring semester). Of 138 consenting respondents, there were 101 validated, complete sets of responses. Variables included student course enrollment, whether parental occupation influences student choice of majors, and perceived quality of available curricula. More UG students were enrolled in introductory statistics among the PH-related courses asked about; those courses fulfilled multiple UG major requirements and could play greater roles in student awareness of PH, that is, opportunities via PH faculty/staff/guest lectures. Implications of findings include providing students hands-on experiences late in high school and early UG years, and advisors mentioning PH to students interested in basic sciences.

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