scholarly journals Biopulping Of Bagasse Using Different Types Of White Rot Fungi and Different Incubation Times

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 403
Author(s):  
Angelin Marhavyna Cristy ◽  
Aris Mumpuni ◽  
Nuniek Ina Ratnaningtyas
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Time ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Schizophyllum Commune ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Ligninolytic Enzymes ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Paper Making ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Two Factors

Bagasse is fibrous residue that remains after the sugarcane is crushed to extract it’s juice. It mostly consists of lignocellulosic materials that may provide material for paper production through biopulping process. White rot fungi (WRF) is producers of extracellular ligninolytic enzymes that has the capability to mineralize lignin compounds. Three types of white rot fungi that were used in this study are Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Pleurotus ostreatus and Schizophyllum commune. Each of it was inoculated on bagasse substrate within 0, 15, and 30 days of incubation. This study was aimed to know the effect of interaction between white rot fungi and incubation time in the biopulping process and to investigate the most appropriate fungus and incubation time to produce good material for paper making obtained from sugarcane bagasse. The experimental design was done by using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with a factorial pattern in two factors and analyzed by using Analysis of Variance (ANNOVA) then followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) on highly different significance effect of the treatment. The result of this study showed that S. commune is the most effective fungi to degrade highly lignin content (17.38% to 8.88%) at 30 days of incubation, while P. chrysosporium is the most effective fungi to lowering cellulose content in small amount (23.64% to 19.38%) during 30 days of incubation.

scholarly journals Bio-Pulping of Bagasse As The Material For Paper Making Using Different Species of White Rot Fungi and Incubation Time

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 305
Author(s):  
Vio Indah Budiarti ◽  
Nuniek Ina Ratnaningtyas ◽  
Aris Mumpuni
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Time ◽  
Lignin Degradation ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Lignin Concentration ◽  
Paper Making ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Cellulose Concentration

The Biopulping is defined as the biological process of lignin degradation by utilizing microorganisms that produce some enzymes. A microorganism which widely known in the degradation of lignin and cellulose is a group of white-rot fungi. The aims for this research to know the most effective  white rot fungi species of G.lucidum, P.tuber-regium, and T.versicolor in the degradation of lignin and cellulose with different incubation time on bagasse substrate. The effectivity of biopulping indicated by the highest degradation of lignin concentration and the lowest degradation of cellulose concentration. This study used an experimental design with Completely Randomized design with a two factorial pattern. The independent variable of this study is white rot fungi species and incubation time while the dependent variable is the concentration of lignin and cellulose. The main parameter was the concentration of lignin and cellulose, supporting parameters were pH, weight loss of substrate and mycelial growth. The result showed the degradation of lignin and cellulose in all treatment. The best degradation of lignin and cellulose showed by species T.versicolor and P.tuber-regium within 30 days of incubation

scholarly journals Characteristic of oil palm empty fruit bunch pretreated with Pleurotus floridanus (Pretreatment biologi tandan kosong kelapa sawit menggunakan Pleurotus floridanus)

2017 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
. ISROI
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Lignin Degradation ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Ligninolytic Enzyme ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Biological Pretreatment ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Pleurotus Floridanus

Pleurotus floridanus have ability on lignin degradation by producing ligninolytic enzyme and prefer to degrade lignin than carbohydrate (hemicellulose and cellulose). Oil palm empty fruit bunches has been pretreated using P. floridanus.  Addition of cation (Cu2+) on biological pretreatment reduced lignin content and increased digestibility of the empty fruit bunches. P. floridanus reduce lignin and hemicellulose content from 23.9% to 10.1% and from 20.8% to 16.9%, respectively. P. floridanus did not degrade cellulose. Cellulose content of empty fruit bunches increase from 40.4% to 51.7%. Crystallinity of empty fruit bunches reduced after biological pretreatment. Crystallinity presented as LOI (lateral order index) of un-treated and biological pretreated oil palm empty fruit bunches are 2.08 and 1.44. Digestibility of the empty fruit bunches increased from 17.2% to 60.3% by biological pretreatment.[Key words:  biological pretreatment, oil palm empty fruit bunches, Pleurotus floridanus, biofuel, white-rot fungi, lignocellulose]AbstrakPleurotus floridanus memiliki kemampuan untuk mendegradasi lignin dengan memproduksi enzim ligninolitik dan lebih memilih untuk mendegradasi lignin daripada karbohidrat (hemiselulosa dan selulosa). Kemampuan unik P. floridanus ini dimanfaatkan dalam pretreatment biologi tandan kosong kelapa sawit. Penambahan kation (Cu2+) pada pretreatment biologi menurunkan kandungan lignin dan meningkatkan digestibiliti tandan kosong kelapa sawit. Perlakuan P. floridanus mengurangi kandungan lignin dan hemiselulosa dari 23,9% menjadi 10,1% dan dari 20,8% menjadi 16,9%. Perlakuan P. floridanus tidak menurunkan kandungan selulosa. Kandungan selulosa tandan kosong kelapa sawit meningkat dari 40,4% menjadi 51,7%. Kristalinitas tandan kosong menurun setelah pretreatment biologi. Kristalinitas yang dinyatakan dalam LOI (LOI, Lateral Order Index) adalah 2,08 untuk tandan kosong tanpa pretreatment biologi dan 1,44 untuk tandan kosong dengan pretreatment biologi. Digestibiliti itandan kosong meningkat dari 17,2% menjadi 60,3%.[Kata kunci: Pretreatment biologi, tandan kosong kelapa sawit, jamur pelapuk putih, lignoselulosa, Pleurotus floridanus]

scholarly journals Evaluation of Basidiomycetes Wild Strains Grown in Agro-Industrial Residues for Their Anti-Tyrosinase and Antioxidant Potential and for the Production of Biocatalysts

Fermentation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Anastasia Zerva ◽  
Nikolaos Tsafantakis ◽  
Evangelos Topakas
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Ligninolytic Enzymes ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Oxidative Enzymes ◽  
Industrial Residues ◽  
Pure Compounds ◽  
Wild Strains

White-rot basidiomycetes are the only microorganisms with the ability to produce both hydrolytic (cellulases and hemicellulases) and oxidative (ligninolytic) enzymes for degrading cellulose/hemicellulose and lignin. In addition, they produce biologically active natural products with important application in cosmetic formulations, either as pure compounds or as standardized extracts. In the present work, three wild strains of Basidiomycetes fungi (Pleurotus citrinopileatus, Abortiporus biennis and Ganoderma resinaceum) from Greek habitats were grown in agro-industrial residues (oil mill wastewater, and corn cob) and evaluated for their anti-tyrosinase and antioxidant activity and for the production of biotechnologically relevant enzymes. P. citrinopileatus showed the most interesting tyrosinase inhibitory activity, while A. biennis showed the highest DPPH(2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl) scavenging potential. Corn cobs were the most appropriate carbon source for maximizing the inhibitory effect of fungal biomasses on both activities, while the use of oil mill wastewater selectively increased the anti-tyrosinase potential of P. citrinopileatus culture filtrate. All strains were found to be preferential lignin degraders, similarly to most white-rot fungi. Bioinformatic analyses were performed on the proteome of the strains P. citrinopileatus and A. biennis, focusing on CAZymes with biotechnological relevance, and the results were compared with the enzyme activities of culture supernatants. Overall, all three strains showed strong production of oxidative enzymes for biomass conversion applications.

Distribution of ligninolytic enzymes in selected white-rot fungi

1996 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Nerud ◽  
Z. Mišurcová
Keyword(s):  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Ligninolytic Enzymes ◽  
White Rot

scholarly journals Evaluation of Compressive Strength of Decayed Wood in Magnolia obovata

2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-85
Author(s):  
Kahoru Matsumoto ◽  
Futoshi Ishiguri ◽  
Kazuya Iizuka ◽  
Shinso Yokota ◽  
Naoto Habu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Magnolia Obovata ◽  
Weight Loss Ratio

To obtain the basic information needed to estimate the degree of decay from compressive strength measured using a Fractometer (CS), relationships between CS and the contents of chemical components were analyzed for Magnolia wood decayed by three types fungi (brown rot, white rot, and soft rot fungi) at various decay levels. Weight loss ratio was significantly, negatively correlated with CS in woods decayed by brown rot and white rot fungi. In addition, a relatively high correlation coefficient was recognized between CS and holocellulose or α-cellulose content, except for wood decayed by soft rot fungus. The results obtained showed that Fractometer can detect the decrease of CS at relatively early stage of decay.

Mycoremediation of Lignocelluloses

Biotechnology ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 1086-1108
Author(s):  
Saritha Vara
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Space Exploration ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Ligninolytic Enzymes ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Lignocellulolytic Enzymes ◽  
Biotechnological Applications ◽  
Potential Use

The most abundant aromatic biopolymer on earth Lignin is extremely recalcitrant to degradation. It creates a barrier to solutions or enzymes by linking to both hemicellulose and cellulose preventing the penetration of lignocellulolytic enzymes into the interior lignocellulosic structure. Global attention has been gained by fungi owing to the potential use of their versatile enzymes for agriculture, medicines, industries and bioremediation. The combination of extracellular ligninolytic enzymes, mediators, organic acids and accessory enzymes make some of the basidiomycete white-rot fungi to be able to degrade lignin efficiently. This review describes remediation of lignocelluloses by fungi, properties of fungi, their spatial distribution and the mechanisms of action which render them attractive candidates in biotechnological applications like biopulping, animal feed, genetic engineering and space exploration.

scholarly journals Induction of Extracellular Hydroxyl Radical Production by White-Rot Fungi through Quinone Redox Cycling

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (12) ◽  
pp. 3944-3953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Víctor Gómez-Toribio ◽  
Ana B. García-Martín ◽  
María J. Martínez ◽  
Ángel T. Martínez ◽  
Francisco Guillén
Keyword(s):  
Hydroxyl Radical ◽  
Fenton Reaction ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Ligninolytic Enzymes ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Oh Radicals ◽  
Production Rates ◽  
Pycnoporus Cinnabarinus ◽  
Simple Strategy ◽  
The One

ABSTRACT A simple strategy for the induction of extracellular hydroxyl radical (OH) production by white-rot fungi is presented. It involves the incubation of mycelium with quinones and Fe3+-EDTA. Succinctly, it is based on the establishment of a quinone redox cycle catalyzed by cell-bound dehydrogenase activities and the ligninolytic enzymes (laccase and peroxidases). The semiquinone intermediate produced by the ligninolytic enzymes drives OH production by a Fenton reaction (H2O2 + Fe2+ → OH + OH− + Fe3+). H2O2 production, Fe3+ reduction, and OH generation were initially demonstrated with two Pleurotus eryngii mycelia (one producing laccase and versatile peroxidase and the other producing just laccase) and four quinones, 1,4-benzoquinone (BQ), 2-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinone (MBQ), 2,6-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquinone (DBQ), and 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone (menadione [MD]). In all cases, OH radicals were linearly produced, with the highest rate obtained with MD, followed by DBQ, MBQ, and BQ. These rates correlated with both H2O2 levels and Fe3+ reduction rates observed with the four quinones. Between the two P. eryngii mycelia used, the best results were obtained with the one producing only laccase, showing higher OH production rates with added purified enzyme. The strategy was then validated in Bjerkandera adusta, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Phlebia radiata, Pycnoporus cinnabarinus, and Trametes versicolor, also showing good correlation between OH production rates and the kinds and levels of the ligninolytic enzymes expressed by these fungi. We propose this strategy as a useful tool to study the effects of OH radicals on lignin and organopollutant degradation, as well as to improve the bioremediation potential of white-rot fungi.

scholarly journals Enhanced Production of Ligninolytic Enzymes by a Mushroom Stereum ostrea

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Y. Usha ◽  
K. Praveen ◽  
B. Rajasekhar Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Copper Sulphate ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Ligninolytic Enzymes ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Veratryl Alcohol ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Laccase Production ◽  
Enhanced Production

The white rot fungi Stereum ostrea displayed a wide diversity in their response to supplemented inducers, surfactants, and copper sulphate in solid state fermentation. Among the inducers tested, 0.02% veratryl alcohol increased the ligninolytic enzyme production to a significant extent. The addition of copper sulphate at 300 μM concentration has a positive effect on laccase production increasing its activity by 2 times compared to control. Among the surfactants, Tween 20, Tween 80, and Triton X 100, tested in the studies, Tween 80 stimulated the production of ligninolytic enzymes. Biosorption of dyes was carried out by using two lignocellulosic wastes, rice bran and wheat bran, in 50 ppm of remazol brilliant blue and remazol brilliant violet 5R dyes. These dye adsorbed lignocelluloses were then utilized for the production of ligninolytic enzymes in solid state mode. The two dye adsorbed lignocelluloses enhanced the production of laccase and manganese peroxidase but not lignin peroxidase.

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