scholarly journals KUANTITAS ANAKAN KULTUR SEMUT RANGRANG, Oecophylla smaragdina, SECARA ARTIFISIAL DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN BEBERAPA JENIS PAKAN BERBEDA

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Lintang Dianing Ratri ◽  
Edi Basuki ◽  
Darsono Darsono
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Lumbricus Rubellus ◽  
Pomacea Canaliculata ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Oecophylla Smaragdina ◽  
Weaver Ants ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Production Quantity

Oecophylla smaragdina or weaver ants is social insect that has an important role in the ecosystem. One of its main function is as a biological control agent in agriculture. The use of weaver ants in an effort to develop a biocontrol continues and increases, this has caused the significant decrease of the natural population of O. smaragdina. Therefore, the weaver ants rearing is needed to maintain its existence in natural habitat without excessive exploitation. The purpose of this study were to determine the effect of different types of feed i.e. snails, earthworms, and okara (tofu by-product) in the production of weaver ants kroto; and to determine the different of treatments of feeds provided to the production quantity of weaver ants kroto. The experimental method used in this study with a completely randomized design. Treatment was given by different protein sources feeding i.e. snails (Pomacea canaliculata), earthworm (Lumbricus rubellus), and okara. Five replicates were appliead for each treatment. Earthworms fed ants produced highest number of kroto with total of 1,030 individuals and weight 87.4 gram in total. Snails fed ants produced 866 individuals and weight 73.1 gram. Okara fed ants produced 543 individuals and weight 45.9 gram.

scholarly journals Indigenous Knowledge of the Edible Weaver Ant Oecophylla smaragdina Fabricius Hymenoptera: Formicidae from the Vientiane Plain, Lao PDR

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 4-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joost Van Itterbeeck ◽  
Niane Sivongxay ◽  
Bounthob Praxaysombath ◽  
Arnold Van Huis
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Lao Pdr ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Edible Insects ◽  
Oecophylla Smaragdina ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Core Element ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Collection Practices

Of major importance in realizing the potential of edible insects as a core element in improving food security, sustainable food production, and biodiversity conservation, are developments in sustainable exploitation of wild edible insect populations and in (semi-)cultivating and farming edible insects. Such developments can draw on both western science and indigenous knowledge. Oecophylla smaragdina Fabricius Hymenoptera: Formicidae, of which particularly the queen brood is commonly consumed in Thailand and the Lao PDR, is believed to have the potential to act as flagship/umbrella species in forest conservation and management, to be incorporated simultaneously as biological control agent and direct source of human food in agroforestry practices, and to be (semi-)cultivated. We provide a detailed account of indigenous knowledge of O. smaragdina and ant brood collection practices from the Vientiane Plain, Lao PDR, through focus group discussions and participant observations, and then reflect on sustainability and conservation issues, and on semi-cultivating constraints and possibilities embedded in indigenous knowledge and ant brood collection practices. 

scholarly journals Pathogenicity of Burkholderia cepacia (Pseudomonas cepacia) in four onion genotypes (Allium sp.)

1969 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 123-134
Author(s):  
Rodrigo O. Campo ◽  
Mildred Zapata
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Pseudomonas Cepacia ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Sour Skin ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Yellow Onion

Onion is one of the major crops in Puerto Rico.The bacterium Burkholderia cepacia (basonym: Pseudomonas cepacia) is the causal agent of the onion disease sour skin. In Puerto Rico the strain B. cepacia UPR-5C has been reported as a biological control agent of various phytopathogenic fungi. At present, the pathogenic characteristics of this strain are unknown. The pathogenicity of B. cepacia UPR-5C was determined in four commercial onion genotypes, yellow, red scailions, white Spanish and slip, by using a complete randomized design with split plots. The onion genotypes were inoculated with bacteria of 10e CFU/ml from each growth phase and with the filtrates corresponding to each phase. Symptoms were evaluated seven days after inoculation.Treatments with cells, but not filtrates, induced symptoms in the yellow onion genotype. The red, white and slip genotypes were not susceptible, but the bacterium is pathogenic to yellow onions. There are, however, different levels of resistance within the species.

ENHANCEMENT OF GROWTH OF ONION (ALLIUM CEPA L.) BY BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENT TRICHODERMA SPP

2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 393-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. PAYGHAMI ◽  
S. MASSIHA ◽  
B. AHARY ◽  
M. VALIZADEH ◽  
A. MOTALLEBI
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Sclerotium Cepivorum ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Significant Difference

The effect of Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma viride (isolated from mycoflora in the rhizosphere of onion) in increasing the growth of onion was studied in a completely randomized design in pots with 12 replications under greenhouse conditions at 21°C with a 12-h light/dark cycle (fluorescent and incandescent lighting). The biological control of Sclerotium cepivorum Berk, the causal agent of white rot of onion, was also investigated in this experiment. The addition of Trichoderma spp. to autoclaved soil (inoculation of 2/3 of the top soil in the pots with 4% (v/v) inoculum of T. harzianum and T. viride) significantly increased the growth and fresh weight of the onion plants (P=1%). The biological control of S. cepivorum was achieved with T. harzianum and T. viride, but no significant difference was observed between the two species.

scholarly journals POTENTIAL IMPACT OF METARHIZIUM ANISOPLIAE ON THE DIAMONDBACK MOTH (LEPIDOPTERA: PLUTELLIDAE) AND ITS PARASITOID DIADEGMA SEMICLAUSUM (HYMENOPTERA: ICHNEUMONIDAE)

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-108
Author(s):  
Rosma Hasibuan ◽  
Nilly Christalia ◽  
F.X. Susilo ◽  
Nur Yasin
Keyword(s):  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Conidial Suspension ◽  
Diadegma Semiclausum ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
And Control

Potential Impact of Metarhizium anisopliae on the Diamondback Moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) and Its Parasitoid Diadegma semiclausum (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae).  Laboratory studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of the Metarhizium anisopliae against the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella and its parasitoid, Diadegma  semiclausum. A completely randomized design consisted of 5 treatments (4 concentrations of conidial suspension: 5 x 104, 3.5 x 105, 2.5 x 106, 1.2 x 107 conidia/ml and control) was used.  The results indicated that the mortality of P. xylostella larvae were significantly induced by the fungal treatments.  A significant reduction in pupation and adult emergence of P. xylostella was also detected in all treatments when compared with that in the control. The fungus might also result in a male-biased sex ratio of the surviving P. xylostella. When applied at a concentration of 1.2 x 107 conidia/ml, M.  anisopliae might significantly reduce the survival of the parasitoid, D. semiclausum. Thus, despite its potential as a biological control agent against P. xylostella, the entomomogenous fungus M. anisopliae was also detrimental to the larvae parasitoid D. semiclausum.

Colombian population of the mite Gaeolaelaps aculeifer as a predator of the thrips Frankliniella occidentalis and the possible use of an astigmatid mite as its factitious prey

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 2359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana M Rueda-Ramirez ◽  
Diana M Rios-Malaver ◽  
Amanda Varela-Ramirez ◽  
Gilberto J. de Moraes
Keyword(s):  
Mass Production ◽  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Western Flower Thrips ◽  
Predation Rate ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Generalist Predator ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Factitious Prey

Gaeolaelaps aculeifer (Canestrini) is a well-known generalist predator currently commercialized to control several edaphic organisms, including Diptera larvae and thrips pre-pupae and pupae. The recent detection of this species in the Bogotá plateau of Colombia raised the interest to investigate details about the biology of this new population and evaluate its potential as a biological control agent for use in that country against Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande (Thripidae), the western flower thrips. The objective of this study was to evaluate experimentally the biological characteristics of the Colombian population of G. aculeifer and its predation capacity on F. occidentalis, as well as the possibility to use a factitious prey for its mass production or as complementary food in predator field releases. The study was conducted with three diets: F. occidentalis (T), Aleuroglyphus ovatus (A), and A. ovatus + F. occidentalis (TA), in a randomized design experiment using G. aculeifer females. Predation rate was about 2.6 pre-pupae/pupae of F. occidentalis/female/day when only thrips was available as prey, reducing to 2.0 when thrips was combined with A. ovatus. Oviposition was the same when fed each of those prey and their combination (2.5–2.9 eggs/female/day). Some differences between diets were observed for duration of some periods of the life cycle, but no differences were observed for life table parameters. The greatest differences observed between this population and what has been reported for other populations of the same predator (evaluated when feeding other prey) refer to duration of deutonymphal period and Ro (respectively longer and higher in the former). It is concluded that the Colombian population is able to feed, develop, and reproduce on pre-pupae and pupae of F. occidentalis and that A. ovatus can be used for its small scale mass production and as a complementary diet in predator field releases.

Colony dispersion and nesting habits of the ants, Dolichoderus thoracicus and Oecophylla smaragdina (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), in relation to their success as biological control agents on cocoa

1991 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Way ◽  
K. C. Khoo
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Mixed System ◽  
Oecophylla Smaragdina ◽  
Scoring Method ◽  
Predatory Behaviour ◽  
Nesting Sites ◽  
Biological Control Potential ◽  
Nesting Habits

AbstractIn mixed cocoa-coconut palm plantations in Malaysia the palm spadices provide large, stable nesting sites for Dolichoderus thoracicus (Smith) in contrast to impermanent sites on cocoa and on the ground. D. thoracicus and the arboreal leaf-nesting Oecophylla smaragdina (Fabricius) both benefit from the mixed system which also provides a more stable food supply from honeydew-producing Homoptera. A scoring method showed that about 50–200 O. smaragdina or 200–2000 D. thoracicus on a cocoa tree can protect it effectively from Helopeltis theobromae Miller (Hemiptera: Miridae). The relatively greater efficiency of O. smaragdina as a biological control agent is associated with its actively dispersive predatory behaviour in contrast to the localized concentration of D. thoracicus workers at sites such as cocoa pods where it tends honeydew-producing Homoptera, and where it acts largely by deterring H. theobromae. Despite its biological control potential, the painfully biting O. smaragdina, unlike D. thoracicus, is normally considered unacceptable to plantation staff. Nevertheless it should be recognized as valuable in integrated pest management of cocoa pests especially where D. thoracicus is difficult to establish.

Reducing losses inflicted by insect pests on cashew, using weaver ants as a biological control agent

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florence M. Anato ◽  
Rosine B. Wargui ◽  
Antonio A. C. Sinzogan ◽  
Joachim Offenberg ◽  
Appolinaire Adandonon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Weaver Ants

scholarly journals Potensi Beauveria bassiana sebagai Agens Hayati Spodoptera litura Fabr. pada Tanaman Kedelai

Agrikultura ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Ayu Rosmiati ◽  
Cecep Hidayat ◽  
Efrin Firmansyah ◽  
Yati Setiati
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Spore Density ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Spore Densities

ABSTRACTThe Potency of Beauveria bassiana as a biological control agent of Spodoptera lituraThe attack of Spodoptera litura can result in the decrease of soybean yield, so that the soybean production cannot fulfill the demand of soybean. The objective of the study was to examine the potency of Beauveria bassiana as a biological control agent of Spodoptera litura. The research was conducted at the Pest Laboratory, Departement of Agrotechnology, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung from January to March 2017. The research was carried out using Completely Randomized Design (RBD) with six treatments of B. bassiana spore density and four replications. The treatments were spore densities of 100 (control), 102, 104, 106, 108, and 1010/ml aquades that applied to the instar II of S. litura larvae. The advanced test used was Duncan's advanced test of 5%. The results showed that the B. bassiana density spore of 1010/ml aquades caused the highest S. litura larvae mortality of 82.50% and the lowest weight of food eaten by S. litura larvae of 0.79 g.Keywords: Biocontrol Agent, Beauveria bassiana, Spodoptera litura, SoybeanABSTRAKSerangan Spodoptera litura dapat menurunkan hasil tanaman kedelai, sehingga produksi tanaman kedelai belum bisa memenuhi permintaan kedelai di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menguji patogenitas Beauveria bassiana sebagai agens hayati pengendali Spodoptera litura. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Hama Jurusan Agroteknologi, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung dari Januari sampai Maret 2017, menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan enam perlakuan kerapatan spora B. bassiana dan empat ulangan. Perlakuan tersebut adalah kerapatan spora 100 (kontrol), 102, 104, 106, 108, dan 1010/ml aquades yang diaplikasikan pada larva S. litura instar II. Uji lanjut yang digunakan adalah Uji lanjut Duncan taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kerapatan spora B. bassiana 1010 /ml aquades menyebabkan mortalitas larva S. litura sebesar 82,50% dan bobot pakan yang dimakan oleh larva S. litura paling rendah sebesar 0,79 g.Kata Kunci: Agens hayati, Beauveria bassiana, Spodoptera litura, Kedelai

scholarly journals Bioassay on banana rhizome discs for selecting bacteria antagonistic to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense

2020 ◽  
pp. 2401-2410
Author(s):  
Liliane Santana Luquine ◽  
Luciano Ricardo Braga Pinheiro ◽  
Saulo Alves Santos de Oliveira ◽  
Harllen Sandro Alves Silva
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Panama Disease ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Alternative Materials ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Set Up

Detached plant organs are alternative materials to in vitro tests for selecting biocontrol agents. On the other hand, the use of scales to quantify injured areas can generate inconsistent results. Rhizospheric and endophytic bacteria were selected as growth inhibitors of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), the causal agent of Panama disease of banana. For this, rhizome discs were treated with 200 µL of antagonist suspension (109 CFU mL?1) and inoculated with the pathogen. The material was placed in plastic gerbox boxes and incubated in BOD at 25 °C for 12 days. Afterward, the area of rhizome discs (mm2) colonized by Foc was quantified by digital images. The assay was set up in a completely randomized design, with four replications and three discs per replication. The control consisted of untreated and inoculated discs. The results showed the efficiency of this method in selecting the biological control agent, as the 26 isolates were group into five different clusters, with isolates belonging to four of these groups (from ‘1’ to ‘4’) being able to reduce Foc colonization. Isolates 520EB, 993EB, and 531EB had the highest potential for inhibition, with areas of 343.3, 344.1, 364.8 mm2, respectively, promoting inhibition ranging from 53 to 56 % of the colonized area compared to the control (782.6 mm2).

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