scholarly journals Preparation of glucose-fructose syrup from yacon

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
T. I. Romanyuk ◽  
A. E. Chusova ◽  
M. P. Tararykov ◽  
N. A. Matvienko
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Enzyme Preparation ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Glucose Syrup ◽  
Rational Mode ◽  
Reducing Substances ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The use of inulin-containing raw materials for the production of glucose-fructose syrup helps to significantly reduce the amount of glucose in it, and increase the proportion of fructose to 97%. The purpose of the research is to study the process of obtaining glucose-fructose syrups by bioconversion of inulin - containing raw materials-yacon. Depolymerization of fructans is carried out by the enzyme inulinase, which hydrolyzes the polymer to fructose and sucrose. The object of the study was yacon root vegetables with an inulin content of 17.3 %, the enzyme preparation inulinase from A. awamori 2250. The rational mode of hydrothermal treatment of yacon tubers is: temperature-85 C, duration-30 minutes, hydromodule-1: 0.5. Rational modes of saccharification of yacon with the enzyme preparation inuloavamorin P10x: pH 5.5; dosage of the enzyme preparation 14 units per 1 yacon inulin, temperature 50 oC for yacon, duration of hydrolysis 3.5-4 hours. Thus, we have selected rational modes of saccharification of yacon with the enzyme preparation inuloavamorin P10x: pH 5.5; the dosage of the enzyme preparation is 14 units per 1 inulin of yacon, the temperature is 50 oC for yacon, the duration of hydrolysis is 3.5-4 hours. The resulting fructose-glucose syrup, which is a viscous liquid without sediment and foreign inclusions. The color – from yellow to light brown, with varying intensity, the taste is sweet with no bitterness. The smell is usually absent, while a light fruity or caramel flavor is allowed. According to the physical and chemical properties of fructose-glucose syrup has the following indicators: dry substances-70-80 %; reducing substances-88-90% in terms of absolutely dry matter; fructose-87-89% in terms of abs. dry matter; glucose-1% in terms of abs. dry matter; residual inulin content-1-2% in terms of abs. dry matter; protein substances - 6-6. 5% in terms of abs. dry matter; ash content – 4% in terms of abs.dry matter. The energy value of fructose-glucose syrup is 315 kcal/100 g.

Diesel Biofuels - Preparation, Characterization and Testing

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Dusescu ◽  
Anca Borcea ◽  
Vasile Matei ◽  
Ion Popa ◽  
Irina Gabriela Radulescu
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
Production Unit ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The present paper studies biodiesel samples preparation by transesterification and compares their physical and chemical properties (biofuels prepared from different raw materials - vegetable oils: sunflower oil, crocus oil and soya bean oil) and the biodegradability degree, as well as the possibilities of the integration of such production unit in industrial diagram of auto fuels production.

scholarly journals Quality Attributes of Malaysia Purple-Fleshed Sweet Potato at Different Peel Condition

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 872
Author(s):  
Nurfarhana Shaari ◽  
Rosnah Shamsudin ◽  
Mohd Zuhair Mohd Nor ◽  
Norhashila Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

In this study, physical and chemical properties (dry matter, ash, moisture, protein, fat, fiber, carbohydrate, starch, amylose, and vitamin C) of sweet potato tuber and flour of Anggun 1 cultivar were evaluated at different conditions. During peeling, the tuber and flour were processed subjected to three different conditions, which were unpeeled tubers (C1), peeled tubers (C2), and skin of tuber only (C3). From the results, the highest (p < 0.05) dry matter was observed in C1 while higher contents of ash, moisture, and protein were found in C3. Regarding the fat and vitamin C content, no significant differences (p > 0.05) were found between each condition. The highest fiber, carbohydrate, and amylose content (p < 0.05) were found in C1. The C1 and C2 reflected significantly higher (p < 0.05) starch content. Overall, these results provide important information about the peeling effect on the physical and chemical properties of Anggun 1. The information could be used as adding value to healthy food in the Malaysian diet due to the nutritional value of sweet potato.

scholarly journals Influence of temperature regimes of ripening and fermentation stages on the physical and chemical properties of cream and sour-cream butter quality indicators

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
O. O. Bondarchuk
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Sour Cream ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Physical and chemical properties of cream multistep modes of ripening and fermentations are investigation and their role in the production of sour-cream butter is studied. The process of ripening of cream was carried out multistep, regimes were selected depending on seasonal changes in the composition of milk fat. For raw materials of the autumn-winter period, for the values of iodine number 29.1–34.5, the first stage of ripening was carried out at a temperature of 8°C for 2 hours, the second stage – at 21°C for 7 hours, the third stage – at 13°C for 10 hours. For raw of spring-summer period, for the values of iodine number 34.5–40.1, the first stage of ripening was carried out at 21°C for 6 hours, the second stage – at 13°C for 4 hours, the third stage – at 8°C for 8 hours. It has been established that individual modes of low-temperature cream preparation, taking into account seasonal changes in the composition of milk fat, make it possible to obtain cream before churning almost with the same indexes of effective viscosity. The content of the crystalline phase of milk fat under both temperature regimes was 38.7–40.1%, which is sufficient to obtain of proper consistency sour-cream butter. The content of diacetyl and volatile organic acids more depend on the level of fermentation of cream than on the technological regimes of ripening and seasonality of raw materials. It has been proved that an increase in the fermentation degree of cream promotes an increase in the acidity of plasma and the content of aroma-producing components in the butter, and, accordingly, affects the degree of the sour taste. It is recommended for the production of cultured butter to begin the cream when the acidity of the plasma reaches 60ºT, which ensures the formation of high sensorial characteristic of the finished product.

Vegetable oils – raw materials for producing biodiesel

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 286-292
Author(s):  
T. Mamilov ◽  
◽  
G.S. Aitkaliyeva ◽  
A.B. Ismailova ◽  
M.A. Yelubay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Sunflower Oils ◽  
Transesterification Method ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

This paper presents the results of a study of the physical and chemical properties of samples of vegetable oils (sunflower, rapeseed, olive). It has been shown that the viscosity of oils varies from 41.4 to 61.7 cSt at a temperature of 40 ° C for olive and sunflower oils, respectively. The acid numbers of the oil samples were also determined, it was found that the lowest indicator is characteristic of sunflower oil. Pour points of oils also range from -3 to -16 ° C for olive and sunflower oils, respectively. Using the method of IR spectroscopy, functional groups in the composition of samples of vegetable oils were studied and it was shown that the composition of oils contains carbonyl and hydroxyl functional groups, indicating the presence of carboxylic acids. Based on studies of the physical and chemical properties of vegetable oils, it was found that sunflower, olive and rapeseed oils can serve as raw materials for the synthesis of biofuels based on them, since they contain free fatty acids. To obtain biodiesel fuel based on vegetable oils, it is planned to use the transesterification method in the presence of various catalysts (alkaline, acidic, and complex).

Effects of Preparation of Cement Raw Meal with Carbide Slag on the Environment and Equipments

2014 ◽  
Vol 787 ◽  
pp. 123-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya Li Wang ◽  
Su Ping Cui ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Shi Jie Dong ◽  
Yan Yao
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Calcination Process ◽  
Carbide Slag ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Based on the physical and chemical properties of carbide slag, the contents of heavy metals in effluent came from carbide slag drying process were studied, and then the composition of exhaust gas emitted from the carbide slag drying process and calcinations process of raw materials prepared with carbide slag was detected, in order to know whether there are harmful or corrosive gases released and the effect of the emissions on the environment and related equipments. The results indicate that the exhaust gases emitted from the calcination process of raw meal prepared with carbide slag is mainly composed of CO2 and water vapor, and is free from harmful gases. However, a lot of water in carbide slag during the pre-heat and decomposition process under high temperature would accelerate the corrosion of equipments. Simultaneously, a small number of heavy metal ions contained in the carbide slag can cause environmental pollution and sulfides would be adverse to the cement calcination process resulting in the crust blockage of kiln.

Effects of Waste from HDPE Catalyst Process on Melting Behaviour and Thermal Properties of White Opaque Glazes

2014 ◽  
Vol 608 ◽  
pp. 97-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suneeporn Pokaew ◽  
Wantanee Buggakupta ◽  
Thanakorn Wasanapiarnpong
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Linear Thermal Expansion ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Melting Behaviour ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Polyolefin catalyst wastes have been rising with growing high density polyethylene (HDPE) demand. Utilizing on recycling such waste residue has then become a challenging task to achieve. Due to its relatively fine particles, iron oxide-free and consistent composition, the waste can possibly be another alternative for ceramic glaze raw materials. This study observed the replacement of the waste to the conventional glaze raw materials. The residue mainly contains TiO2 along with CaO, Al2O3 and a small amount of chloride. Physical and chemical properties of the waste were characterized. The roles of the waste on melting behaviour and appearance were observed. Colour of the introduced waste-containing glaze was determined by a spectrophotometer. Finally, coefficient of linear thermal expansion of the obtained glazes was done by a dilatometer. Characteristics of the waste-bearing white opaque glazes were reported and discussed.

scholarly journals Isolation and determination of some physical and chemical properties of polysaccharide from black elderberry flowers

2020 ◽  
pp. 95-101
Author(s):  
Игорь Анатольевич Сычев ◽  
Татьяна Викторовна Алимкина
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Предложенный метод количественного определения восстанавливающих моносахаридов в полисахариде позволяет проводить стандартизацию лекарственного растительного сырья цветков бузины черной. На способ стандартизации лекарственного растительного сырья цветков бузины черной по содержанию восстанавливающих моносахаридов в полисахариде оформлено рационализаторское предложение № 1373 от 29.02.2016 г. РязГМУ. The proposed method for the quantitative determination of reducing monosaccharides in a polysaccharide makes it possible to standardize medicinal plant raw materials of black elderberry flowers. On the method of standardization of medicinal plant raw materials of black elderberry flowers in terms of the content of reducing monosaccharides in the polysaccharide, a rationalization proposal No. 1373 dated February 29, 2016 RyazSMU was issued.

scholarly journals Problems in fuelling spark ignition engines with dimethyl ether

2017 ◽  
Vol 170 (3) ◽  
pp. 154-158
Author(s):  
Stanisław KRUCZYŃKI ◽  
Marcin ŚLĘZAK ◽  
Wojciech GIS ◽  
Piotr ORLIŃSKI ◽  
Andrzej KULCZYCKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dimethyl Ether ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Spark Ignition Engines ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Harmful Substances ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

This paper discusses briefly the production technology of dimethyl ether, taking into account plant raw materials and the physical and chemical properties of DME as compared to diesel fuel. The benefits and disadvantages of DME as a fuel are presented and changes in the emission of harmful substances characterised as compared to the combustion of diesel fuel. Also, basic usage problems are addressed, e.g. the wear of engine’s elements, cavity and leakages in the fuel system.

scholarly journals Intercropping of taro and sunn hemp with cutting periods during the cycle

Revista CERES ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
João Nacir Colombo ◽  
Mário Puiatti ◽  
Jaime Barros da Silva Filho ◽  
Ricardo Henrique Silva Santos ◽  
Luiz Antônio dos Santos Dias
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Main Crop ◽  
Sunn Hemp ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

ABSTRACT Intercropping using legumes is one of the ways to protect the main crop, and in long term improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil. The aim of this work was to evaluate the intercropping of Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott (taro) and the tropical legume Crotalaria juncea L. (sunn hemp), cutting sunn hemp at ten periods during the cycle. The experiment was carried out under field conditions between 09/23/2010 and 06/04/2011. It consisted of 11 treatments related to the 10 cutting times of sunn hemp (55, 70, 85,100, 115, 130, 145, 160, 190, and 220 days after sowing - DAS) plus a control of taro with no sunn hemp. During the cycle, taro was evaluated for plant height and incidence of leaf burn. At the time of cutting the sunn hemp, the plant height, fresh and dry matter masses, and nutrient content of the biomass were calculated. During taro harvest, we evaluated the productivity of the mother rhizomes and classified the cormels. Taro plants shaded by sunn hemp showed a lower incidence of leaf burn. The sunn hemp cut from 145 DAS onwards affected the yield of comercial rhizomes and total and agroeconomic indexes. Sunn hemp cut up to 130 DAS provided better performance of taro, without compromising productivity and economic indicators, with the highest amounts of N and K observed in the biomass cut at 115 DAS.

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