scholarly journals Study on Low Carbon Transition for Hazardous Chemical Packaging Based on Life Cycle Assessment and Grey Model

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhijie Feng ◽  
Lin Zhao ◽  
Shuai Wang ◽  
Qian Hou
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Grey Model ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Hazardous Chemicals ◽  
Low Carbon Economy ◽  
Hazardous Chemical

The purpose of this paper was to analyze the development trend of hazardous chemical packaging towards low carbon economy from both qualitative and quantitative perspectives. Four types of relatively small volume packaging with volume/weight less than 450L/400kg, respectively, and three intermediate bulk containers (IBCs), which are widely used for hazardous chemicals were studied to calculate the carbon footprint (CF) from cradle to grave using life cycle assessment (LCA) method and to predict the future carbon emission of hazardous chemical packaging in the next five years (2016-2020), based on the export data of Tianjin Port in China. Grey model (GM) was adopted in the prediction. The results showed that majority of IBCs have lower carbon footprint than other types when the packaging contained same amount of same hazardous chemical. With the development of international trading, the demand of hazardous chemicals will increase as well. As the result, carbon emission generated by hazardous chemical packaging will increase accordingly. However, based on GM simulation result, increasing the amount of IBC use will effectively reduce the relative amount of carbon emission.

An Analysis of Carbon Footprint of Beijing Based on Input-Output Model

2013 ◽  
Vol 807-809 ◽  
pp. 1052-1058
Author(s):  
Zhe Wang ◽  
Yu Li ◽  
Ze Hong Li ◽  
Liang Yuan ◽  
Ji Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Low Carbon Economy ◽  
Leontief Matrix ◽  
Annual Carbon

Climate change caused by increasing carbon emission is harmful to global environment and human society. Developing low-carbon economy through reasonable industries planning and effective utilization of resources is a significant path to achieve the aim of energy saving and carbon emission reduction. The word carbon footprint means carbon emission caused by a certain industry, activity, product or individual, and the issue of carbon emission should be linked with economic activity to analyze, while input-output model is a reliable method to contact two factors. Based on input-output model, this paper calculated direct or indirect carbon emission which is demanded for the products of final consumption in Beijing, and analyzed carbon footprint of each industrial sector in 2005, 2007 and 2010 by operating Leontief matrix. The result demonstrates annual carbon emission of Beijing increased from 10482.68×104ton to 17407.28×104ton during 2000-2011. Manufacturing industry, excavating industry, transportation and postal industry exert supreme impact on carbon emission in Beijing. Carbon footprint of transportation and postal industry and other tertiary industries such as information, business, service, education, science researching industries in 2010 had an obvious rise compare with the data of 2005 and 2007.

Comprehensive Life-Cycle Assessment of SIP Building

2013 ◽  
Vol 353-356 ◽  
pp. 2808-2812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Du ◽  
Huan Fang Zhang ◽  
Nan Liu ◽  
Xu Sheng Yin
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Structural Insulated Panels ◽  
Index Evaluation

Structural Insulated Panels (SIPs) are high performance load-bearing panels, which are considered to be the next generation construction material. Based on the results of the previous studies on SIP building, combined with the theory of life-cycle assessment, this paper constructs a dual-index evaluation model of economical efficiency and carbon emission in life cycle. By adopting the data of previous research, comparisons were conducted between SIP building and traditional masonry-concrete house, which suggests significant advantages of SIP building. The results implicate that SIPs would have extensive popularization potential in the process of development of low-carbon buildings.

scholarly journals Life Cycle Assessment of New High Concentration Photovoltaic (HCPV) Modules and Multi-Junction Cells

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 2916
Author(s):  
Jérôme Payet ◽  
Titouan Greffe
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Active Material ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
High Concentration

Worldwide electricity consumption increases by 2.6% each year. Greenhouse gas emissions due to electricity production raise by 2.1% per year on average. The development of efficient low-carbon-footprint renewable energy systems is urgently needed. CPVMatch investigates the feasibility of mirror or lens-based High Concentration Photovoltaic (HCPV) systems. Thanks to innovative four junction solar cells, new glass coatings, Position Sensitive Detectors (PSD), and DC/DC converters, it is possible to reach concentration levels higher than 800× and a module efficiency between 36.7% and 41.6%. From a circular economy’s standpoint, the use of concentration technologies lowers the need in active material, increases recyclability, and reduces the risk of material contamination. By using the Life Cycle Assessment method, it is demonstrated that HCPV presents a carbon footprint ranking between 16.4 and 18.4 g CO2-eq/kWh. A comparison with other energy means for 16 impact categories including primary energy demand and particle emissions points out that the environmental footprint of HCPV is typically 50 to 100 times lower than fossil fuels footprint. HCPV’s footprint is also three times lower than that of crystalline photovoltaic solutions and is close to the environmental performance of wind power and hydropower.

Research on Techniques of Reducing the Life Cycle Carbon Emission at Building Design Stage

2015 ◽  
Vol 744-746 ◽  
pp. 2306-2309
Author(s):  
Xiao Xing Ou ◽  
De Zhi Li
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon Economy ◽  
Building Life Cycle ◽  
Carbon Economy ◽  
Design Techniques

Constructing low carbon building is inevitable at low carbon economy era. Design is a dominating influence in building life cycle. To design low carbon buildings, this article studies some reasonable design techniques. The article analyses relevant professions of design and puts forward the main techniques and methods during building design stage for reducing carbon emission. These techniques are critical to building life cycle.

scholarly journals A sustainable wood biorefinery for low–carbon footprint chemicals production

Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 367 (6484) ◽  
pp. 1385-1390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhe Liao ◽  
Steven-Friso Koelewijn ◽  
Gil Van den Bossche ◽  
Joost Van Aelst ◽  
Sander Van den Bosch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Printing Ink ◽  
Lower Carbon

The profitability and sustainability of future biorefineries are dependent on efficient feedstock use. Therefore, it is essential to valorize lignin when using wood. We have developed an integrated biorefinery that converts 78 weight % (wt %) of birch into xylochemicals. Reductive catalytic fractionation of the wood produces a carbohydrate pulp amenable to bioethanol production and a lignin oil. After extraction of the lignin oil, the crude, unseparated mixture of phenolic monomers is catalytically funneled into 20 wt % of phenol and 9 wt % of propylene (on the basis of lignin weight) by gas-phase hydroprocessing and dealkylation; the residual phenolic oligomers (30 wt %) are used in printing ink as replacements for controversial para-nonylphenol. A techno-economic analysis predicts an economically competitive production process, and a life-cycle assessment estimates a lower carbon dioxide footprint relative to that of fossil-based production.

Carbon Footprint Research of Landscape Engineering Based on Life Cycle Analysis — Take the Unoccupied Space Landscape Engineering of Wuhan Optics Valley Road (Optics Valley Road One — Liufang Road Section) for Example

2014 ◽  
Vol 584-586 ◽  
pp. 695-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Yun Tang
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Life Cycle Analysis ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Maintenance Management ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Calculating Method ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Planning And Design

Carbon footprint calculation has important guiding significance to carbon emission reduction, especially the carbon footprint research of landscape engineering based on life cycle analysis fully reflects the whole condition of carbon emission in the construction process and effectively guide the whole process conducted with low-carbon. This essay preliminarily analyzes the condition of carbon footprint of life cycle in the construction project of landscape engineering, provides corresponding calculating boundary and calculating method for four stages--planning and design, construction, maintenance management and refurbishment and demolition, and proposes to pay attention to reduce hidden carbon footprint in the stage of planning and design and construction management. The explicit carbon footprint is supposed be reduced in the stage of construction and maintenance management through comprehensive coordination and reasonable material selection. Finally, try to estimate detailed carbon footprint by combining with the project case of unoccupied space landscape engineering of Wuhan Optics Valley Road, which aims at discussing calculating method and parameter of carbon footprint of specific landscape engineering, knowing the condition of carbon emission of each process and providing reference for relevant construction to reduce carbon footprint more effectively in future.

scholarly journals Knowledge Mapping of Carbon Footprint Research in a LCA Perspective: A Visual Analysis Using CiteSpace

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 818
Author(s):  
Shihu Zhong ◽  
Rong Chen ◽  
Fei Song ◽  
Yanmin Xu
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Dairy Industry ◽  
Knowledge Map ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Citespace Analysis

Carbon emissions are inevitably linked to lifestyle and consumption behaviours, and the concept of “carbon footprinting” is now well-recognised beyond academia. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is one of the primary tools for assessing carbon footprints. The aim of this paper is to present a systematic review of literatures focusing on carbon footprint calculated with life cycle assessment. We used CiteSpace software to draw the knowledge map of related research to identify and trace the knowledge base and frontier terminology. It was found that the LCA application in respects of carbon footprint studies was completed mainly for the following aspect: beef production and dairy industry, seafood and fishery, nutrition, urban structure and energy use. The CiteSpace analysis showed the development path of the above aspects, for example, beef production and dairy industry has been a long-term topic in this kind of research, while the topic of nutrition appeared in recent years. There was also a cluster of literature discussing footprint evaluation tools, such as comparing LCA with input–output analysis. The CiteSpace analysis indicated that earlier methodological literature still plays an important role in recent research. Moreover, through the analysis of burst keywords, it was found that agriculture productions (dairy, meat, fish, crop) as well as global climate issues (greenhouse gases emission, global warming potential) have always been the areas of concern, which matches the result of co-citation analysis. Building materials (low-carbon building, natural buildings, sustainable buildings) and soil issues (soil carbon sequestration, soil organic carbon) are the topics of recent concern, which could arouse the attention of follower-up researchers.

scholarly journals Uncertainty Study and Parameter Optimization of Carbon Footprint Analysis for Fermentation Cylinder

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 661
Author(s):  
Hui Zheng ◽  
Meng Xing ◽  
Ting Cao ◽  
Junxia Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Statistical Regression ◽  
Multivariate Statistical

With the rapid development of industry, problems for the ecological environment are increasing day by day, among which carbon pollution is particularly serious. Product carbon emission accounting is the core of sustainable green design. In this paper, the beer fermentation cylinder is taken as an example for low carbon design to get the best combination of design parameters when the carbon emission is the smallest. The life cycle assessment method is used to calculate the carbon footprint of products. In order to analyse the uncertainty and sensitivity of the method, an uncertainty analysis method using data quality characteristics as input of Monte Carlo is proposed. Sensitivity analysis is carried out by multivariate statistical regression and Extended Fourier Amplitude Sensitivity Test (EFAST). The system boundary of fermentation cylinder is determined and the carbon emissions of life cycle are calculated. The quality characteristics of life cycle inventory data (LCI) data are analysed and Monte Carlo simulation is carried out to quantify the uncertainty of LCI. EFAST is used to calculate the sensitivity of LCI and the results are compared with those of multivariate statistical regression to verify the feasibility of the method. Finally, response surface methodology (RSM) is used to optimize the design of parameters. It provides guidance for the establishment of product carbon emission model and low carbon design.

scholarly journals Carbon Emission Estimation of Assembled Composite Concrete Beams during Construction

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1810
Author(s):  
Kaitong Xu ◽  
Haibo Kang ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Ping Jiang ◽  
Na Li
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Composite Beams ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Carbon Emission Reduction ◽  
The Government

At present, the issue of carbon emissions from buildings has become a hot topic, and carbon emission reduction is also becoming a political and economic contest for countries. As a result, the government and researchers have gradually begun to attach great importance to the industrialization of low-carbon and energy-saving buildings. The rise of prefabricated buildings has promoted a major transformation of the construction methods in the construction industry, which is conducive to reducing the consumption of resources and energy, and of great significance in promoting the low-carbon emission reduction of industrial buildings. This article mainly studies the calculation model for carbon emissions of the three-stage life cycle of component production, logistics transportation, and on-site installation in the whole construction process of composite beams for prefabricated buildings. The construction of CG-2 composite beams in Fujian province, China, was taken as the example. Based on the life cycle assessment method, carbon emissions from the actual construction process of composite beams were evaluated, and that generated by the composite beam components during the transportation stage by using diesel, gasoline, and electric energy consumption methods were compared in detail. The results show that (1) the carbon emissions generated by composite beams during the production stage were relatively high, accounting for 80.8% of the total carbon emissions, while during the transport stage and installation stage, they only accounted for 7.6% and 11.6%, respectively; and (2) during the transportation stage with three different energy-consuming trucks, the carbon emissions from diesel fuel trucks were higher, reaching 186.05 kg, followed by gasoline trucks, which generated about 115.68 kg; electric trucks produced the lowest, only 12.24 kg.

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