scholarly journals Histological Assessment of Bone Regeneration by Octacalcium Phosphate and Bone Matrix Gelatin Composites in a Rat Mandibular Defect Model

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fereydoon Sargolzaei Aval ◽  
Eshaghali Saberi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Arab ◽  
Narjes Sargolzaei ◽  
Esmaeel Zare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Octacalcium Phosphate ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Control Group ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Mandibular Bone

Objective: Regeneration of bone defects remains a challenge for maxillofacial and reparative surgeons. The purpose of this histological study was to assess the osteogenic potential of octacalcium phosphate (OCP) and bone matrix gelatin (BMG) alone and in combination in artificially created mandibular bone defects in rats. The quality of the newly formed bone was also evaluated. Methods: Thirty-six male Sprague Dawley rats (6-8 weeks old with 120-150 g weight) were randomly divided into four groups. Defects (3 mm in diameter and 2 mm in depth) were created in the mandible of rats and filled with 6 mg of OCP, BMG or a combination of both (1/4 ratio), respectively. Defects were left unfilled in the control group. To assess osteoinduction and bone regeneration and determine the quality of the newly formed bone, tissue specimens were harvested at seven, 14, and 21 days post-implantation. The specimens were processed, stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and histologically analyzed under light microscopy. Results: In the experimental groups, new bone formation was initiated at the margins of defects from seventh day after implantation. At the end of the study period, the amount of the newly formed bone increased and the bone was relatively mature. Osteoinduction and new bone formation were greater in OCP/BMG group. In the control group, slight amount of new bone had been formed at the defect margins (next to host bone) on day 21. Conclusion: Combination of OCP/BMG may serve as an optimal biomaterial for treatment of mandibular bone defects.

scholarly journals Neutralized Dicalcium Phosphate and Hydroxyapatite Biphasic Bioceramics Promote Bone Regeneration in Critical Peri-Implant Bone Defects

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao-Hueng Chang ◽  
Chun-Liang Yeh ◽  
Yin-Lin Wang ◽  
Kang-Kuei Fu ◽  
Shang-Jye Tsai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Dicalcium Phosphate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Fast Bone ◽  
And Control ◽  
Bone Coverage

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of bone regeneration in developed bioceramics composed of dicalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite (DCP/HA). Critical bony defects were prepared in mandibles of beagles. Defects were grafted using DCP/HA or collagen-enhanced particulate biphasic calcium phosphate (TCP/HA/Col), in addition to a control group without grafting. To assess the efficacy of new bone formation, implant stability quotient (ISQ) values, serial bone labeling, and radiographic and histological percentage of marginal bone coverage (PMBC) were carefully evaluated four, eight, and 12 weeks after surgery. Statistically significant differences among the groups were observed in the histological PMBC after four weeks. The DCP/HA group consistently exhibited significantly higher ISQ values and radiographic and histological PMCB eight and 12 weeks after surgery. At 12 weeks, the histological PMBC of DCP/HA (72.25% ± 2.99%) was higher than that in the TCP/HA/Col (62.61% ± 1.52%) and control groups (30.64% ± 2.57%). After rigorously evaluating the healing of biphasic DCP/HA bioceramics with a critical size peri-implant model with serial bone labeling, we confirmed that neutralized bioceramics exhibiting optimal compression strength and biphasic properties show promising efficacy in fast bone formation and high marginal bone coverage in peri-implant bone defects.

scholarly journals Octacalcium phosphate/gelatin composite facilitates bone regeneration of critical-sized mandibular defects in rats: A quantitative study

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 258-266
Author(s):  
Fereydoon Sargolzaei-Aval ◽  
Eshagh Ali Saberi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Arab ◽  
Narjes Sargolzaei ◽  
Tayebeh Sanchooli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Octacalcium Phosphate ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Mandibular Bone ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Significant Difference

Background. Regeneration of bone defects remains a challenge for maxillofacial surgeons. The present study aimed to compare the effects of octacalcium phosphate (OCP) and the combination of octacalcium phosphate/gelatin (OCP/Gel) on mandibular bone regeneration in rats Methods. In the present study, 36 male Sprague-Dawley rats were used. The animals were randomly assigned to the following experimental groups: OCP (n=12), OCP/Gel (n=12), and the control group (n=12). Defects were created in the rat mandibles and filled with 10 mg of OCP and OCP/Gel disks in the experimental groups. In the control group, however, no substance was administered. Samples were taken on days 7, 14, 21 and 56, respectively, after the implantation. Sections (5 µ) were prepared and stained by H&E. The sections were studied, and the volume fraction of newly formed bone was measured by Dunnett's T3 test based on the significance level (P=0.05). Results. In the experimental groups, the new bone formation began from the margin of defects 7‒14 days after the implantation. During the healing process, the newly formed bone healed a larger area of the defects and grew structurally. In the control group, the defects were primarily filled with dense connective tissue, and only a small amount of new bone was formed. The present study showed a statistically significant difference in the volume of newly formed bone between the experimental groups and the control group (P<0.001). Conclusion. OCP/Gel composite can be beneficial in the healing process of mandibular bone defects.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Bone Regeneration Effect of Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenic Protein-2 on Subperiosteal Bone Graft in the Rat Calvarial Model

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1613
Author(s):  
Eunhye Jang ◽  
Ja-Youn Lee ◽  
Eun-Young Lee ◽  
Hyun Seok
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Graft ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Human Bone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Regeneration Effect ◽  
Recombinant Human Bone

The aim of this study was to evaluate the bone regeneration effect of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) on a subperiosteal bone graft in a rat model. A subperiosteal space was made on the rat calvarium, and anorganic bovine bone (ABB), ABB/low bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) (5 µg), and ABB/high BMP (50 µg) were grafted as subperiosteal bone grafts. The new bone formation parameters of bone volume (BV), bone mineral density (BMD), trabecular thickness (TbTh), and trabecular spacing (TbSp) were evaluated by microcomputed tomography (µ-CT), and a histomorphometric analysis was performed to evaluate the new bone formation area. The expression of osteogenic markers, such as bone sialoprotein (BSP) and osteocalcin, were evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The ABB/high BMP group showed significantly higher BV than the ABB/low BMP (p = 0.004) and control groups (p = 0.000) and higher TbTh than the control group (p = 0.000). The ABB/low BMP group showed significantly higher BV, BMD, and TbTh than the control group (p = 0.002, 0.042, and 0.000, respectively). The histomorphometry showed significantly higher bone formation in the ABB/low and high BMP groups than in the control group (p = 0.000). IHC showed a high expression of BSP and osteocalcin in the ABB/low and high BMP groups. Subperiosteal bone grafts with ABB and rhBMP-2 have not been studied. In our study, we confirmed that rhBMP-2 contributes to new bone formation in a subperiosteal bone graft with ABB.

scholarly journals BAG S53P4 putty as bone graft substitute – a rabbit model

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilkka Saarenpää ◽  
Patricia Stoor ◽  
Janek Frantzén
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Proximal Tibia ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Bone Graft Substitute ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Bone Augmentation ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits

AbstractBioactive glass (BAG) S53P4 granules represent a bone augmentation biomaterial for the surgical treatment of bony defects, even in challenging conditions such as osteomyelitis. The aim of this eight-week rabbit implantation study was to evaluate the biocompatibility and bone regeneration performance of a BAG S53P4 putty formulation following its implantation into the proximal tibia bone of twenty-eight New Zealand white rabbits. BAG S53P4 putty was compared to BAG S53P4 granules (0.5-0.8 mm) to evaluate whether the synthetic putty binder influences the bone regeneration of the osteostimulative granules. The putty formulation facilitates clinical use because of its mouldability, injectability and ease of mixing with autograft. Implantation of putty and granules into proximal tibia defects resulted in good osseointegration of the two groups. Both biomaterials were biocompatible, showed high new bone formation, high vascularization and periosteal growth. No signs of disturbed bone formation were observed due to the PEG-glycerol binder in the BAG S53P4 putty. Instead, intramedullary ossification and stromal cell reaction were more advanced in the putty group compared to the control group (p = 0.001 and p < 0.001). In conclusion, the novel mouldable BAG S53P4 putty showed reliable bone regeneration in bony defects without adverse tissue or cell reactions.

scholarly journals 3D Culture of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BMSCs) Could Improve Bone Regeneration in 3D-Printed Porous Ti6Al4V Scaffolds

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingjia Yu ◽  
Yuanhao Wu ◽  
Jieying Liu ◽  
Bo Li ◽  
Bupeng Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
3D Culture ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Mandibular Bone ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Bone Defect Reconstruction

Mandibular bone defect reconstruction is an urgent challenge due to the requirements for daily eating and facial aesthetics. Three-dimensional- (3D-) printed titanium (Ti) scaffolds could provide patient-specific implants for bone defects. Appropriate load-bearing properties are also required during bone reconstruction, which makes them potential candidates for mandibular bone defect reconstruction implants. However, in clinical practice, the insufficient osteogenesis of the scaffolds needs to be further improved. In this study, we first encapsulated bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) into Matrigel. Subsequently, the BMSC-containing Matrigels were infiltrated into porous Ti6Al4V scaffolds. The Matrigels in the scaffolds provided a 3D culture environment for the BMSCs, which was important for osteoblast differentiation and new bone formation. Our results showed that rats with a full thickness of critical mandibular defects treated with Matrigel-infiltrated Ti6Al4V scaffolds exhibited better new bone formation than rats with local BMSC injection or Matrigel-treated defects. Our data suggest that Matrigel is able to create a more favorable 3D microenvironment for BMSCs, and Matrigel containing infiltrated BMSCs may be a promising method for enhancing the bone formation properties of 3D-printed Ti6Al4V scaffolds. We suggest that this approach provides an opportunity to further improve the efficiency of stem cell therapy for the treatment of mandibular bone defects.

Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells in Rat Mandibular Bone Defects

2019 ◽  
Vol 207 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 138-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubia Teodoro Stuepp ◽  
Priscilla Barros Delben ◽  
Filipe Modolo ◽  
Andrea Gonçalves Trentin ◽  
Ricardo Castilho Garcez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Dental Pulp Stem Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mandibular Bone ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Human Dental Pulp

This study aimed to evaluate the use of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) in non-critical-sized mandibular bone defects in rats. hDPSCs from permanent teeth were isolated and engrafted in mandibular bone defects in rats for 7, 14, and 28 days; bone defects without cells formed the control group. Samples were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), light microscopy (hematoxylin and eosin staining), and the regeneration area was measured by the Image J program. Before surgery procedures, the human dental pulp cells were characterized as dental pulp stem cells: fusiform morphology, plastic-adherent; expression of CD105, CD73, and CD90; lack of expression of CD45 and CD34, and differentiated into osteoblasts, adipocytes, and chondroblasts. The results indicated that within 7 days the control group presented a pronounced bone formation when compared with the treated group (p < 0.05). After 14 days, the treated group showed an increase in bone formation, but with no statistical difference among the groups (p > 0.05). In the final evaluated period there was no difference between the control group and the treated group (p > 0.05). There was a significant difference between 7 and 14 days (p < 0.05) and between 7 and 28 days (p < 0.05) in the treated group. In conclusion, there is no evidence that the use of hDPSCs in the conditions of this study could improve bone formation in non-critical-sized mandibular bone defects.

scholarly journals Biomimetic Octacalcium Phosphate Bone Has Superior Bone Regeneration Ability Than Xenogeneic or Synthetic Bone

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jooseong Kim ◽  
Sukyoung Kim ◽  
In-Hwan Song
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Bone Substitutes ◽  
Octacalcium Phosphate ◽  
Regeneration Ability ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Apatite Crystals ◽  
Biological Apatite

Octacalcium phosphate (OCP) is a precursor of biological apatite crystals that has attracted attention as a possible bone substitute. On the other hand, few studies have examined this material at the experimental level due to the limitations of OCP mass production. Recently, mass production technology of OCP was developed, and the launch of OCP bone substitutes is occurring. In this study, the bone regeneration capacity of OCP products was compared with two of the most clinically used materials: heat-treated bovine bone (BHA) and sintered biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP). Twelve rabbits were used, and defects in each tibia were filled with OCP, BHA, BCP, and left unfilled as control (CON). The tibias were harvested at 4 and 12 weeks, and 15 &mu;m slides were prepared using the diamond grinding method after being embedded in resin. Histological and histomorphometric analyses were performed to evaluate the bone regeneration ability and mechanism. The OCP showed significantly higher resorption and new bone formation in both periods analysed (p&lt;0.05). Overall, OCP bone substitutes can enhance bone regeneration significantly by activating osteoblasts and a rapid phase transition of OCP crystals to biological apatite crystals (mineralisation), as well as providing additional space for new bone formation by rapid resorption.

scholarly journals Healing of Bone Defects in Pig’s Femur Using Mesenchymal Cells Originated from the Sinus Membrane with Different Scaffolds

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Bou Assaf ◽  
Kazem Zibara ◽  
Mohammad Fayyad-Kazan ◽  
Fatima Al-Nemer ◽  
Manal Cordahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Sinus Membrane

Objective. Repairing bone defects, especially in older individuals with limited regenerative capacity, is still a big challenge. The use of biomimetic materials that can enhance the restoration of bone structure represents a promising clinical approach. In this study, we evaluated ectopic bone formation after the transplantation of human maxillary Schneiderian sinus membrane- (hMSSM-) derived cells embedded within various scaffolds in the femur of pigs. Methods. The scaffolds used were collagen, gelatin, and hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate (HA/βTCP) where fibrin/thrombin was used as a control. Histological analysis was performed for the new bone formation. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to assess mRNA and protein levels of specific osteoblastic markers, respectively. Results. Histological analysis showed that the three scaffolds we used can support new bone formation with a more pronounced effect observed in the case of the gelatin scaffold. In addition, mRNA levels of the different tested osteoblastic markers Runt-Related Transcription Factor 2 (RUNX-2), osteonectin (ON), osteocalcin (OCN), osteopontin (OPN), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and type 1 collagen (COL1) were higher, after 2 and 4 weeks, in cell-embedded scaffolds than in control cells seeded within the fibrin/thrombin scaffold. Moreover, there was a very clear and differential expression of RUNX-2, OCN, and vimentin in osteocytes, osteoblasts, hMSSM-derived cells, and bone matrix. Interestingly, the osteogenic markers were more abundant, at both time points, in cell-embedded gelatin scaffold than in other scaffolds (collagen, HA/βTCP, fibrin/thrombin). Conclusions. These results hold promise for the development of successful bone regeneration techniques using different scaffolds embedded with hMSSM-derived cells. This trial is registered with NCT02676921.

scholarly journals Regenerating effect of hyaluronic acid on circumferential bone defects in Wistar albino rats.

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Cecilia Bueno-Beltrán ◽  
◽  
Yerlin Budiel-Salguero ◽  
Sandro Palacios-Bustamante ◽  
Carlos Neyra-Rivera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Demineralized Bone Matrix ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Demineralized Bone

Objective: To determine the regenerating effect of hyaluronic acid on circumferential bone defects in albino Wistar rats. Material and Methods: An experimental type study was designed and carried out with 15 albino male Wistar rats, 4 months old and weighing between 250 and 350 grams. Two circumferential bone defects 3mm in diameter and 0.8mm deep were created in the calvaria of the parietal bone (on both sides of the midline). One defect was filled with a demineralized bone matrix (control group); while the other defect was filled with the combination of a demineralized bone matrix plus hyaluronic acid (experimental group). Five experimental rats were euthanized at 30, 60 and 90 days after surgery and they were histologically evaluated following the parameters proposed by Heiple. Results: The experimental group presented a better degree of bone regeneration at 30 and 60 postoperative days. Conclusion: Hyaluronic acid is effective in bone regeneration of circumferential bone defects.

Histomorphology on Healing of the Chitosan Membrane and β-TCP on Dental Implant Dehiscence Defects in Dogs

2006 ◽  
Vol 309-311 ◽  
pp. 255-258
Author(s):  
Y.S. Kim ◽  
Tae Gyun Kim ◽  
Ui Won Jung ◽  
C.S. Kim ◽  
Seong Ho Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Bone Substitutes ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Autogenous Bone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Chitosan Membrane ◽  
Space Maintenance ◽  
Experimental Group

Dehiscence bone defects, frequently observed on dental implants placed in periodontitis-affected alveolar bone or extraction sockets were treated with β-tricalcium phosphate (β –TCP) and chitosan membrane for guided bone regeneration, and the new bone formation on the treated sites were studied. Beagle dogs were used for the experiment. First to fourth mandibular premolars were extracted, and the post extraction alveolar bone surface was planed. After 8 weeks of healing, 3 by 4mm dehiscence defects were created using straight fissure burs. Total of 16 oxidized titanium surface implants were placed on the bone defects of the subjects, two on each side. Control sites were treated with implants only. Experimental Group 1 sites were treated with implants and chitosan membrane. Experimental Group 2 sites were treated with implants, β-TCP and chitosan membrane. Experimental Group 3 sites were treated with implants, β-TCP, autogenous bone and chitosan membrane. The animals were sacrificed 12 weeks after implant placement, and the specimens from the treated sites were histologically studied with following results. Limited amount of new bone formation was observed in control group with unexposed membrane. Slightly greater amount of bone formation was observed on sites treated with β-TCP+membrane or autogenous bone+ β-TCP+membrane compared to control group. Remnants of chitosan membrane and β-TCP encapsulated with connective tissue were observed during experimental periods. These results suggest that further studies are needed on membrane rigidity and infection control for space maintenance underneath the membrane and bone substitutes in the treatment of dehiscence defects.

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