scholarly journals Measuring the Impact of Technological Innovations on Industrial Products through a Multilayer Network Approach

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Formichini ◽  
Giulio Cimini ◽  
Emanuele Pugliese ◽  
Andrea Gabrielli
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Data ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Network Approach ◽  
Multilayer Network ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Trade Data ◽  
Country Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Robust Evidence ◽  
Innovation Policies

In this work we identify combinations of technological activities that signal the presence local capabilities in a country to successfully export a product. We use country-level patent and trade data to generate a multi-layer network, and we apply maximization of entropy to generate synthetic data to effectively divide signal from noise. We show that in several sectors the signal far exceed the noise. Our exercise provides robust evidence of the presence of synergies between technologies to explain trade performances in specific markets. This can be highly useful for policy makers, to inform industrial and innovation policies.

scholarly journals Influence of Technological Innovations on Industrial Production: A Motif Analysis on the Multilayer Network

Entropy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Formichini ◽  
Giulio Cimini ◽  
Emanuele Pugliese ◽  
Andrea Gabrielli
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Industrial Production ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Motif Analysis ◽  
Multilayer Network ◽  
Statistical Validation ◽  
Trade Data ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Robust Evidence ◽  
Innovation Policies

In this work we aim at identifying combinations of technological advancements that reveal the presence of local capabilities for a given industrial production. To this end, we generated a multilayer network using country-level patent and trade data, and performed motif-based analysis on this network using a statistical-validation approach derived from maximum-entropy arguments. We show that in many cases the signal far exceeds the noise, providing robust evidence of synergies between different technologies that can lead to a competitive advantage in specific markets. Our results can be highly useful for policymakers to inform industrial and innovation policies.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Regulatory Sandbox on the Fintech Industry, with a Discussion on the Relation between Regulatory Sandboxes and Open Innovation

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayoung James Goo ◽  
Joo-Yeun Heo
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Research ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Empirically Supported ◽  
Venture Investment ◽  
Regulatory Uncertainty ◽  
Regulatory Barriers ◽  
The Impact

As the fintech industry grows around the world, regulatory issues continue to be a hot topic within the industry. To overcome regulatory barriers of the fintech industry, regulatory sandboxes have been adopted. The regulatory sandboxes are beneficial to create a fintech ecosystem, but their effectiveness has not been empirically supported. This study aims to find the expected effects of regulatory sandboxes on fintech venture investments empirically. We conducted an analysis using a country-level comparative research method. To analyze it, we selected nine forerunning countries which have initially adopted regulatory sandboxes. For the purpose of validations, a comparative analysis and a regression analysis were conducted. In the results, we found that the adoption of regulatory sandboxes had very positive influences on the growth of the fintech venture investment. The results implied that regulatory sandboxes may play a vital role in increasing the influx of venture capital into the fintech venture ecosystem by removing regulatory uncertainty. The findings of this research contribute to providing the empirical evidences to policy makers in interpretations of the positive impact of regulatory sandboxes.

scholarly journals The impact of country-level and fund-level factors on mutual fund performance in Vietnam

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-56
Author(s):  
Hoa Thi Nguyen ◽  
Dung Thi Nguyet Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Funds ◽  
Mutual Fund ◽  
Investment Decision ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Fund Performance ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Country Level ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the determinants of mutual funds’ performance at both a country level and a fund level in Vietnam. Design/methodology/approach The different types of funds with more than three-year operation are selected to remove outliers of the stock market boom from 2015 to 2018. The data set includes 54 mutual funds operating during the period from 2008 until November 2018. Findings The research finds that there is a positive relationship between macroeconomics and mutual funds’ performance. Furthermore, country-level governance such as regulation effectiveness, political stability, economic growth and financial development has a positive correlation with mutual funds’ performance. However, the impact of fund-level factors is diverse with the no significant impact of board size on mutual fund’s performance, while passive funds perform better than active funds in Vietnam. Practical implications The research results suggest that investors should pay attention to the types of funds and operating expense when making an investment decision in mutual funds. There are some recommendations for both government policy-makers and the mutual fund industry that are likely to facilitate the development of this field in Vietnam. Originality/value The research contributes to the understanding of what are the factors that should be considered when investing in mutual funds.

scholarly journals Socio-economic risk factors of foreign land acquisition in a developing country

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-464
Author(s):  
Ujunwa Augustine ◽  
Chinwe Okoyeuzu ◽  
Anthony Igwe ◽  
Wilfred Isioma Ukpere
Keyword(s):  
Local Development ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Land Acquisition ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Commercial Farming ◽  
Foreign Land ◽  
The Government ◽  
Congo Brazzaville ◽  
The Impact

Large investment in African land has generated serious interest among academicians, policy makers, international and local development agencies as well as civil organization. The debates centre on the phenomenal trajectory and the drivers of this investment in Africa. The inaccuracy or ambiguities in number of deals and institutional specificities has brought in the main, the need to undertake country by country study of foreign land deals in agricultural investment. To suggest vital information that will aid policy formulation and deliberation at country level, the study is on Congo-Brazzaville. This paper explores the factors that influenced foreign land acquisition in Congo, the impact of such investment on the host communities, and faults the decision of the government to make the attraction of foreign investment in agriculture a priority without fashioning out institutional framework that will regulate the investors and promote market discipline. Based on the above, the paper recommends strategies the government should earnestly pursue to mitigate the negativities of the investment and leverage on the benefits of commercial farming in the country, especially, in the area of skill transfer.

scholarly journals The Impact of Economic Complexity on the Formation of Environmental Culture

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 870
Author(s):  
Athanasios Lapatinas ◽  
Anastasia Litina ◽  
Skerdilajda Zanaj
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Environmental Attitudes ◽  
Voluntary Work ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Economic Complexity ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Second Generation Immigrants ◽  
Values And Beliefs ◽  
The Impact

This paper establishes economic complexity as a powerful predictor of environmental attitudes. While the economic complexity index (ECI) has been associated with a series of economic outcomes, yet there has not been a link in the literature between ECI and environmental attitudes. This research pushes forward the hypothesis that economic complexity shapes cultural values and beliefs. The research method used is a multilevel empirical analysis that associates aggregate values of the ECI, at the country level, with individual responses related to attitudes towards the environment. Our findings suggest that a marginal increase of the ECI, increases by 0.191 the probability to be a member of environmental organisations and an increase by 0.259 in the probability to engage in voluntary work for the environment. To further reinforce our findings by ensuring identification we replicate the benchmark analysis using as a proxy of a country’s level of economic complexity, the average ECI of the neighbouring countries (weighted by population and/or volume of trade). With a similar intention, i.e., to mitigate endogeneity concerns as well as to further frame our findings as “the cultural implications of ECI” we replicate our analysis with a sample of second generation immigrants. The immigrant analysis, suggests that the level of economic complexity of the parents’ country of origin, has a long-lasting effect on second generation immigrants’ attitudes related to the environment. Because humankind’s attitudes and actions are of key importance for a sustainable future, a better understanding as to what drives environmental attitudes appears critical both for researchers and policy makers.

scholarly journals Stock index manipulation around election announcements: evidence from Pakistan stock exchange

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Shahbaz Khan ◽  
Razzi Abbas Jafri ◽  
Nida Baig ◽  
Muhammad Shaique ◽  
Muhammad Usman
Keyword(s):  
Stock Returns ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Stock Index ◽  
Individual Country ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Country Level ◽  
General Elections ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this study is to find out the impact of political general elections of Pakistan on KSE-100 index. We employed Event study methodology on closing prices of KSE-100 index over the time period January, 1998 to May, 2013. During our sample period, 3 events of political general Elections occurred i.e., Event1 in 2002, Event2 in 2008, and recently Event3 in 2013. We construct an Event window of 11 days consisting of 5 pre-event days, 1 on-event day, and 5 post-event days. Results of this study show that Events 1 -and 2 put significant negative impact on stock returns, while Event3 demonstrates a significant positive impact on stock returns. This study also revealed the pre -and post-event comparison for all of the three events and, suggested that as soon as the political situation of the country changes, behavior of investors towards political general election also changes. Manipulation in stock index has always been remained an inconclusive phenomenon for investors and policy makers. So, further evidence on an individual country level might suggest fruitful guidelines to both investors and policy makers.

“Ninja Guys in Black Suits”: Alternative Counterterrorism Tools, 1993–2008

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Fuller
Keyword(s):  
Nation Building ◽  
Cruise Missile ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Policy Decisions ◽  
Special Forces ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Obama Administration ◽  
Drone Strikes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Successes And Failures

This chapter talks about the issue of why the Obama administration adopted drone strikes as America's primary counterterrorism tool. By examining the methods applied by Obama's predecessors, such as the deployment of proxy agents; cruise missile strikes; rendition, imprisonment, and interrogation; and Special Forces raids, the chapter places this decision in context. It illustrates the extent to which the adoption of different counterterrorism policies from president to president has as much to do with the successes and failures of their predecessors' efforts as it does the ideological outlook of the policy makers themselves. The chapter also analyzes the impact of wider factors on influencing policy decisions; such as the American public's fatigue over foreign occupations, the financial limitations imposed by a decade of nation building, and the advent of new technological innovations.

scholarly journals Adjusted fatality rates of COVID19 pandemic: a comparison across countries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Canelo-Aybar ◽  
Jessica Beltran ◽  
Marilina Santero ◽  
Pablo Alonso-Coello
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Cruise Ship ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Naive Method ◽  
True Number ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Testing Coverage

Background: A key impact measure of COVID-19 pandemic is the case fatality rate (CFR), but estimating it during an epidemic is challenging as the true number of cases may remain elusive. Objective: To estimate the CFR applying a delay-adjusted method across countries, exploring differences to simple methods and potential correlation to country level variables. Methods: Secondary analysis of publicly available data from countries with ≥500 cases by April 30th. We calculated CFR adjusting for delay time from diagnosis to death and using simple methods for comparison. We performed a random effects meta-analysis to pooling CFRs for all countries and for those with high testing coverage and low positivity rate. We explored correlation of adjusted CFR with age structure and health care resources at country level. Results: We included 107 countries and the Diamond Princess cruise-ship. The overall delay adjusted CFR was 2.8% (95%CI: 2.1 to 3.1) while naive CFR was 5.1% (95%CI: 4.1 to 6.2). In countries with high testing coverage/low positivity rate the pooled adjusted CFR was 2.1% (95%CI: 1.5 to 3.0), there was a correlation with age over 65 years (β = 0.12; 95%CI: 0.06 to 0.18), but not with number of physician or critical care beds. Naive method underestimated the CFR of the CFR with a median of 1.3% across countries. Conclusion: Our best estimation of CFR across countries is 2% and varies according to the aged population size. Modelers and policy makers may consider these results to assess the impact of lockdowns or other mitigation policies.

Markets for Purchased Farm Inputs

2005 ◽  
pp. 60-71
Author(s):  
E. Serova ◽  
O. Shick
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Financial Constraints ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Market Institutions ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Government Organizations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Farm Inputs

Russian policy makers argue that agriculture suffers from decapitalization due to financial constraints faced by producers. This view is the basis for the national agricultural policy, which emphasizes reimbursement of input costs and substitutes government and quasi-government organizations for missing market institutions. The article evaluates the availability of purchased farm inputs, the efficiency of their use, the main problems in the emergence of market institutions, and the impact of government policies. The analysis focuses on five groups of purchased inputs: farm machinery, fertilizers, fuel, seeds, and animal feed. The information sources include official statistics and data from two original surveys.

Managing Service Quality, Food Quality, Price Fairness and Customer Retention: A Holistic Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Ammar Ahmed ◽  
Rafat Naseer ◽  
Muhammad Asadullah ◽  
Hadia Khan
Keyword(s):  
Service Quality ◽  
Food Quality ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Customer Retention ◽  
Price Fairness ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Restaurant Management ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Research Propositions ◽  
The Impact

In this competitive environment, organizations strive to satisfy their customer by providing best quality service at affordable and fair prices with a view to enhance their revenues. To achieve the objective of revenue maximization, organizations strive to identify the factors that help them in retaining their customers. Drawing from the signalling theory of marketing, the current study proposes a novel conceptual model representing the impact of service quality with food quality and price fairness on customer retention in restaurant sector of Pakistan. The paper underlines an important arena of knowledge for academicians as well as organizational scientists on the subject. On the basis of literature available on the variables understudy, the present study forwards eight research propositions worthy of urgent scholarly attention. The conceptualized model of the present article can also be viewed significant in unleashing further avenues for the restaurant management entities, policy makers and future researchers in the domain of managing in the service sector businesses.

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