scholarly journals A Comparative Study on Cooling Period Thermal Comfort Assessment in Modern Open Office Landscape in Estonia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Kiil ◽  
Raimo Simson ◽  
Martin Thalfeldt ◽  
Jarek Kurnitski
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Work Environments ◽  
Office Buildings ◽  
Indoor Climate ◽  
Cooling Period ◽  
Actual Usage ◽  
Air Ventilation ◽  
Local Thermal Comfort

Local thermal comfort (TC) and draught rate (DR) has been studied widely. There has been more meaningful research performed in controlled boundary condition situations than in actual work environments involving occupants. TC conditions in office buildings in Estonia have been barely investigated in the past. In this paper, the results of TC and DR assessment in five office buildings in Tallinn are presented and discussed. Studied office landscapes vary in heating, ventilation and cooling (HVAC) system parameters, room units and elements. All sample buildings were less than six years old, equipped with dedicated outdoor air ventilation system and room conditioning units. The on-site measurements consisted of TC and DR assessment with indoor climate questionnaire (ICQ). The purpose of the survey is to assess the correspondence between HVAC design and the actual situation. Results show, whether and in what extent the standard-based criteria for TC is suitable for actual usage of the occupants. Preferring one room conditioning unit type or system may not guarantee better thermal environment without draught. Although some HVAC systems observed in this study should create the prerequisites for ensuring more comfort, results show that this is not the case for all buildings in this study.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study on Cooling Period Thermal Comfort Assessment in Modern Open Office Landscape in Estonia

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Kiil ◽  
Raimo Simson ◽  
Martin Thalfeldt ◽  
Jarek Kurnitski
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Office Buildings ◽  
Indoor Climate ◽  
Cooling Period ◽  
Actual Usage ◽  
Air Ventilation ◽  
Local Thermal Comfort

Local thermal comfort and draught rate has been studied widely. There has been more meaningful research performed in controlled boundary condition situations than in actual work environments involving occupants. Thermal comfort conditions in office buildings in Estonia have been barely investigated in the past. In this paper, the results of thermal comfort and draught rate assessment in five office buildings in Tallinn are presented and discussed. Studied office landscapes vary in heating, ventilation and cooling system parameters, room units, and elements. All sample buildings were less than six years old, equipped with dedicated outdoor air ventilation system and room conditioning units. The on-site measurements consisted of thermal comfort and draught rate assessment with indoor climate questionnaire. The purpose of the survey is to assess the correspondence between heating, ventilation and cooling system design, and the actual situation. Results show, whether and in what extent the standard-based criteria for thermal comfort is suitable for actual usage of the occupants. Preferring one room conditioning unit type or system may not guarantee better thermal environment without draught. Although some heating, ventilation and cooling systems observed in this study should create the prerequisites for ensuring more comfort, results show that this is not the case for all buildings in this study.

scholarly journals Enhancement of Thermal Comfort Inside the Kitchen of Non-Airconditioned Railway Pantry Car

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 275-291
Author(s):  
Md Sarfaraz Alam ◽  
Urmi Ravindra Salve
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Comfort Level ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Sustainable Improvement ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Air Ventilation

There are ample literature studies available, focusing on hot-humid built environment, which have achieved an increase in thermal comfort conditions by proper installation of ventilation-systems. The present thermal comfort study has been carried out in the kitchen environment of a non-air-conditioned railway pantry car in Indian Railways. The purpose is to enhance thermal comfort level under the currently applied ventilation system inside the kitchen of pantry car by determining the standard effective temperature (SET) index. During the summer and winter seasons, a field study was carried out to obtain the value of air temperature, globe temperature, relative humidity, and air velocity inside the pantry car for estimation of the SET index. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis was used to obtain a better-modified case model of the pantry car kitchen for the improvement of thermal comfort. The design interventions for the pantry car kitchen were created, with emphasis on increasing energy efficiency based on low-power consumption air ventilation system. The study results indicated that, modified case-I model has a better ventilation design concept as compare to the existing and other models, which increased the air velocity and significantly decreased the air temperature inside the kitchen of pantry car at all cooking periods. A value of SET (28.6–30℃) was found with a comfortable thermal sensation within all cooking periods, which is better for the pantry car workers. This finding suggests a sustainable improvement in the thermal environment of the "non-air-conditioned" pantry car kitchen in the Indian Railways, which can be applied immediately.

scholarly journals Using Thermostats for Indoor Climate Control in Office Buildings: The Effect on Thermal Comfort

Energies ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgios Kontes ◽  
Georgios Giannakis ◽  
Philip Horn ◽  
Simone Steiger ◽  
Dimitrios Rovas
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Office Buildings ◽  
Indoor Climate ◽  
Climate Control

Evaluation of Indoor Climate in Big Lecture Hall

2019 ◽  
Vol 887 ◽  
pp. 475-483
Author(s):  
Mária Budiaková
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Lecture Hall ◽  
Experimental Measurements ◽  
Optimal Parameters ◽  
Indoor Climate ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Operation System

The paper is oriented on the evaluation of the indoor climate in the big lecture hall. Providing the optimal parameters of the thermal comfort and the CO2 concentration is immensely important for the students in the interiors of a university. Meeting these parameters is inevitable not only from physiological point of view but also for achieving the desirable students' performance. The high CO2 concentration is related to incorrect and insufficient ventilation in the lecture hall and causes distractibility and feeling of tiredness of students. Experimental measurements were carried out in the winter season in 2016 in the big lecture hall in order to evaluate the thermal comfort and the CO2 concentration. The device Testo 480 was used for the measurements. Obtained values of air temperature, air relative humidity, air velocity, CO2 concentration are presented in the charts. Mechanical ventilation system and operation system of the big university lecture hall were evaluated on the basis of the parameters of the thermal comfort and on the basis of the CO2 concentration. Based on the findings, design recommendations for new big university lecture halls are derived. Furthermore, there are presented recommendations how to operate the existing big university lecture halls.

Numerical analysis of local thermal comfort in a plan office under natural ventilation

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 972-986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Deng ◽  
Zijing Tan
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Comfort Level ◽  
Open Plan ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Internal Volume ◽  
Local Thermal Comfort ◽  
Primary Focus

The utilisation of automatic controlled natural wind in office buildings to maintain indoor thermal comfort has gained wide attention in recent years. Generally, it is not necessary to ensure that the whole internal volume of a building with large open spaces meets thermal comfort requirements. Primary focus should be on occupied areas. Accordingly, the local thermal comfort in an open-plan office with automatic controlled natural ventilation system was investigated numerically and experimentally. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-based method was presented for indoor environment and thermal comfort prediction. Long-term in situ measurement was conducted during summer and transition seasons. The meteorological data were collected by a mini weather station located on the roof of the target building. Meanwhile, indoor air velocity, temperature, turbulence intensity and wall temperatures were recorded locally. Three thermal comfort indices, i.e. thermal stratification represented by percentage dissatisfied (PD), the extended predicted mean vote (PMVe) and draught rate were employed to evaluate the thermal comfort level of the interested areas during natural ventilation period. The numerical results revealed a risk of local thermal dissatisfaction under low outdoor temperature and strong windy conditions.

A Review of the Impact of Vegetation in Solar Control towards Enhanced Thermal Comfort and Energy Performance in Buildings

2019 ◽  
Vol 887 ◽  
pp. 428-434
Author(s):  
Dorcas A. Ayeni ◽  
Olaniyi O. Aluko ◽  
Morisade O. Adegbie
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Indoor Climate ◽  
Solar Control ◽  
The Impact

Man requires a thermal environment that is within the range of his adaptive capacity and if this fluctuates outside the normal, a reaction is required beyond its adaptive capacity which results to health challenges. Therefore, the aim of building design in the tropical region is to minimize the heat gain indoors and enhance evaporative cooling of the occupants of the space so as to achieve thermal comfort. In most cases, the passive technologies are not adequate in moderating indoor climate for human comfort thereby relying on active energy technique to provide the needed comfort for the building users. The need for the use of vegetation as a panacea for achieving comfortable indoor thermal conditions in housing is recognised by architects globally. However, the practice by architects in Nigeria is still at the lower ebb. The thrust of this paper therefore is to examine the impact of vegetation in solar control reducing thermal discomfort in housing thereby enhancing the energy performance of the buildings. Using secondary data, the paper identifies the benefits of vegetation in and around buildings to include improvement of indoor air quality through the aesthetics quality of the environment and concludes that vegetation in and around building will in no small measure contributes to saving energy consumption.

scholarly journals Assessing the thermal comfort in non-air conditioned classrooms in Ho Chi Minh City

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (T4) ◽  
pp. 232-240
Author(s):  
Nam Thi Que Nguyen ◽  
Nam Thi Que Nguyen ◽  
Thanh Cong Tran
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Thermal Condition ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Indoor Climate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Class Time

Thermal comfort is a parameter to assess environmental indoor quality which affects especially performance of students. A cross-sectional study was conducted in classrooms at a university campus in Ho Chi Minh City to assess the thermal condition during the class time. Microclimate parameters were measured at the same time when students answered the survey on their thermal sensation and acceptability of the indoor climate. Objective data analysis from adaptive PMV model for non-air-conditioned buildings revealed that none of classes had the thermal condition were in the comfort zone of TCVN 7438:2004, coinciding with the subjective result from the surveys. The research showed that 72 percent of the 472 students did not accept the thermal environment and 91.3 percent of students preferred cooler. The suggested neutral temperature was 29.4 oC, the derived from the linear regression between adaptive Predicted Mean Vote (aPMV) and operative temperature (To).

scholarly journals Evaluation of Thermal Comfort in the Traditional Bourgeoisie Houses in Beirut

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. p1
Author(s):  
Jad Hammoud ◽  
Elise Abi Rached
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Comfort Level ◽  
Climate Zones

The increasing of energy demands has considerably increased the requirements for new and traditional buildings in different climate zones. Unprecedented heat waves have increased climate temperature, in particular, in moderate climate zones such as Lebanon. In Beirut, only the residential sector consumes 50% of total electricity consumption. HVAC (Heating, Ventilation and Air conditioning) systems are used to reach acceptable thermal comfort levels in the new residential buildings. In case of the traditional bourgeoisie houses in Beirut, there are no discussions about the use of HVAC systems to achieve the required thermal comfort level. Thus, to reach an acceptable thermal comfort level, these houses which already contain natural ventilation system shall adapt the modern thermal comfort requirements and thermal comfort strategies and technologies where their architectural features and existing materials condition the available solutions. In order to identify the best options within the possible intervention lines (envelopes, passive strategies, equipment, renewable energy systems), it is necessary to perceive the real performance of this type of houses. In this context, the article presents the results of the study of thermal performance and comfort in a three case studies located in Beirut. Detailed field data records collected are analyzed, with a view to identify the indoor thermal environment with respect to outdoor thermal environment in different seasons. Monitoring also included measurement of hygrothermal parameters and surveys of occupant thermal sensation.

scholarly journals Assessment of indoor thermal environment of Aceh house based on WBGT index

2021 ◽  
Vol 881 (1) ◽  
pp. 012023
Author(s):  
Muslimsyah ◽  
A Munir ◽  
Y Away ◽  
Abdullah ◽  
K Huda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Cooling Process ◽  
Temperature Index ◽  
Indoor Thermal Environment ◽  
Temperature Ranges

Abstract Thermal comfort is one of the standard assessments of building thermal environment. Air movement is an important parameter for in a naturally ventilated to achieve thermal comfort by accelerating the evaporative cooling process on the human body. Aceh House has a standard of thermal comfort with a vernacular architecture with a natural ventilation system. This vernacular architectural building has a fairly high harmonization of the environment because it has undergone a process of adaptation. In this study, observations were made at the Original House (OH), the Adaptive Reuse House (ARH), and the Aceh Modified House (AMH). By using the method of assessing changes in environmental comfort, using Wet Bulb Temperature Index (WBGT) method, the minimum and maximum temperature ranges are 25°C and 30°C. In the WBGT thermal rating, AMH has the higher thermal and is followed by ARH and OH respectively. Thus, OH has lower thermal compared to other Aceh houses.

Enhanced effects of footwarmer by wearing sandals in winter office: A Swedish case study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1420326X2091397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Yang ◽  
Zhe Li ◽  
Bin Zhou ◽  
Thomas Olofsson ◽  
Angui Li
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Thermal Stimulus ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Heating Effects ◽  
Localized Heating ◽  
Cooling Devices ◽  
Local Thermal Comfort

Human-centred thermal environment conditioning can guarantee thermal comfort needs of human occupants in their micro-environments by using localized heating/cooling devices. Meanwhile, less intensified thermal conditioning of unoccupied surrounding environments can achieve heating/cooling energy efficiency. The concept was originated from task/ambient conditioning, which was developed for personal comfort systems. Most of the localized heating/cooling devices are workstation based or chair based. Task conditioning would become more closely to targets (human bodies) by using special clothing materials or thermoelectric elements. From thermal physiological viewpoints, thermal stimulus to thermally sensitive body parts may generate better results for not only local thermal comfort but also for whole body thermal comfort. Thermal stimulus to the extremities (feet) has demonstrated good thermal comfort effects. Scandinavians are accustomed to outdoor harsh environments and prefer wearing heavy shoes' outdoors in winter. They have the habit of changing heavy shoes to sandals when entering offices, which give the opportunity to enhance localized heating effects of footwarmers by reducing shoes’ thermal resistance. Climatic chamber tests with 32 Nordic subjects were performed under different indoor ambient heating temperatures with/without the aid of footwarmers. With footwarmers and sandals, indoor heating temperature at 16°C was acceptable, which achieved energy efficient thermal comfort.

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