scholarly journals Potential in Vitro Elicitation of Secondary Metabolite Using Sodium Azide in Tissue Culture of Nigella sativa and Its Eeffect on DNA Damage Inhibition

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Shariq Iqbal ◽  
Zahra Iqbal ◽  
Abeer Hashem ◽  
Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah ◽  
Asif Jafri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Sodium Azide ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Culture Extract

Nigella sativa (NS) is an effective medicinal plant possessing noteworthy antioxidant property. In NS, there are more than hundred phyto-chemicals reported, out of which thymoquinone is the utmost active phyto-constituent having sturdy antioxidative property. Thymoquinone is a cyclicdione, when reacts with sodium azide, converts into α-azido ketones i.e its analogs which are handy with extensive range of reactions. Sodium azide induces stress in plants thereby, modulating the antioxidant system. The present investigation was planned to elucidate the effect of sodium azide at different concentrations (5µM, 10µM, 20µM, 50µM, 100µM and 200µM) on its secondary metabolites (mainly thymoquinone) in NS callus culture extract (NSE). The results showed sodium azide effect on thymoquinone content and a concentration dependent boost in antioxidant property. It was also observed that thymoquinone content and percent yield (analyzed by RP-HPLC; Reverse Phase- High Performance Liquid Chromatography) were minimum (0.033±0.006% and 0.420±0.045%, respectively) at 200 µM sodium azide used. Whereas, antioxidant activity (analyzed by DPPH; 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) was found to be maximum (3.873±0.402%) at same dose. Further, analysis was done for inhibition of oxidative DNA damage at different concentrations of sodium azide on NSE, maximum inhibition of DNA damage (0.243±0.017%) was found at 200 µM concentration of sodium azide. When correlated, strong positive correlation was observed between percent yield and percent thymoquinone, antioxidant property and inhibition of DNA damage. Whereas, strong negative correlation was observed between percent yield and antioxidant property, percent thymoquinone and antioxidant property, percent thymoquinone and inhibition of DNA damage. The findings evidently point out that the content of thymoquinone, antioxidant property and inhibition of DNA damage was affected by sodium azide.

scholarly journals Nigella sativa callus treated with sodium azide exhibit augmented antioxidant activity and DNA damage inhibition

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Shariq Iqbal ◽  
Zahra Iqbal ◽  
Abeer Hashem ◽  
Al-Bandari Fahad Al-Arjani ◽  
Elsayed Fathi Abd-Allah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Sodium Azide ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Fresh Weight

AbstractNigella sativa L. (NS) is an herbaceous plant, possessing phytochemicals of therapeutic importance. Thymoquinone is one of the active phytochemicals of NS that confers noteworthy antioxidant properties. Sodium azide, an agent of abiotic stress, can modulates antioxidant system in plants. In the present investigation, sodium azide (0, 5 µM, 10 µM, 20 µM, 50 µM, 100 µM and 200 µM) doses administered to the in vitro NS callus cultures for production/modification of secondary metabolites with augmented activity. 200 µM sodium azide treated NS callus exhibited maximum peroxidase activity (1.286 ± 0.101 nanokatal mg−1 protein) and polyphenol oxidase activity (1.590 ± 0.110 nanokatal mg−1 protein), while 100 µM sodium azide treated NS callus for optimum catalase activity (1.250 ± 0.105 nanokatal mg−1 protein). Further, 200 µM sodium azide treated NS callus obtained significantly the highest phenolics (3.666 ± 0.475 mg g−1 callus fresh weight), 20 µM sodium azide treated NS callus, the highest flavonoids (1.308 ± 0.082 mg g−1 callus fresh weight) and 100 µM sodium azide treated NS callus, the highest carotenes (1.273 ± 0.066 mg g−1 callus fresh weight). However, NS callus exhibited a decrease in thymoquinone yield/content vis-à-vis possible emergence of its analog with 5.3 min retention time and an increase in antioxidant property. Treatment with 200 µM sodium azide registered significantly the lowest percent yield of callus extract (4.6 ± 0.36 mg g−1 callus fresh weight) and thymoquinone yield (16.65 ± 2.52 µg g−1 callus fresh weight) and content (0.36 ± 0.07 mg g−1 callus dry weight) and the highest antioxidant activity (3.873 ± 0.402%), signifying a negative correlation of the former with the latter. DNA damage inhibition (24.3 ± 1.7%) was recorded significantly maximum at 200 µM sodium azide treatment. Sodium azide treated callus also recorded emergence of a new peak at 5.3 min retention time (possibly an analog of thymoquinone with augmented antioxidant activity) whose area exhibits significantly negative correlation with callus extract yield and thymoquinone yield/content and positive correlation with antioxidant activity and in vitro DNA damage inhibition. Thus, sodium azide treatment to NS callus confers possible production of secondary metabolites or thymoquinone analog (s) responsible for elevated antioxidant property and inhibition to DNA damage. The formation of potent antioxidants through sodium azide treatment to NS could be worthy for nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries.

Matrix metalloproteinase-2 inhibition activity of Plukenetia volubilis L. leaves extract for anti-aging application

Food Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 120-126
Author(s):  
N. Wuttisin ◽  
T. Nararatwanchai ◽  
A. Sarikaphuti
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ◽  
Human Skin Fibroblast ◽  
Inhibition Activity ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Plukenetia Volubilis

Plukenetia volubilis L. leaves were part of the traditional diets in many countries. P. volubilis leaves were used to make tea and sold as local products in Thailand. There is less information on the composition of P. volubilis leaves. Previous study revealed that roasted leaves extract with hot water showed the highest antioxidant activity and the antioxidant property might be due to the presence of flavonoid. The present study was carried out to determine the quercetin content in P. volubilis leaves extract and evaluate the anti-aging potential activities including MMP-2 inhibition activity and telomerase stimulation activity. P. volubilis leaves were roasted in hot air oven and extracted with hot water. The extract was investigated for quercetin content by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In vitro cytotoxicity, MMP-2 inhibition activity and telomerase stimulation activity were determined for anti-aging properties. The results revealed that P. volubilis leaves contained quercetin 50.50±4.78 mg/g DW. The extract showed no cytotoxicity on human skin fibroblast with cell viability of 96.76-120.83%. It demonstrated the potential of MMP-2 inhibition (8.74±2.84%) activity but lower than ascorbic acid. P. volubilis leave extract did not have telomerase stimulation activity on the human Hela cell line. However, the results from this study have indicated the possibility of anti-aging potential of P. volubilis leaves extract.

scholarly journals Beta-carotene enhances the recovery of lymphocytes from oxidative DNA damage.

1998 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Fillion ◽  
A Collins ◽  
S Southon
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
Enhanced Recovery ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Causal Mechanism ◽  
Strand Breaks

Epidemiological studies have revealed a strong correlation between high intake of fruit and vegetables and low incidence of certain cancers. Micronutrients present in these foods are thought to decrease free radical attack on DNA and hence protect against mutations that cause cancer, but the fine details of the causal mechanism have still to be elucidated. Whether dietary factors can modulate DNA repair--a crucial element in the avoidance of carcinogenesis--is an intriguing question that has not yet been satisfactorily answered. In order to investigate the effects of beta-carotene on oxidative damage and its repair, volunteers were given a single 45 mg dose and lymphocytes taken before and after the supplement were treated in vitro with H2O2. DNA strand breaks and oxidised pyrimidines were measured at intervals, to monitor the removal of oxidative DNA damage. We found inter-individual variations in response. In cases where the baseline plasma beta-carotene concentration was high, or where supplementation increased the plasma concentration, recovery from oxidative damage (i.e. removal of both oxidised pyrimidines and strand breaks) was relatively rapid. However, what seems to be an enhancement of repair might in fact represent an amelioration of the continuing oxidative stress encountered by the lymphocytes under in vitro culture conditions. We found that culture in a 5% oxygen atmosphere enhanced recovery of lymphocytes from H2O2 damage.

scholarly journals In Vitro Studies on Pesticide-Induced Oxidative DNA Damage

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 479
Author(s):  
Özlem Demirci ◽  
Bircan Çeken Toptancı ◽  
Murat Kızıl
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
In Vitro Studies

scholarly journals Molecular Mechanisms of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle-Induced Genotoxicity

Materials ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agmal Scherzad ◽  
Till Meyer ◽  
Norbert Kleinsasser ◽  
Stephan Hackenberg
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Zno Nps ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects

Background: Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are among the most frequently applied nanomaterials in consumer products. Evidence exists regarding the cytotoxic effects of ZnO NPs in mammalian cells; however, knowledge about the potential genotoxicity of ZnO NPs is rare, and results presented in the current literature are inconsistent. Objectives: The aim of this review is to summarize the existing data regarding the DNA damage that ZnO NPs induce, and focus on the possible molecular mechanisms underlying genotoxic events. Methods: Electronic literature databases were systematically searched for studies that report on the genotoxicity of ZnO NPs. Results: Several methods and different endpoints demonstrate the genotoxic potential of ZnO NPs. Most publications describe in vitro assessments of the oxidative DNA damage triggered by dissoluted Zn2+ ions. Most genotoxicological investigations of ZnO NPs address acute exposure situations. Conclusion: Existing evidence indicates that ZnO NPs possibly have the potential to damage DNA. However, there is a lack of long-term exposure experiments that clarify the intracellular bioaccumulation of ZnO NPs and the possible mechanisms of DNA repair and cell survival.

Induction of oxidative DNA damage and enhancement of cell proliferation in human lymphocytes in vitro by butylated hydroxyanisole

1995 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 507-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.A.E.L. Schilderman ◽  
E. Rhijnsburger ◽  
I. Zwingmann ◽  
J.C.S. Kleinjans
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Butylated Hydroxyanisole

scholarly journals The Radiosensitizing Effect of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in Sub-Cytotoxic Dosing Is Associated with Oxidative Stress In Vitro

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 4062
Author(s):  
Till Jasper Meyer ◽  
Agmal Scherzad ◽  
Helena Moratin ◽  
Thomas Eckert Gehrke ◽  
Julian Killisperger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
Clonogenic Survival ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Radiosensitizing Effect ◽  
Primary Fibroblasts

Radioresistance is an important cause of head and neck cancer therapy failure. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NP) mediate tumor-selective toxic effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential for radiosensitization of ZnO-NP. The dose-dependent cytotoxicity of ZnO-NP20 nm and ZnO-NP100 nm was investigated in FaDu and primary fibroblasts (FB) by an MTT assay. The clonogenic survival assay was used to evaluate the effects of ZnO-NP alone and in combination with irradiation on FB and FaDu. A formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase (FPG)-modified single-cell microgel electrophoresis (comet) assay was applied to detect oxidative DNA damage in FB as a function of ZnO-NP and irradiation exposure. A significantly increased cytotoxicity after FaDu exposure to ZnO-NP20 nm or ZnO-NP100 nm was observed in a concentration of 10 µg/mL or 1 µg/mL respectively in 30 µg/mL of ZnO-NP20 nm or 20 µg/mL of ZnO-NP100 nm in FB. The addition of 1, 5, or 10 µg/mL ZnO-NP20 nm or ZnO-NP100 nm significantly reduced the clonogenic survival of FaDu after irradiation. The sub-cytotoxic dosage of ZnO-NP100 nm increased the oxidative DNA damage compared to the irradiated control. This effect was not significant for ZnO-NP20 nm. ZnO-NP showed radiosensitizing properties in the sub-cytotoxic dosage. At least for the ZnO-NP100 nm, an increased level of oxidative stress is a possible mechanism of the radiosensitizing effect.

scholarly journals N-Acetyl Cysteine as a Novel Polymethyl Methacrylate Resin Component: Protection against Cell Apoptosis and Genotoxicity

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Jian-feng Xiao ◽  
He-feng Yang ◽  
Yang Jiao ◽  
Wei-wei Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Polymethyl Methacrylate ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
Redox Regulation ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Mitochondrial Apoptosis ◽  
Acetyl Cysteine ◽  
Pmma Resin

The present study investigated the antiapoptotic and antigenotoxic capabilities of N-acetyl cysteine- (NAC-) containing polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) resin. An in vitro Transwell insert model was used to mimic the clinical provisional restorations placed on vital teeth. Various parameters associated with cell apoptosis and genotoxicity were investigated to obtain a deeper insight into the underlying mechanisms. The exposure of human dental pulp cell (hDPC) cultures to the PMMA resin (Unifast Trad™) resulted in a rapid increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) level beginning at 1 h, which was followed by time-dependent cell detachment and overt death. The formation of γ-H2AX and cell cycle G1 phase arrest indicated that oxidative DNA damage occurred as a result of the interactions between DNA bases and ROS, beyond the capacities of cellular redox regulation. Such oxidative DNA damage triggers the activation of p53 via the ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) signaling pathway and the induction of intrinsic mitochondrial apoptosis. Oxidative stress, cell apoptosis, and DNA damage induced by the PMMA resin were recovered to almost the level of untreated controls by the incorporation of NAC. The results indicate that the PMMA resin induced the intrinsic mitochondrial apoptosis as a consequence of p53 activation via the ATM pathway in response to oxidative DNA damage. More importantly, the incorporation of NAC as a novel component into the Unifast Trad™ PMMA resin offers protective effects against cell apoptosis and genotoxicity. This procedure represents a beneficial strategy for developing more biocompatible PMMA-based resin materials.

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