scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Different Combinations of Composting and Testing of Soil Physical Properties

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tej Kumar Nepal ◽  
Ugyen Dorji ◽  
Yeshi Nidup ◽  
Chencho Wangdi ◽  
Kelzang Tshering ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Kitchen Waste ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Aerobic Process ◽  
Potato Peels

During composting process, soils undergo many changes in their physical, chemical and biological properties. Composting has been widely known as an aerobic process during which organic matter is decomposed to humus like substances broken into many organic materials or compounds. The project aims to compare and analyze different combination of composting that yield different properties and nature of soils, and testing their soil physical properties. Dug three compost pits each 1.5 m in depth, labeled compost pit A consisting of potato peels – the only kitchen waste most common around the college hostels, compost pit B consisting of leaf litter and other garden trimmings and compost pit C consisting of cow dung and the other as a controlled experiment with no composting practices.

scholarly journals Effect of Lignite Fly Ash on the Growth and Reproduction of Earthworm Eisenia fetida

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 511-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sarojini ◽  
S. Ananthakrishnasamy ◽  
G. Manimegala ◽  
M. Prakash ◽  
G. Gunasekaran
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Eisenia Fetida ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Lignite Fly Ash ◽  
Agricultural Use ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

Fly ash is an amorphous ferroalumino silicate, an important solid waste around thermal power plants. It creates problems leading to environmental degradation due to improper utilization or disposal. However, fly ash is a useful ameliorant that may improve the physical, chemical and biological properties of soils and is a source of readily available plant macro and micronutrients when it is used with biosolids. Supply of nutrients from fly ash with biosolids may enhance their agricultural use. The growth and reproduction ofEisenia fetidawas studied during vermicomposting of fly ash with cowdung and pressmud in four different proportions (T1,T2,T3& T4) and one controli.e.,cow dung and pressmud alone. The growth, cocoon and hatchlings production were observed at the interval of 15 days over a period of 60 days. The maximum worm growth and reproduction was observed in bedding material alone. Next to that the T1was observed as the best mixture for vermiculture.

scholarly journals Comparison of wheat and safflower cultivation areas in terms of total carbon and some soil properties under semi-arid climate conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1007-1024
Author(s):  
B. Turgut
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Arid Climate ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Semi Arid

Abstract. The aim of this study was to compare the soils of the wheat cultivation area (WCA) and the safflower cultivation area (SCA) within semi-arid climate zones in terms of their total carbon, nitrogen, sulphur contents, particle size distribution, aggregate stability, organic matter content, and pH values. This study presents the results from the analyses of 140 soil samples taken at two soil layers (0–10 and 10–20 cm) in the cultivation areas. At the end of the study, it has been established that there were significant differences between the cultivation areas in terms of soil physical properties such as total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), total sulphur (TS) contents and pH, while only the TN content resulted in significantly different between the two soil layers. Moreover significant differences were identified in the cultivation areas in terms of soil physical properties including clay and sand contents, aggregate stability and organic matter content, whereas the only significant difference found among the soil layers was that of their silt content. Since safflower contains higher amounts of biomass than wheat, we found higher amounts of organic matter content and, therefore, higher amounts of TN and TS content in the soils of the SCA. In addition, due to the fact that wheat contains more cellulose – which takes longer to decompose – the TC content of the soil in the WCA were found to be higher than that of the SCA. The results also revealed that the WCA had a higher carbon storage capacity.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Gambut Terbakar Terhadap Beberapa Sifat Fisika Gambut di Kecamatan Tripa Makmur

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 416-425
Author(s):  
Teuku Muhammad Afrizal ◽  
Hairul Basri ◽  
Muhammad Rusli Alibasyah
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
The Other ◽  
Volume Weight ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstrak. Gambut mengandung bahan organik yang tinggi. Gambut yang didrainase rentan terhadap kebakaran. Pemanfaatan gambut di Aceh sangat luas. Umumnya, gambut sering dibakar agar dapat dengan cepat dimanfaatkan., khususnya di Kecamatan Tripa Makmur Kabupaten Nagan Raya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat seberapa jauh tingkat perubahan sifat fisika gambut terbakar Rawa Tripa Kabupaten Nagan Raya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata berat volume tertinggi terdapat pada sampel T1 (top soil) yaitu  0,36 g cm-3 dan terendah pada T0 (sub soil) yaitu  0,17 g cm-3. Kadar air tertinggi  terdapat pada sampel T0 (sub soil)  yaitu 234,82% dan terendah pada T1 (top soil) yaitu 81,96%. Porositas tertinggi terdapat pada sampel gambut T0  (sub soil) yaitu 94,93% dan terendah pada T1 (top soil) yaitu 65,28%. Permeabilitas tertinggi terdapat pada T0 (sub soil) yaitu 33,80 cm/jam dan terendah pada T1 (top soil) yaitu 16,10 cm/jam. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan yang signifikan pada parameter berat volume dengan t hitung (3,482) t tabel (1, 943), sedangkan pada parameter lainnya tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan. Tingkat kematangan gambut di kawasan Tripa Makmur adalah hemik. Kedalaman gambut sebesar 3 meter.  Subsiden tertinggi adalah 100 cm pada gambut terbakar di tahun 2015. Warna  gambut adalah coklat kehitaman. The Effect of Burning Peat on Some of The Physical Porperties of Peat Soil in The Tripa Makmur Sub DistrictAbstract. Peat contains high organic matter. Drained peat is susceptible to fire. The use of peat in Aceh is very broad. Peat is often burned so that it can be quickly utilized especially in Tripa makmur Sub Districk, Nagan Raya Districk. This study aims to see how far the rate of change in the physical properties of peat is burning Rawa Tripa in Nagan Raya District. The results showed that the highest average of volume weight was found in T1(top soil) 0,36 g cm-3 and the lowest in T0(sub soil) 0,17 g cm-3. The highest water content was found inT0(sub soil) 234,82%  and the lowest was on T1(top soil) 81,96%. The highest porosity was found T0(sub soil) 94,93% and the lowest in T1(top soil) 65,28%. The highest permeability is found in T0(sub soil) 33,80 cm/hour and the lowest is on T1(top soil) 16,10 cm/hour. The results of statistical tests show that there is a significant difference in the parameters of volume weight with t count 3,482 t table 1,943, while in the other parameters have no significant differences. The level of maturity in the Tripa Makmur area is hemik. Peat depth of 3 meters. The highest subsidance is 100 cm on burning peat in 2015. The color of this peat is blackish brown. 

scholarly journals Optimum Weed Control Method Increases the Yield of Kinnow by Improving the Physical Properties of Soil

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. SAJID ◽  
S. AHMAD ◽  
M.J. JASKANI ◽  
M. YASIN
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Wood Chip ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Spad Value

ABSTRACT: Going towards sustainable fruit culture, it is very important that soil fertility should maintain by adopting the proper weeds control and adding the organic matter. This research was carried out to identify the most suitable weed control method for Kinnow orchard. The plants of Kinnow at the age of 6 years grown under drip irrigation were selected. Weeds of orchard were managed by mulching (wood chip and black polyethylene), mechanical (cultivator and rotavator) and chemical (glyphosate) methods. Mechanical weed control was taken as control treatment. The plants where wood chip mulching was used for weed control showed maximum increase in shoot length (24.00 cm), chlorophyll contents (84.00 SPAD value) and yield (11.88 ton ha-1) followed by the plants where weeds were controlled with chemical control while lowest shoot length (12.00 and 12.33 cm), chlorophyll contents (41.00 and 42.67 SPAD value) and yield (3.80 and 4.70 ton) was achieved in cultivator and rotavator treatment respectively. Wood chip mulch also improved soil physical properties by reducing bulk density (1.49 Mg m-3), soil penetration resistance (785.33 kPa) and by enhancing soil organic matter (1.17%), hydraulic conductivity (34.50 mm/hr-1) and soil microbial biomass carbon (159.68 g kg-1) followed by glyphosate control while lowest values of soil physical properties were obtained in cultivator and rotavator weed control. Wood chip mulch also reduced weed dry weight (45.25 g) and efficiently controlled weeds (95.66%) as compared to other weed control methods. In this case, wood chip mulch performed better in all studied parameters than plastic mulch, rotavator, cultivator and glyphosate weed control. So, wood chip mulch should be recommended to citrus grower for improving soil physical properties and yield.

The influence of particle size distribution on soil physical properties

1986 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. D. Towner
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
The Other ◽  
Saturated Soils ◽  
Fine Silt ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Field Behaviour

SummaryBatcombe series soils readily break down to good tilths, Beccles series soils form cloddy seed beds that are resistant to weathering, and Stackyard series soils form unstable tilths that readily break down. The soils differ in their particle-size distribution. The proposition that such differences contributed to the differences in field behaviour was examined by forming artificial soils, each of which was made up from particles of one of the soils, but redistributed with respect to size in the proportion in which they occurred in one of the other soils.As a measure of the relevant physical properties, breaking strengths and bulk densities of cylindrical ‘clods’ moulded from the artificial soils were determined. To aid interpretation of the observed soil properties, similar measurements were made on individual fractions, on various other mixtures and on the parent soils.The breaking strengths of the soils made up to a given particle-size distribution from particles from the different parent soils were reasonably close to each other, with those for the Beccles distribution being more variable. There was a significant difference between the two. The strength of the reconstituted Batcombe soil was markedly greater than that of its parent soil, whereas that for Beccles soil was markedly less. There was little difference for the Stackyard soil.The bulk densities of saturated soils reconstituted from all nine fractions could be estimated reasonably accurately from the properties of the separate components. The structure of each of these soils in the air-dry state was inferred from comparisons between measured and calculated bulk densities. The breaking strengths of air-dry reconstituted soils were estimated from the properties of the separate components, and agreed reasonably well with the measured values for soils in which the clay and fine silt fractions predominated.Whereas it was generally possible to predict various physical properties of the reconstituted soils from those of the separate fractions, it was not possible to extrapolate the results to explain field behaviour.

scholarly journals Soil physical properties of high mountain fields under bauxite mining

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 419-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalmo Arantes de Barros ◽  
José Aldo Alves Pereira ◽  
Mozart Martins Ferreira ◽  
Bruno Montoani Silva ◽  
Diógenes Ferreira Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Soil Density ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Bauxite Mining ◽  
Water Dispersible ◽  
Environmental Controls

Mining contributes to the life quality of contemporary society, but can generate significant impacts, these being mitigated due to environmental controls adopted. This study aimed to characterize soil physical properties in high-altitude areas affected by bauxite mining, and to edaphic factors responses to restoration techniques used to recover mined areas in Poços de Caldas plateau, MG, Brazil. The experiment used 3 randomized block design involving within 2 treatments (before mining intervention and after environmental recovery), and 4 replicates (N=24). In each treatment, soil samples with deformed structures were determined: granulometry, water-dispersible clay content, flocculation index, particle density, stoniness level, water aggregate stability, and organic matter contend. Soil samples with preserved structures were used to determine soil density and the total volume of pores, macropores, and micropores. Homogenization of stoniness between soil layers as a result of soil mobilization was observed after the mined area recovery. Stoniness decreased in 0.10-0.20 m layer after recovery, but was similar in the 0-0.10 m layer in before and after samples. The recovery techniques restored organic matter levels to pre-mining levels. However, changes in soil, including an increase in soil flocculation degree and a decrease in water-dispersible clays, were still apparent post-recovery. Furthermore, mining operations caused structural changes to the superficial layer of soil, as demonstrated by an increase in soil density and a decrease in total porosity and macroporosity. Decreases in the water stability of aggregates were observed after mining operations.

scholarly journals The impact of landscape evolution on soil physics: evolution of soil physical and hydraulic properties along two chronosequences of proglacial moraines

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 3189-3204
Author(s):  
Anne Hartmann ◽  
Markus Weiler ◽  
Theresa Blume
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Hydraulic Properties ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Soil Chronosequence

Abstract. Soil physical properties highly influence soil hydraulic properties, which define the soil hydraulic behavior. Thus, changes within these properties affect water flow paths and the soil water and matter balance. Most often these soil physical properties are assumed to be constant in time, and little is known about their natural evolution. Therefore, we studied the evolution of physical and hydraulic soil properties along two soil chronosequences in proglacial forefields in the Central Alps, Switzerland: one soil chronosequence developed on silicate and the other on calcareous parent material. Each soil chronosequence consisted of four moraines with the ages of 30, 160, 3000, and 10 000 years at the silicate forefield and 110, 160, 4900, and 13 500 years at the calcareous forefield. We investigated bulk density, porosity, loss on ignition, and hydraulic properties in the form of retention curves and hydraulic conductivity curves as well as the content of clay, silt, sand, and gravel. Samples were taken at three depths (10, 30, 50 cm) at six sampling sites at each moraine. Soil physical and hydraulic properties changed considerably over the chronosequence. Particle size distribution showed a pronounced reduction in sand content and an increase in silt and clay content over time at both sites. Bulk density decreased, and porosity increased during the first 10 millennia of soil development. The trend was equally present at both parent materials, but the reduction in sand and increase in silt content were more pronounced at the calcareous site. The organic matter content increased, which was especially pronounced in the topsoil at the silicate site. With the change in physical soil properties and organic matter content, the hydraulic soil properties changed from fast-draining coarse-textured soils to slow-draining soils with high water-holding capacity, which was also more pronounced in the topsoil at the silicate site. The data set presented in this paper is available at the online repository of the German Research Center for Geosciences (GFZ; Hartmann et al., 2020b). The data set can be accessed via the DOI https://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.4.4.2020.004.

Estimating Soil Organic Matter: A Case Study of Soil Physical Properties for Environment-Related Issues in Southeast Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kokei Ikpi Ofem ◽  
Kingsley John ◽  
Mark Pawlett ◽  
Michael Otu Eyong ◽  
Chukwuebuka Edwin Awaogu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Soil Physical Properties
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