scholarly journals Episodes of Diverticulitis and Hemorrhoidal Proctitis and Diets with Selected Plant Foods: Case-Control Study with a Food Frequency Questionnaire

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Flich-Carbonell ◽  
Antoni Alegre-Martinez ◽  
José Alfonso-Sánchez ◽  
Maria Torres-Sanchez ◽  
Salvador Gomez-Abril ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Food Frequency Questionnaire ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
Plant Foods ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Control Study

Background The high incidence of diverticulitis and hemorrhoidal proctitis episodes in the population imposes an important healthcare and economic burden. Aim To determine the association between intake of certain plant foods and diverticulitis and hemorrhoidal proctitis episodes. Methods Case-control study with quantitative food frequency questionnaire focusing on selected plant foods and derived products. These were grouped by main chemical components into: ethanol, caffeine/theine/theobromine, capsaicin, alliin, acids, eugenol, and miscellaneous foods like curcumin. We quantified intake according to 24-h recall, either on a 1-4 scale (no intake, low, moderate, high intake) or as the number of units consumed (e.g. cups of tea/coffee, n of oranges or lemons); this value was multiplied by the number of reported intake days per week (1-7). Overall intake was expressed as a continuous variable obtained by successively multiplying the score for each food category, and the result was transformed into a common logarithm (range 0.3 to 27.7). Cases and controls were compared using the chi-squared test, student’s t test, odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI), and predictive analysis (multiple logistic regression). Results The sample included 410 cases and 401 controls, who were similar in mean age and gender distribution. The mean score for overall intake of included plant foods was 6.3 points (standard deviation [SD] 4.5), and this was significantly higher in cases (8.5 points, SD 5.3) than in controls (4.1 points, SD 1.2; p < 0.001). Overall intake was similar in cases presenting diverticulitis or hemorrhoidal proctitis. Cases had 13 times the odds of being in the upper quartile for overall intake (> 7 points) compared to controls (OR 13.2, 95% CI 8.3 to 20.8, p < 0.001). Predictive logistic regression models showed that the chemical food group most closely associated with diverticulitis and hemorrhoidal proctitis was capsaicin, followed by ethanol, eugenol, caffeine/theine/theobromine, and acids. The OR for age was near the null value. Neither alliin nor miscellaneous food groups showed any association. Conclusions High, frequent consumption of some plant foods and derived products increases the risk of presenting symptoms of diverticulitis and hemorrhoidal proctitis.

scholarly journals The Potential Link between Episodes of Diverticulitis or Hemorrhoidal Proctitis and Diets with Selected Plant Foods: A Case–Control Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1791
Author(s):  
Juan Flich-Carbonell ◽  
Antoni Alegre-Martinez ◽  
Jose L. Alfonso-Sanchez ◽  
Maria T. Torres-Sanchez ◽  
Segundo Gomez-Abril ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Plant Foods ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Frequent Consumption ◽  
Control Study

Diverticulitis and hemorrhoidal proctitis in the population are significant public health problems. We studied the potential association between the intake of certain plant foods and diverticulitis or hemorrhoidal episodes through a case–control study including 410 cases and 401 controls. We used a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. The intake was additionally quantified according to a 24 h recall. The plant foods or derived food products were categorized by their main chemical components into ethanol, caffeine/theine/theobromine, capsaicin, alliin, acids, eugenol, and miscellaneous foods such as curcumin. The mean score for overall intake of plant foods under consideration was 6.3 points, and this was significantly higher in cases (8.5) than in controls (4.1). Overall intake was similar in cases presenting with diverticulitis or hemorrhoidal proctitis. Cases had 13 times the odds of being in the upper quartile for overall intake (>7 points), compared to controls. Explanatory logistic regression models showed that the strongest association with diverticulitis and hemorrhoidal proctitis was shown by the chemical food group of capsaicin, followed by ethanol, eugenol, caffeine/theine/theobromine, and acids. Neither alliin nor miscellaneous food groups showed any association. High, frequent consumption of capsaicin, followed by ethanol, eugenol, caffeine/theine/theobromine, and acids increase the risk of diverticulitis and hemorrhoidal proctitis.

The reproducibility of a food frequency questionnaire among controls participating in a case‐control study on cancer

1992 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. B. Bueno de Mesquita ◽  
F. W. M. Smeets ◽  
S. Runia ◽  
K. F. A. M. Hulshof
Keyword(s):  
Food Frequency Questionnaire ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals PERBEDAAN ASUPAN ENERGI, LEMAK, SERAT DAN AKTIVITAS FISIK PADA ANAK OBESITAS DAN NON-OBESITAS USIA 3 – 5 TAHUN

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-157
Author(s):  
Pramita Ariawati Putri ◽  
Etika Ratna Noer
Keyword(s):  
Food Frequency Questionnaire ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
T Test ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
Adiposity Rebound ◽  
Control Study

Latar Belakang : Obesitas adalah masalah gizi yang dapat membahayakan kesehatan dan harus ditangani sejak dini. Obesitas pada anak usia 3 – 5 tahun dikaitkan dengan semakin cepat terjadinya adiposity rebound, yang memungkinkan anak menjadi obesitas saat dewasa. Obesitas dapat dipengaruhi oleh asupan energi, lemak, serat dan aktivitas fisik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan asupan energi, lemak, serat dan aktivitas fisik pada anak usia 3 – 5 tahun.Metode : Desain penelitian case control study dengan matching usia dan jenis kelamin pada KB-TK Islam Al – Azhar 14 Semarang. Subjek terdiri dari 30 kelompok kasus (overweight dan obesitas) dan 30 kelompok kontrol (normal). Kriteria normal, overweight  dan obesitas menggunakan indikator z-score IMT/U. Normal jika z-score -2 ≥ 1SD, overweight (1 ≥ 2SD), dan obesitas (> 2SD). Asupan energi, lemak dan serat dihitung menggunakan food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) semi kuantitatif dan aktivitas fisik menggunakan kuesioner recall aktivitas fisik. Analisis data menggunakan uji independent T test dan Mann-Whitney.Hasil : Asupan energi dan lemak pada kelompok kasus lebih tinggi daripada kelompok kontrol. Terdapat perbedaan asupan energi (p=0,000) dan lemak (p=0,000) pada kedua kelompok. Tidak terdapat perbedaan asupan serat (p=0,311) dan aktivitas fisik (p=1,112) pada kedua kelompok. Kesimpulan : Terdapat perbedaan asupan energi dan lemak pada anak obesitas dan tidak obesitas.

Dietary Choline Intake during Pregnancy and PEMT rs7946 Polymorphism on Risk of Preterm Birth: A Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Jie Zhu ◽  
Yu-Hong Liu ◽  
Xiang-Long He ◽  
Martin Kohlmeier ◽  
Li-Li Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Chinese Women ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Han Chinese ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
Term Delivery ◽  
Choline Intake ◽  
Dietary Choline ◽  
Control Study

<b><i>Introduction and Aims:</i></b> Choline-metabolizing genetic variation may interact with choline intake on fetal programming and pregnancy outcome. This case-control study aims to explore the association of maternal choline consumption and phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PEMT) gene polymorphism rs7946 with preterm birth risk. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> 145 Han Chinese women with preterm delivery and 157 Han Chinese women with term delivery were recruited in Shanghai. Dietary choline intake during pregnancy was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Additionally, DNA samples were genotyped for PEMT rs7946 (G5465A) with plasma homocysteine (Hcy) levels measured. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Compared with the lowest quartile of choline intake, women within the highest consumption quartile had adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for preterm birth of 0.48 (95% confidence interval, CI [0.24, 0.95]). There was a significant interaction between maternal choline intake and PEMT rs7946 (<i>p</i> for interaction = 0.04), where the AA genotype carriers who consumed the energy-adjusted choline &#x3c;255.01 mg/day had aOR for preterm birth of 3.75 (95% CI [1.24, 11.35]), compared to those with GG genotype and choline intake &#x3e;255.01 mg/day during pregnancy. Additionally, the greatest elevated plasma Hcy was found in the cases with AA genotype and choline consumption &#x3c;255.01 mg/day (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The AA genotype of PEMT rs7946 may be associated with increased preterm birth in these Han Chinese women with low choline intake during pregnancy.

Risk factors associated with subacromial pain in young athletes: A case control study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Zoran Z. Sarcevic ◽  
Andreja P. Tepavcevic
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Sternoclavicular Joint ◽  
Pectoralis Major ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Serratus Anterior ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lower Trapezius ◽  
Control Study

BACKGROUND: Subacromial pain (SAP) is a common complaint of young athletes, independently of the sport engaged. The prevalence of SAP in some sports is up to 50%. OBJECTIVE: The study was aimed to investigate some new factors possibly associated to subacromial pain in young athletes. The factors considered were the grade of tightness of the clavicular portion of the pectoralis major, dysfunction of the sternoclavicular joint, and serratus anterior and lower trapezius strength. METHODS: This case-control study included 82 young athletes 9–15 years, 41 with the symptoms of SAP and 41 controls. All participants self-reported whether they had subacromial pain. In addition, Hawkins–Kennedy Test was performed to all the participants to evaluate the subacromial pressure. Main outcome measures were the grade of tightness of the clavicular portion of the pectoralis major, dysfunction of the sternoclavicular joint, and serratus anterior and lower trapezius strength. The grade of tightness of the clavicular portion of the pectoralis major and the dysfunction of the sternoclavicular joint were measured with an inclinometer. Serratus anterior and lower trapezius strength were measured by a handheld dynamometer with external belt-fixation. The data were analyzed using t-test for independent samples, Mann-Whitney U test, contingency coefficients and a stepwise binary logistic regression. RESULTS: Significant statistical difference was observed in the grade of tightness of the clavicular portion of the pectoralis major and in the variable representing the physiological functioning of the sternoclavicular joint, between the cases and the controls. There was no significant difference in serratus anterior and lower trapezius strength between the cases and the controls. Logistic regression analysis showed that the variable representing the physiological functioning of the sternoclavicular joint and the grade of shortening of the clavicular portion of the pectoralis major were good predictors for presence of SAP. CONCLUSIONS: A strong association was determined between subacromial pain in young athletes, clavicular portion of pectoralis major tightness and the dysfunction of the sternoclavicular joint.

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