scholarly journals Review of Schemes and Policies for Urban Transport in India with Reference to Socio-Equity Considerations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahul Tiwari ◽  
Yogesh Garg ◽  
Utkarsha Negi
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Indian Society ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Negative Experience ◽  
Broad Perspective ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
The Public ◽  
Equity Consideration

Public Transport has been seen since ages as the most environmentally sustainable mode of transport. The users of public transport are diverse and have different socio-economic character. Hence the public transport which is not only supposed to be environmentally sustainable but also envisaged to ensure equity amongst various stakeholders of society like the females, elderly and other vulnerable groups through its service. Gender in binary terms of being differentiated based on men and women is a social construct. Public transport systems in developing countries like India witness socio-cultural factors that shape the experience of women in public spaces by social norms extant in society. Along with this, gender-based issues related to public transport are social and behavioural shortcomings as a consequence of a lack of gender sensitivity. On similar lines, elderly have a negative experience involving safety threats, physical and psychological discomfort while accessing public transport systems. The literature published regarding such issues on the gender and elderly question in public transport systems have been studied and has been brought forth under a stand- alone narrative literature review. A literature review is a prerequisite to conducting either stand-alone reviews or as a preliminary study to be supported with quantitative or qualitative analysis. Here, a stand-alone literature review concerning issues in the public transport system in India has been performed. A narrative type of review is conducted to provide an overview of pre- existing published literature. Narrative overviews are useful educational articles as they help present a broad perspective on a topic and often define the development of a problem and/or ways to manage it. The semi-systematic or narrative-review approach is designed for topics that have been theorized differently and studied within diverse disciplines making it unfavourable to study under a full systematic-review process which majorly caters to reviewing quantitative researches. As narrative-styled literature reviews prefer a semi- systematic data collection method, utmost care has been taken to include perspectives from diverse disciplines. The scope of this review is restricted to summarizing the Indian policies, schemes of public transport in light of socio-equity consideration while narrowing the inherent discrepancies within the socio-cultural ethos of the Indian society which influences socio-equity consideration in public spaces in general and the modes of public transport in particular. Research articles from electronic databases were selected based on relevance to understand the issues this viewpoint, their essential findings and possible recommendations are formulated to provide a comprehensive summary of previous researches.

scholarly journals A Novel Model for Determining Public Service Compensation in Integrated Public Transport Systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 2969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordan Stojić ◽  
Dušan Mladenović ◽  
Olegas Prentkovskis ◽  
Slavko Vesković
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Passenger Transport ◽  
Market Conditions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Optimal Approach ◽  
Novel Model

In free market conditions, if public passenger transport services are commercially unprofitable, there will be no interest for transport companies to perform them. However, directly because of the citizens’ interests, on the one hand, and indirectly because of the economy, passenger public transport services have become of a general public interest. The authorities must prepare appropriate legal fair market conditions, based on which public transport will be subsidized and conducted. In order to achieve that, for the mutual benefit of the public, users and transport companies, it is necessary that the right Public Service Obligation Model (PSO model or in some literature PCS—Public Service Compensation) be defined. Within this study, the optimal approach to assigning a PSC contract to transport companies for performing the PSO in integrated and regular public passenger transport systems is determined. A novel model, presented in this paper, can help national, regional and local authorities to choose and determine the way and level of PSCs for conducting the public transport of passengers and establishing a sustainable public passenger transport system.

scholarly journals Quality of Bus Services Performance: Benefits of Real Time Passenger Information Systems

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andres Monzon ◽  
Sara Hernandez ◽  
Rocio Cascajo
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Travel Behaviour ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Sustainable Transport ◽  
The Public ◽  
Steady Growth ◽  
Bus Services

One of the main problems in urban areas is the steady growth in car ownership and traffic levels. Therefore, the challenge of sustainability is focused on a shift of the demand for mobility from cars to collective means of transport. For this purpose, buses are a key element of the public transport systems. In this respect Real Time Passenger Information (RTPI) systems help people change their travel behaviour towards more sustainable transport modes. This paper provides an assessment methodology which evaluates how RTPI systems improve the quality of bus services performance in two European cities, Madrid and Bremerhaven. In the case of Madrid, bus punctuality has increased by 3%. Regarding the travellers perception, Madrid raised its quality of service by 6% while Bremerhaven increased by 13%. On the other hand, the users´ perception of Public Transport (PT) image increased by 14%.

Positive Distractions and Play in the Public Spaces of Pediatric Healthcare Environments: A Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-197
Author(s):  
Shan Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
The Public ◽  
Healthcare Environments ◽  
Positive Feelings ◽  
Pediatric Healthcare

Background: A positive distraction is a significant environmental feature that introduces positive feelings by diverting attention from stress or anxious thoughts. Existing research has deemed the application of positive distractions in pediatric environments to be significant. This study investigated the essential positive distractions and the associated health benefits. Aims: The aims of this study were to validate and extend evidence on positive distractions and play opportunities in the design of the public spaces in pediatric healthcare environments, translate existing evidence into design suggestions, and identify research gaps in this realm. Methods: A four-phased literature review method was employed in the study, including literature search, literature screening and selection, literature appraisal, and thematic analysis and in-depth discussion. Eventually, 27 peer-reviewed publications were reviewed and discussed in detail. Results/Conclusions: The gathered materials were grouped into six themes of positive distractions: (1) art and environmental aesthetics, (2) spatial arrangement and atrium, (3) considerations of socialization patterns, (4) play and interactive technologies, (5) sound and lighting interventions, and (6) access to nature. The research indicated that positive distractions in the pediatric healthcare environment provide a series of health benefits for patients, including improved behavioral and emotional well-being, reduced stress and anxiety, enhanced healthcare experience and satisfaction, and facilitated medical procedures and recovery. Yet significant research gaps emerged between positive distractions and play in garden spaces and spatial design to accommodate interactive technology and socialization in the public areas of pediatric healthcare environments. This study organized the understanding on the components of supportive environments and its outcomes for pediatric healthcare design.

scholarly journals Data-Driven Analysis of Bicycle Sharing Systems as Public Transport Systems Based on a Trip Index Classification

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 4315
Author(s):  
Mark Richard Wilby ◽  
Juan José Vinagre Díaz ◽  
Rubén Fernández Pozo ◽  
Ana Belén Rodríguez González ◽  
José Manuel Vassallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Mathematical Framework ◽  
The Public ◽  
Traffic Lights ◽  
Public Transport System ◽  
Specific Analysis ◽  
Last Mile

Bicycle Sharing Systems (BSSs) are exponentially increasing in the urban mobility sector. They are traditionally conceived as a last-mile complement to the public transport system. In this paper, we demonstrate that BSSs can be seen as a public transport system in their own right. To do so, we build a mathematical framework for the classification of BSS trips. Using trajectory information, we create the trip index, which characterizes the intrinsic purpose of the use of BSS as transport or leisure. The construction of the trip index required a specific analysis of the BSS shortest path, which cannot be directly calculated from the topology of the network given that cyclists can find shortcuts through traffic lights, pedestrian crossings, etc. to reduce the overall traveled distance. Adding a layer of complication to the problem, these shortcuts have a non-trivial existence in terms of being intermittent, or short lived. We applied the proposed methodology to empirical data from BiciMAD, the public BSS in Madrid (Spain). The obtained results show that the trip index correctly determines transport and leisure categories, which exhibit distinct statistical and operational features. Finally, we inferred the underlying BSS public transport network and show the fundamental trajectories traveled by users. Based on this analysis, we conclude that 90.60% of BiciMAD’s use fall in the category of transport, which demonstrates our first statement.

scholarly journals The Effects of the Selective Enlargement of Fare-Free Public Transport

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 6390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Grzelec ◽  
Aleksander Jagiełło
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Market Research ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Mode Of Transportation ◽  
Free Transport ◽  
Using Data

In recent years fare-free public transport (FFPT) found itself at the centre of attention of various groups, such as economists, transport engineers and local authorities, as well as those responsible for the organisation of urban transport. The FFPT is hoped to be the answer to contemporary transport-related problems within cities, problems which largely result from insensible proportions between trips carried out via personal mode of transportation and those completed by the means of public transport. This article reviews the motives and effects connected with the introduction to date of fare-free transport zones across the globe. It also presents, using data obtained in market research, the actual impact of a selective extension of the entitlement to free fares on the demand for urban transport services. The effects observed in other urban transport systems were then compared against those observed in relation to one, examined system. Analyses of observed FFPT implementation effects were then used to establish good and bad practices in the introduction of FFPT. The article also contains forecasts on the effect of the extension of entitlement to free fares and an increase in the public transport offer may have on the volume of demand for such services. The analyses have shown that an increase in the public transport offer (understood as an increase in the volume of vehicle-kilometres) would increase the demand for urban transport services more than the selective implementation of FFPT (assuming that the costs incurred by the local authorities remain unchanged).

Customer-centered knowledge management: challenges and implications for knowledge-based innovation in the public transport sector

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 559-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stavros Sindakis ◽  
Audrey Depeige ◽  
Eleni Anoyrkati
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Management Practices

Purpose – This study aims to explore the role of knowledge management practices in supporting current and emerging passengers’ and customer needs, aiming to create value. Specifically, the research examines the importance of customer-centred knowledge management in the delivery of innovative services and practices in the public transport sector, promoting the role of interactions between mobility stakeholders and travellers. Design/methodology/approach – A theoretical framework is developed and supported by the background literature on customer-centric knowledge management approaches, business model innovation, as well as on inter-organisational and network co-operations. Findings – Results show that the development of sustainable innovation and technologies in the transport sector requires knowledge management practices, which enable the access to knowledge about users’ needs, the mapping and evaluation of innovative knowledge, the promotion of knowledge-based innovation through collective approaches, as well as the acquisition and integration of new knowledge. Research limitations/implications – The conceptual framework developed in the paper remains limited to a theoretical understanding. Further research should empirically examine knowledge issues related to the intangible character and intellectual capital intensiveness of innovation in the transport sector. Practical implications – Researchers, public transport companies and public transport authorities are expected to benefit from this research, by developing mechanisms for customer-centred knowledge management, which is found to lead to innovative services and practices in the public transport sector. Another practical implication regards the adoption of knowledge management practices, leading to technological innovations in public transport, and advancing the level of sustainability in transport systems. Originality/value – The originality of this study lies in the development of a customer-focussed knowledge management framework, which provides a novel perspective of value creation in an attempt to engage researchers and practitioners from the transport industry in the conceptualisation and development of innovative solutions.

scholarly journals How Does Operational Environment Influence Public Transport Effectiveness? Evidence from European Urban Bus Operators

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 4919
Author(s):  
Georgios Georgiadis ◽  
Ioannis Politis ◽  
Panagiotis Papaioannou
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Production Model ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Operational Environment ◽  
The Public ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Exogenous Factors ◽  
Metro Systems ◽  
Systems Effectiveness

Public transport systems’ effectiveness is a well-recognized pillar of their sustainability. In this study, we employed order-m efficiency estimators to investigate the effectiveness of 57 bus public transport operators that provide services in both large and medium sized European cities. Their effectiveness was simulated through a tailored production model and was evaluated against critical exogenous variables, which were mostly extracted from Eurostat database. Results showed that the effectiveness of the examined operators is generally satisfactory. Our research suggests that certain exogenous factors significantly affect operators’ effectiveness and thus create either advantageous or disadvantageous operational environments for maintaining public transport sustainability. Among these factors, household size, unemployment and car ownership rates were found to be unfavorable to bus public transport operations. Contrary to them, the presence of university students and metro systems in cities create a favorable operational environment for bus public transport effectiveness. These findings assist in the identification of sustainable development policies that would both contribute to public transport sustainability and to the fulfillment of wider community goals. Our findings also rationalize benchmarking exercises in the public transport industry, since they enable fair performance comparisons between systems that seek to incorporate successful management practices to improve their sustainability.

Comparative Analysis of Public Transport Users' Perception Targeting Sustainable Transportation

2020 ◽  
pp. 911-933
Author(s):  
Yetis Sazi Murat ◽  
Ziya Cakici
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Sustainable Transportation ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Transport System ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Public Survey ◽  
Strong Relation ◽  
Private Car

Public transport is one of the main actors of sustainable transportation. To make an increase in the use of public transport systems and a decrease in private car usage are one of the main purposes of decision makers in many countries. Usage of public transport system has a strong relation with the quality of service. Service quality includes many parameters such as comfort, frequency, information system etc. Fare is another important parameter on demand for public transport systems. All of these parameters are varied by users' perceptions. This study focuses on public transport systems of Denizli, Turkey and investigates users' perceptions. Bus and paratransit (minibus) modes are regarded in the study. The public survey is performed for these modes. In the surveys, different questions have been asked to participants. Answer of each question is evaluated separately and distribution of each question for gender, ages and jobs are analyzed. Results obtained are summarized and discussed.

scholarly journals Exploring the Interoperability of Public Transport Systems for Sustainable Mobility in Developing Cities: Lessons from Johannesburg Metropolitan City, South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 5875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trynos Gumbo ◽  
Thembani Moyo
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
The State ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Moran's I ◽  
Transit Systems ◽  
The Public ◽  
Metropolitan City ◽  
Local Moran’S I Index

There have been growing concerns with regards to the state public transportation systems, particularly in the cities of developing countries. Chief among these concerns has been the lack of well-coordinated, efficient, and reliable transportation systems. The city of Johannesburg, just like any other fast-growing municipality in developing and emerging economies, has not been spared with regards to incessant public transport challenges. Consequently, there have been collective efforts from both public and private stakeholders to invest immensely in both innovative rail and road transport systems in the past decade. This article sought to achieve twin objectives. First, the work identified the state of connectivity between the rapid rail transportation and rapid bus transit systems based on Geoweb 2.0 data. Second, the work visualized the level of connectivity between these two modes to develop and formulate policy frameworks in integrating public transit systems in cities of the developing world, learning from the metropolitan city of Johannesburg. A mixed-method approach consisting of spatial and quantitative aspects was used to examine the state of connectedness and the promotion of access and mobility between the two modes. The local Moran’s I index was used to compute node clusters within the public transport system. Results from the analysis demonstrated that both high-clusters and low-clusters exist in the public transportation network, which have a high degree of centrality. It was revealed that commuters navigate from these nodes/stops with relative ease due to the short walking radius. However, the work revealed that most rail networks and bus routes, as well as the stations and bus stops, are not connected and are not significant in the local Moran’s I index, thus, making it difficult for commuters to conveniently move from the Gautrain to the Rea Vaya bus. There are, therefore, gaps with regards to the sharing of infrastructure between the two public transport modes and systems.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Industri Batubara Terhadap Polusi Udara dalam Keseimbangan World Air Quality Index in India

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 156
Author(s):  
Krisma Trianisa ◽  
Eko Priyo Purnomo ◽  
Aulia Nur Kasiwi
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Indian Society ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
The Public ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
The Government

The research was conducted on the researcher's curiosity on various environmental problems that arise as a result of the condition of the earth that is no longer able to sustain all the needs and desires of humans are infinite. But to avoid too much discussion, research will focus on how coal's role in contributing to high levels of air pollution in India. Air pollution is one of the environmental problems that often gets the world's attention. Talking about air pollution must be very closely related to the State of India, whose position as the country with the worst levels of pollution in the world. The method in this study uses a type of qualitative method with the source of data in the form of a literature review that is journal articles that have relevance to the research topic. The data obtained through the literature review will then be carried out data analysis with data reduction stages, data presentation and drawing conclusions. Based on the results of the study it can be seen that coal is the belle of fuel used by India as a support for the large energy needs of Indian society. Indeed, coal's natural resources have a positive impact on the economic situation and conditions of energy security in India, but there are more urgent things that need attention that is related to the negative impact of coal use in the form of pollution which is very dangerous for the survival of Indian society. Therefore, to protect the public from the worsening air conditions in India requires serious efforts from various groups, especially the government

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