scholarly journals Lower Body Positive Pressure Treadmill Training for Pediatric Gait Disorders: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yosra Cherni ◽  
Léandre Gagné-Pelletier ◽  
Laurent Bouyer ◽  
Catherine Mercier
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Treadmill Training ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Lower Body Positive Pressure ◽  
Gait Parameters ◽  
Quasi Experimental

The purpose of this scoping review was to examine the literature on the use of anti-gravity treadmill and its effects on lower limb motor functions in children and adolescents with locomotor impairments. Four databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, Web of Science) were searched for articles from inception to August 2021. Inclusion criteria were: (1) experimental or quasi-experimental studies using the anti-gravity training as the primary intervention; (2) studies conducted in paediatricpediatric participants; (3) articles reporting outcomes related to the lower limb functions; and (4) studies published in French or English. Fifteen articles were included in the review. Studies included children and adolescents aged 4–18 years with locomotor impairments. The intervention duration was ranged from 2 and to 12 weeks, with 2-5 sessions per week. Included studies showed reported that anti-gravity training induces improvements in muscle strength, balance, spatiotemporal gait parameters, and walking endurance in children with locomotor impairments. This review provides relevant information about the modalities, outcomes and limits associated with the anti-gravity training protocol reported in the literature. Overall, the anti-gravity treadmill training could be viewed as a valuable training modality for children with cerebral palsy. However, more precise, and comprehensive description of anti-gravity rehabilitation protocols would be useful.

scholarly journals Lower-Body Positive Pressure Treadmill Training for Pediatric Gait Disorders: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 323
Author(s):  
Yosra Cherni ◽  
Léandre Gagné-Pelletier ◽  
Laurent Bouyer ◽  
Catherine Mercier
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Treadmill Training ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Lower Body Positive Pressure ◽  
Gait Parameters ◽  
Quasi Experimental

The purpose of this scoping review was to examine the literature on the use of anti-gravity treadmills and its effects on lower-limb motor functions in children and adolescents with locomotor impairments. Method: Four databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, Web of Science) were searched for articles from inception to August 2021. Inclusion criteria were: (1) experimental or quasi-experimental studies using anti-gravity training as the primary intervention; (2) studies conducted in pediatric participants; (3) articles reporting outcomes related to lower-limb functions; and (4) studies published in French or English. Results: Fifteen articles were included in the review. Studies included children and adolescents aged 4–18 years with locomotor impairments. Intervention duration ranged from 2 to 12 weeks, with 2–5 sessions per week. Included studies reported that anti-gravity training induces improvements in muscle strength, balance, spatiotemporal gait parameters, and walking endurance in children with locomotor impairments. Conclusion: This review provides relevant information about interventions, outcomes and limits associated with anti-gravity training in pediatrics. Overall, anti-gravity treadmill training could be viewed as a valuable training modality, specifically for children with cerebral palsy. However, a more precise and comprehensive description of anti-gravity training protocols would be useful.

Psychosocial Depression Interventions for Dialysis Patients, With Attention to Latinos: A Scoping Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 910-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E. Sullivan ◽  
Namkee G. Choi ◽  
Christian E. Vazquez ◽  
Margaret A. Neaves
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Expressive Writing ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Behavioral Problem ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Purpose: Depression is a common and debilitating condition that often goes undetected and untreated among people with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). We conducted a scoping review to identify psychosocial depression interventions for adult dialysis patients and gaps in depression care, with particular attention to Latinos, a group disproportionately affected by ESRD in the United States. Methods: We searched electronic databases and grey literature sources for studies in English and Spanish. Results: We found 36 studies including cognitive behavioral, problem-solving, hope, psychoeducation, expressive writing, and physical activity interventions. Twelve studies (33%) were U.S.-based, while the rest were conducted elsewhere. U.S.-based studies involved mostly individual-format cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) interventions carried out during dialysis. CBTs showed the most promising effect on depression in both randomized clinical and quasi-experimental studies. Among 22 randomized trials reviewed, 1 reported participants with Latino/Hispanic ethnicity. Conclusions: More intervention research is needed for depression treatment with ESRD patients, especially Latinos.

scholarly journals Digital Gamification to Enhance Vaccine Knowledge and Uptake: Scoping Review (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilaria Montagni ◽  
Inass Mabchour ◽  
Christophe Tzourio
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Digital Tools ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Relative Paucity ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Quasi Experimental

BACKGROUND Vaccine hesitancy is a growing threat to population health, and effective interventions are needed to reduce its frequency. Digital gamification is a promising new approach to tackle this public health issue. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this scoping review was to assess the amount and quality of outcomes in studies evaluating gamified digital tools created to increase vaccine knowledge and uptake. METHODS We searched for peer-reviewed articles published between July 2009 and August 2019 in PubMed, Google Scholar, Journal of Medical Internet Research, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, and SocINDEX. Studies were coded by author, year of publication, country, journal, research design, sample size and characteristics, type of vaccine, theory used, game content, game modality, gamification element(s), data analysis, type of outcomes, and mean quality score. Outcomes were synthesized through the textual narrative synthesis method. RESULTS A total of 7 articles met the inclusion criteria and were critically reviewed. Game modalities and gamification elements were diverse, but role play and a reward system were present in all studies. These articles included a mixture of randomized controlled trials, quasi-experimental studies, and studies comprising quantitative and qualitative measures. The majority of the studies were theory-driven. All the identified gamified digital tools were highly appreciated for their usability and were effective in increasing awareness of vaccine benefits and motivation for vaccine uptake. CONCLUSIONS Despite the relative paucity of studies on this topic, this scoping review suggests that digital gamification has strong potential for increasing vaccination knowledge and, eventually, vaccination coverage.

scholarly journals Use of Pressure-Measuring Insoles to Characterize Gait Parameters in Simulated Reduced-Gravity Conditions

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (18) ◽  
pp. 6244
Author(s):  
Christian Ison ◽  
Connor Neilsen ◽  
Jessica DeBerardinis ◽  
Mohamed B. Trabia ◽  
Janet S. Dufek
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Path Length ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Reduced Gravity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lower Body Positive Pressure ◽  
Gait Parameters ◽  
Stance Time

Prior researchers have observed the effect of simulated reduced-gravity exercise. However, the extent to which lower-body positive-pressure treadmill (LBPPT) walking alters kinematic gait characteristics is not well understood. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of LBPPT walking on selected gait parameters in simulated reduced-gravity conditions. Twenty-nine college-aged volunteers participated in this cross-sectional study. Participants wore pressure-measuring insoles (Medilogic GmBH, Schönefeld, Germany) and completed three 3.5-min walking trials on the LBPPT (AlterG, Inc., Fremont, CA, USA) at 100% (normal gravity) as well as reduced-gravity conditions of 40% and 20% body weight (BW). The resulting insole data were analyzed to calculate center of pressure (COP) variables: COP path length and width and stance time. The results showed that 100% BW condition was significantly different from both the 40% and 20% BW conditions, p < 0.05. There were no significant differences observed between the 40% and 20% BW conditions for COP path length and width. Conversely, stance time significantly differed between the 40% and 20% BW conditions. The findings of this study may prove beneficial for clinicians as they develop rehabilitation strategies to effectively unload the individual’s body weight to perform safe exercises.

Efficacy and safety of diuretics in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a scoping review

Heart ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. heartjnl-2021-319643
Author(s):  
Arushi Singh ◽  
Anubha Agarwal ◽  
Q. Eileen Wafford ◽  
Sanjiv J Shah ◽  
Mark Huffman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Preserved Ejection Fraction ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Unpublished Studies ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Randomised Controlled

ObjectiveDiuretics reduce congestion in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). However, comparison of clinical effects across diuretic classes or combinations of diuretics in patients with HFpEF are not well described. Therefore, we sought to conduct a scoping review to map trial data of diuretic efficacy and safety in patients with HFpEF.Review methods and resultsWe searched multiple bibliometric databases for published literature and ClinicalTrials.gov, and hand searched unpublished studies comparing different classes of diuretics to usual care or placebo in patients with HFpEF. We included randomised controlled trials or quasi-experimental studies. Two authors independently screened and extracted key data using a structured form. We identified 13 published studies on diuretics in HFpEF, with 1 evaluating thiazide use, 7 on mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) and 5 on sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i). There remain 17 ongoing trials evaluating loop diuretics (n=1), MRAs (n=5), SGLT2i (n=10) and a polydiuretic (n=1), including 2 well-powered trials of SGLT2i that will be completed in 2021.ConclusionsThe limited number of published trials evaluating different classes of diuretics in patients with HFpEF have been generally small and short term. Ongoing and emerging trials of single or combination diuretics with greater power will be useful to better define their safety and efficacy.Scoping review registrationdoi:10.18131/g3-dejv-tm77.

scholarly journals Evidence for an Association Between Hearing Impairment and Disrupted Sleep: Scoping Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 1015-1024
Author(s):  
Nathan A. Clarke ◽  
Derek J. Hoare ◽  
Edward C. Killan
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sensory Impairment ◽  
Exposed Workers ◽  
Systematic Strategy ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose Hearing impairment (HI) is the most common sensory impairment and may negatively impact sleep through reduced auditory input. Factors associated with HI such as anxiety regarding communication in daily life may also adversely impact an individual's sleep. Here, research on the relationship between HI and sleep disruption was catalogued using scoping review methodology. Method A systematic strategy was employed to search various electronic databases. This review is reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses Scoping Review Extension. Results Sixteen records met inclusion criteria. Studies have investigated sleep in HI as a primary aim in noise-exposed workers or large surveys in older participants. Experimental and quasi-experimental studies report alterations to sleep architecture of potential neuroplastic origins. Studies reporting sleep as a secondary aim generally report poorer sleep in HI participants. Conclusions This scoping review has catalogued evidence that altered or negatively impacted sleep may be associated with HI. Potential confounding factors, mechanisms, and considerations for future research are discussed. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.9968369

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