Military service suitability among young men
Objective. To analyze main chronic diseases in 16-year-old boys and assess their significance in terms of military service. Materials and methods. In this observational cohort study, we analyzed medical records of 315 young men residing in Moscow. We used forms No 025/u ‘Medical outpatient card,’ and No. 112/u ‘Information on child development’ and their digital analogues (Unified Medical Information and Analytical System of Moscow). To identify dynamic changes in the structure of morbidity, we used the results of medical examinations of young men from the Central Military District (n = 239) for 2015, provided by the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. Data analysis was performed using the Statstica 6.0 software; we used the methods of descriptive statistics and Z-test. Differences were considered significant at р < 0.05. Results. More than one-third of participants (34.3%) were suitable for military service (Category A); 33% had minor limitations/were temporarily unsuitable for military service (Category B); 21% of young men had limited suitability for military service/were temporarily unsuitable for military service (Category C); 3.2% of participants were temporarily unsuitable for military service; 8.5% of participants were absolutely unsuitable for military service. Over 5 years, the structure of morbidity among young men of pre-conscription and military age has changed significantly: the number of patients with the most common pathologies making men unsuitable for military service (diseases of the musculoskeletal system and diseases of the eye and adnexa) has increased dramatically (a 3-fold and 7-fold increase, respectively). Conclusion. The simple information and analytical model proposed in this study allows the assessment of the dynamics of defense potential formation in the Russian Federation, as well as the evaluation of the effectiveness of pediatric care. Our findings suggest that it is necessary to perform a more thorough, early, timely examination of adolescents, correct their lifestyle, control the implementation of medical measures, increase the coverage of healthcare services for male children and adolescents. Keywords: military service, morbidity among adolescents, categories of suitability, medical examination.